Vertebral Anatomic Variations in Thoroughbred Racehorses in Trinidad

Reports of the occurrence of lumbar vertebrae variants in horses in Trinidad are rare in the literatures. Parts of the skeletons of two horses of unknown age and sex that died in a horse farm in Trinidad and Tobago were brought to the Anatomy laboratory. It was reported that specimens of fused left transverse processes of the 5th and 6th lumbar vertebrae and a blunted left transverse process of the 6th lumbar vertebra in thoroughbred racehorses in Trinidad.

PROFIL MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN TERNAK KUDA DI DESA PINABETENGAN KECAMATAN TOMPASO KABUPATEN MINAHASA

HORSE LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PROFILE IN THE VILLAGE OF PINABETENGAN KECAMATAN TOMPASO MINAHASA REGENCY. This study aims to determine the horse health management of Pinabetengan Village, Tompaso District of Minahasa Regency. The survey method was used in research in August to September 2018. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires for 56 horse breeders. Variables consist of horse breeders profiles, horse farm management profiles,and livestock health management profiles. Data analysis using descriptive statistics. The results showed that Management profile livestock health consists of 71.43% of farmers having vaccinated, 54.55% of parasite prevention. Diseases that attack livestock are 45.45% of worm parasitic diseases, 31.82% of runny nose, 14.55% of scabies, and 8.15% of digestive tract (colic and diarrhea). 63.36% of farmers self-medicated sick animals, 35.09% used medical services, and 1.75% did not handle. Farmers have not implemented biosecurity, but 98.21% have done routine sanitation. 94.75% of farmers do not know about infectious diseases of horses to human. 35.71% of farmers have suffered from diarrhea, 14.29% inflammation of the skin/ scabies/selakarang. It can be concluded that the implementation health management for horse in Pinabetengan village of Minahasa Regency is limited due to lack of farmers knowledge and education. Keywords: Management, health, horse cattle.

Anthelmintic Resistance in Equine Nematodes – A Review on the Current Situation, with Emphasis in Europe

Since the introduction of the last equine broad-spectrum anthelmintic group in the 1980’s, the investment in new drugs to control horse’s parasites did not result in new advancements. These drugs allowed a very effective and extensive control of equine nematodes through successful interval dosing programs, firstly introduced in the 1960’s. However, the widespread and indiscriminate use of anthelmintics in these intensive treatments have led to increasing resistance in the major equine nematodes. Reports of reduced effectiveness are virtually worldwide and repercussions in livestock production farms have already been seen.Based on recent questionnaires about horse farm practices, preventive measures and international recommendations, it is clear that most of them are still not being widely implemented. It is also clear that these recommendations are outdated and new approaches must be considered to correctly tackle this rapidly evolving issue in horse management, as more accurate diagnostic methods are currently available, such as Mini-FLOTAC. This article intends to do a general review of the history and current situation of anthelmintic resistance in horses, with emphasis in Europe, as well as, how to diagnose and delay or even prevent its further development, mentioning new methods of diagnostic and directions in which to develop research.

Central Kentuckians’ Willingness to Pay for Horse Farm Preservation

This study estimates the non-market value of horse farms of Central Kentucky’s equine economic cluster using a contingent valuation approach. Utilizing a payment card, respondents are asked to indicate how much they would be willing to pay in additional taxes for a hypothetical “horse farm preservation program.” Results from the study showed that, on average, a Central Kentucky household was willing to pay an additional $55.14–$67.78 in taxes annually to maintain the equine industry at its current levels. The additional taxes generated would compensate for lost tax revenue from development of the land.