Floating Structure with Stabilised Buoyancy Control Device for Photovoltaic Application

Conventional approach of energy derivation is causing anthropogenic pollution and climate change. Various sustainable alternatives of renewable energy particularly solar energy have been developed and implemented as a part of the global effort to gradually decommission usage of fossil fuel and in turn, reduce carbon footprint to overcome adverse environmental impacts. Nevertheless, it was reported that in 2019, only 0.85% of total energy used globally is powered by solar energy. Photovoltaic by itself is not feasible enough due to magnified requirement of land for its installation. Therefore, one of the solutions is floating photovoltaic. However, floating photovoltaic is also restraint by the impact of tidal wave. Characterisation of relationship between stability of large floating structures corresponding to volumetric displacement of the buoyancy control device is the focal point of this paper. Significance of tidal wave impact is empirically assessed based on a scaled-down model of buoyancy control device integrated large floating structure by manipulating the buoyancy of buoyancy control device assisted structure to structure without buoyancy control device under a controlled environment. Fluctuation of the buoyancy control device can be reduced by up to 99.65% when tested against highest configuration of wave transducer by displacing only 50% of air with water. Meanwhile, neutral buoyancy is achieved up to almost 100% when the buoyancy control device is completely filled with water and total submergence has been achieved.

Tide characteristics and tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf

A 2D hydrodynamic model is employed to study the characteristics of tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf (PG). The study indicates that tidal waves propagate from the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman into the PG through the Strait of Hormuz. The numerical model is first validated using the measured water levels and current speeds around the PG and the principal tidal constituents of Admiralty tide tables. Considering the intermediate width of the PG, in comparison to Rossby deformation radius, the tidal wave propagates like a Kelvin wave on the boundaries. Whereas the continental shelf oscillation resonance of the basin is close to the period of diurnal constituents, the results show that the tide is mixed mainly semidiurnal. A series of numerical tests is also developed to study the various effects of geometry and bathymetry of the PG, Coriolis force, and bed friction on tidal wave deformation. Numerical tests reveal that the Coriolis force, combined with the geometry of the gulf, results in generation of different amphidromic systems of diurnal and semidiurnal constituents. The configuration of the bathymetry of the PG, with a shallow zone at the closed end of the basin that extends along its longitudinal axis in the southern half (asymmetrical cross section), results in the deformations of incoming and returning tidal Kelvin waves and consequently the shifts of amphidromic points (APs). The bed friction also results in the movements of the APs from the centerline to the south border of the gulf.

Pandemic Growth and Benfordness: Empirical Evidence from 176 Countries Worldwide

In the battle against the Coronavirus, over 190 territories and countries independently work on one end goal: to stop the pandemic growth. In this context, a tidal wave of data has emerged since the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. Extant research shows that the pandemic data are partially reliable. Only a small group of nations publishes reliable records on COVID-19 incidents. We collected global data from 176 countries and explored the causal relationship between average growth ratios and progress in the reliability of pandemic data. Furthermore, we replicated and operationalized the results of prior studies regarding the conformity of COVID-19 data to Benford’s law. Our outcomes confirm that the average growth rates of new cases in the first nine months of the Coronavirus pandemic explain improvement or deterioration in Benfordness and thus reliability of COVID-19 data. We found significant evidence for the notion that nonconformity to BL rises by the growth of new cases in the initial phases of outbreaks.

An Analytical Solution for Investigating the Characteristics of Tidal Wave and Surge Propagation Associated with Non-Tropical and Tropical Cyclones in the Humen Estuary, Pearl River

The Humen Estuary, one of the largest outlets of the Pearl River, is a long and wide tidal channel with a considerable tidal flow every year. Storm surges, always superposing spring tide, travel from the estuary and endanger the safety of people living around the river. However, little research has quantified the relationship between the hydraulic characteristics and the geometry features in this estuary. In this regard, an analytical model, combined with a numerical model, is applied to investigate the characteristics of tidal waves and surge propagations in the estuary. Given the geometric, topographic, and tidal parameters at the mouth of the estuary, the tidal damping and wave celerity can be computed. The numerical results were used to calibrate and verify the analytical model. The results indicate that the analytical model can describe the astronomical tidal dynamics very well in correspondence with the numerical results. However, the analytical model cannot predict the tide well when a tropical cyclone-induced surge is superimposed on the astronomical tide. The reason is that this model does not take the wind stress and the pressure depression into account. After reducing Manning’s coefficient, we found that the analytical results could be close to the numerical results. Finally, we analyzed the characteristics of the tidal wave in the Humen Estuary using the analytical solution and its parameters.

