Field Trial Comparing Two Materials for Marine Oil Sheen Sampling

The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) uses fiberglass material for forensic analysis of oil sheens, while the United States Coast Guard (USCG) method uses a tetrafluoroetheylene-fluorocarbon (TFE-fluorocarbon) polymer net. We performed a field trial of these two materials by sampling natural oil seeps, two in Santa Monica Bay, and three sheen areas in the Santa Barbara Channel. Though the fiberglass material did collect less mass on some trials, the forensic chemistry results demonstrated that both materials were satisfactory for purposes of chemical forensic analysis as each pair of the sampling materials yielded results that were consistent with a common oil seep source.

ANALISA SIFAT FISIK DAN SIFAT KIMIA MATERIAL BATANG KULIT POHON SAGU (CORTEX METROXYLON SAGO) SEBAGAI MATERIAL ALTERNATIF BANGUNAN KAPAL

Material kayu banyak digunakan dalam pembuatan kapal kayu serta bagian interior kapal baja atau kapal fiberglass. Material kayu yang digunakan untuk konstruksi kapal haruslah memenuhi syarat kualifikasi (Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia) dengan kategori kelas kuat dan kelas awet sehingga dapat digunakan pada bagian konstruksi serata badan kapal. Dewasa ini pemakaian kebutuhan kayu untuk keperluan struktur dalam jumlah besar dengan kualitas tinggi semakin sulit diperoleh. Hal ini menyebabkan harga kayu untuk keperluan material kapal sangat tinggi. Sehingga diperlukan material alternatif dalam membangun kapal kayu. Material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu sejak jaman primitif telah digunakan pada kapal yang sederhana atau bagian interior konstruksi kapal namun material ini belum dikaji secara teknik. Potensi Pohon Sagu oleh masyarakat lokal masih sebatas memanfaatkan pati sagunya sebagai bahan makan pokok dan daunnya sebagai atap rumah, sedangkan Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu tidak dimanfaatkan dan dibiarkan sebagai limbah hasil pengolahan sagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelas awet dan kelas kuat material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu berdasarkan analisa sifat kimia dan sifat mekanis material Limbah Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata kadar air berkisar antara 5,13% - 6,89%, Rata-rata Berat Jenis material Limbah Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu berkisar antara 0,86 kg/m3.Pengujian tarik (Tensile Test) dan pengujian Tekan (Compressive Test) mengunakan pengujian standard ASTM D 3039/3039 M dan ASTM D 3410/3410M. Kekuatan tarik rata-rata dari kelima jenis Pohon Sagu yang tersebar di Provinsi Maluku adalah 1019 kg/cm2 – 1101,29 kg/cm2, kekuatan tekan rata-rata adalah 458,87 kg/cm2 – 520,05 kg/cm2. Dengan demikian material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu masuk dalam kualifikasi Kelas Kuat II menurut standard BKI untuk Kapal Kayu.Penentuankelas awet yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan prosedur standar SNI 01-7207-2006 tentang uji ketahanan kayu dan produkkayu terhadap organisme perusak kayu dilaut dengan rata-rata intesitas serangan sebesar 16%. Namun kelemahan dari material ini adalah ketebalan Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu yang berkisar antara 1 cm – 2 cm sehingga harus dilakukan rekayasa model untuk mendapatkan bentuk profil sesuai dengan ketebalan profil pada bangunan kapal.

Strength Analysis and Assessment of Ina-TEWS Wave Glider

Indonesia as a country that often experiences tsunami disasters needs to have an early warning system against tsunami disasters. This system can use various existing technologies, one of which is the tsunami buoy system. The new tsunami buoy system does not use the natural mooring system but uses the wave glider system. This paper discusses the structural strength of the surface floater of wave glider using Eva Foam and Fiberglass material for skin and Alluminium material for frame and kell. The surface floater using 16 pieces for frame and 1 piece for keel. Enviromental loads is use in this paper like hydrodynamics load and weight load. The results from this paper is material from Eva Foam has a maximum principle stress is 12693 Pa and shear stress is 6114.6 Pa. For material from Fiberglass has maximum principle stress is 11.875 Pa and shear stress is 6076.3 Pa. Safety factor (SF) from maximum principle stress and shear stress for Eva Foams is up to 6x and SF for maximum principle and shear stress for Fiberglass is up to 26x. Conclusions for this paper is the desain for surface floater of wave glider it can be operated in the sea with draugh 0.18 m.

Assessment of Variations in the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Fiberglass Tubing Working in Different Environments

This paper presents the results of the experimental investigations carried out by the authors in order to evaluate the changes in the physico-mechanical properties of fiberglass tubing used to transport fluids between different facilities. In the near future, water injection wells will be equipped with fiberglass tubing, as an alternative to the more traditional metal tubing. The mechanical properties of fiberglass material (ultimate tensile strength, impact energy, burst pressure) have been determined for sets of 5 specimens that have been maintained (at a temperature of 80°C) in different environments and with different exposure times (hydrochloric acid: 6/24/48 hours; acetic acid: 6/24/48 hours; hydrochloric acid + hydrofluoric acid: 6/24/48 hours; xylene: 1/2/3 months; condensates: 1/2/3 months).

Study of Ship Design Maninjau Lake Tourism by Using Catamaran Hull Type and Fiberglass Material

Maninjau lake uses ships designed in a simple way without significant innovation from time to time. This case is caused by design methods that are based on hereditary knowledge from generations to generations, so that the ships that are made tend to have the same shape and size. Innovation is needed to get a higher level of efficiency and effectiveness on a ship. The innovation that needs to be done is the design of ships with a multi-hull shape or catamaran. The pre-design of the catamaran hull is based on using the comparation method as the dimension ratio of the ship, so that the dimensions of the ship are LWL = 4 m; LPP = 3.96 m; B = 1.7 m; B1 = 0.36 m; D = 0.7 m; d = 0.307 m. After that, testing the resistance (resistance) while determining the amount of Power needed. The next step is to analyze Stability and Seakeeping to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the hull type. Analysis carried out on this type of hull was applied to several models, then the best hull design was found. Each design is distinguished by hull shape, but has the same displacement which is equal to 0.448 tons. The first model of the catamaran hull with the type of Flat Inside Symmetry; second with the type of symmetry Flat Outside; and the third type with gastric Asymmetry.

Composite Material Modeling under Drop Weight Impact Test Using Finite Element Analysis

Composite material referred to build speed boats with a lightweight and also endured to support a crushing load. To design and analyze speed boats to support a collision accident, the composite material would be implemented into finite element model. This research had proposed the material model of a fiberglass composite material which used to construct speed boats in Pattaya, Thailand. The rectangular plate of composite material was analyzed according to the drop weight impact test. The orthotropic and isotropic material models were applied to define material properties of the finite element model of the fiberglass plate. The finite element analysis (FEA) results were compared with experimental data. The FEA with isotropic material for modeling the fiberglass material results were in good agreement with experiment. There was an average difference of 0.4195 J when compared the residual energy with the experimental data. Consequently, this fiberglass material model would be used to analyze the speed boat collision in a further work.

The Influence of Compressive Strength of EPS Concrete Using Fiberglass with Curing and Non Curing Treatment

Concrete is a mixture of portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water, with or without additives which form a solid mass. The purpose of this study was to find and innovative method of producing concrete mix from solid waste material as alternative. The alternative materials used in concrete mix was fiberglass. Material reduction in the sand on the concrete can decreases the strength until the fiberglass material added and increase the compressive strength on concrete. The composition of fiberglass that used in this study was 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%. The methodology used is the design of concrete mix in according to SNI 03-2834-2000. The results are concrete with the addition of EPS can reduce the density and the compressive strength of normal concrete, concrete EPS was added to increase the value of compressive strength fiberglass. The addition of fiberglass in concrete EPS only on the variable of 0.5% - 1% fiberglass, if greater than 1%, the compressive strength of concrete decreased because the material has not homogeneous concrete during mixing. The largest density value of 10% EPS concrete with fiberglass on the concrete test 28 days is the concrete EPS 10% + 0.5% fiberglass by weight of the curing process and the type of 2127.73 MPa and compressive strength are the largest and EPS concrete with compressive strength amounted to 11.277 MPa. The addition of 10% EPS can reduce the compressive strength of concrete at 3.75%. The addition of fiberglass obtained with a percentage of 0.5% - 1% is the most effective additions so as to improve the quality of concrete by 0.74%. Concrete with compressive strength has a curing system which is much better than the non-curing concrete, because concrete experience of concrete hydration reaction process which takes place optimally.