Protect Yourself from Communication Traps

For all the benefits of communicating research, there are also pitfalls. A researcher might be misquoted or accused of hogging the credit or hiding corporate ties. They might also find themselves swamped in the tidal wave of a hyperstory that feeds on itself ad infinitum. Or, the researcher might have to decide whether to tiptoe through a delicate story. All these exigencies require preparation and planning, which can be especially productive when done with a public information officer. Researchers should monitor their reputation on social media and take steps to avoid being misquoted or misinterpreted. They should also make sure they know when they are on the record when talking to journalists, to give proper credit to collaborators, and to publicly go against institutional policy. They should disclose corporate ties. In the case of a controversy or crisis, scientists should work with their public information officer to create effective communications.

PERANCANGAN PERMUKIMAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR NEO-VERNAKULER

Kampung Kara’ba merupakan kampung nelayan yang ada di pesisir Kota Makassar yang pada kenyataannya kurang tertata dan diperhatikan. Disamping legalitas bermukim yang tidak ada, Kampung Kara'ba masuk dalam kategori rawan akan bencana alam seperti ombak pasang, banjir, angin puyuh dan juga ancaman akan penggusuran yang terus meresahkan kalangan masyarakat Kara'ba, bahkan sampai pada pembangunan disekitarnya yang memaksa masyarakat nelayan Kara'ba mau tidak mau harus beralih profesi. Hal itu juga yang menyebabkan adanya wacana penataan dan perencanaan Kampung Kara'ba. Maka dari itu perlu adanya penggalian data eksisting dan aktivitas pada Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba agar nantinya bisa menjadi masukan rencana desain. Dengan menggunakan metode partisipatif atau pelibatan warga dan pihak-pihak terkait secara menyeluruh serta observasi lapangan, penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting dan aktivitas Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba. Pada pesisir pantai Makassar, terdapat berbagai macam kondisi eksisting dan aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh penduduk setempat maupun pengunjung. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa ada beberapa kondisi eksisting yang memungkinkan untuk dimasukkan dalam rencana perancangan Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba, tetapi ada pula yang sebaiknya dihilangkan demi terciptanya suatu rancangan bersama, yang diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan ditingkatan warga dan tidak lagi menimbulkan permasalahan kedepannya, sehingga dari proses tersebut terciptalah hasil desain perancangan permukiman Kara'ba yang bercirikan perkampungan suku Bugis-Makassar dengan infrastruktur, fasilitas umum, sosial, dan ekonomi yang memadai, serta penekanan hunian yang merupakan transformasi pembaharuan rumah tradisional Bugis-Makassar dengan sentuhan arsitektur neo-vernakuler. Kata kunci: permukiman nelayan, kondisi eksisting, aktivitas, partisipatif, profesi, perancangan. Kara'ba Kampoong is a fisherman's kampoong in cost city of Makassar which in fact unattended and less organized. Beside of that, there is no legality settled. Kara'ba Kampoong included in the prone to natural disasters category such as tidal wave, flood, whirlwind, and also threats of evictions that make people restless, and even to the surrounding development forced the fishing community in Kara'ba to change their job. It also causes the arrangement discourse and planning of Kara'ba Kampoong. So, it is very important the existence of extracting fisherman kampoong, so that later can be include by design plan. By using the participative method or involving the community and related parties overall and field observation. This writing aims to know about existing condition and activities in Kara'ba Fisherman Kampoong. In cost city of Makassar, there are many kind of existing conditions which allows to be included in designing planing of Kara'ba Fisherman Kampoong, but some of them should not exist for the creation of a joint design, which is expected to solve the problems in the future, so by that process designing of Kara'ba settlement can be created which is the character of the Fisherman Kampong Bugis- Makassar with infrastruckture, public facilities, sosial, adequate economy, and four types of dwellings are tranformation of traditional house renewal Bugis-Makassar with architecture neo-vernakuler.

Coastal windstorms create unsteady, unpredictable storm surges in a fluvial Maine estuary

Storm surges create coastal flooding that can be damaging to life and property. In estuaries with significant river influence (fluvial), it is possible for tides, storm surge, and river discharge to interact and enhance surges relative to the immediate coast. These tide-surge-river interactions were previously identified in a fluvial Maine estuary as higher frequency (>four cycles per day) oscillations to storm surge which were proposed to be incited by enhanced friction and resonance during certain windstorm events (Spicer et al. 2019). The relative contributions to tide-surge-river interaction from atmospheric forcing variables (wind, barometric pressure, and externally generated surge) remains unclear. This work seeks to decompose and analyze a recent windstorm surge event to better isolate the effects of atmospheric forcing on tidesurge- river interaction. Results show total storm surges in the fluvial estuary to be two times larger than at the estuary mouth because of tide-surge-river interaction. Analysis indicated at least 50% of the magnitude of tide-surge-river interactions are created by non-tidal forcing, in the form of wind, enhancing frictional energy in the estuary. The remaining tide-surge-river interaction is likely a result of changes in tidal wave propagation speed due to surge deepening the mean estuary water level.