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Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeEun Choe ◽  
Van Phan Le ◽  
Jihye Shin ◽  
Jae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Ki-Sun Kim ◽  
...  

Here, we examined the pathogenicity and genetic differences between classical swine fever viruses (CSFV) isolated on pig farms in North Vietnam from 2014–2018. Twenty CSFV strains from 16 pig farms were classified as genotype 2 (sub-genotypes 2.1b, 2.1c, and 2.2). The main sub-genotype, 2.1c, was classified phylogenetically as belonging to the same cluster as viruses isolated from the Guangdong region in South China. Strain HY58 (sub-genotype 2.1c), isolated from pigs in Vietnam, caused higher mortality (60%) than the Vietnamese ND20 strain (sub-genotype 2.2). The Vietnamese strain of sub-genotype 2.1b was estimated to have moderate virulence; indeed, genetic analysis revealed that it belongs to the same cluster as Korean CSFV sub-genotype 2.1b. Most CSFVs circulating in North Vietnam belong to sub-genotype 2.1c. Geographical proximity means that this genotype might continue to circulate in both North Vietnam and Southern China (Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan).


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawther Sayed Zaher ◽  
Wahid Hussein El-Dabae ◽  
Mostafa Mohamed El-Sebelgy ◽  
Naglaa Ibrahim Aly ◽  
Zeinab Taha Salama

Aim: This study aimed to detect and characterize current genotypes of canine parvovirus (CPV) in Egypt during 2018. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 fecal swabs were collected from clinically infected domestic dogs of 2-5 months of age, suspected to suffer from CPV infection, from Cairo and Giza Governorates. The samples were subjected to qualitative antigen detection using the rapid test, followed by isolation on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, molecular characterization with partial amplification of VP2 gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Out of 50 fecal samples, 20 samples were positive (40%) by Rapid CPV/canine coronavirus Ag Test Kit. These positive samples were cultured successfully on MDCK cells. Nine randomly chosen samples out of 30 apparently negative samples were amplified using PCR with primers Hfor and Hrev to yield a typical 630 bp fragment. Then, six randomly chosen samples out of nine were amplified using PCR with primers Pbs and Pbas to yield a typical 427 bp fragment. Sequencing, BLAST analysis and assembly of the two fragments (630 bp and 427 bp) to produce 912 bp fragments, in the six samples, revealed two serotypes CPV-2b and CPV-2c. The obtained strains were submitted to GenBank and given accession numbers MK642272, MK642273, MK642274, MK642275, MK642276, and MK642277. Phylogenetic analysis of the Egyptian strains serotype 2b illustrated that they were closely related to Thailand strains (accession numbers KP715709, KP715694, KP715701, and KP715700); while Egyptian strains serotype 2c was closely related to Thailand strains (accession numbers MH711894 and MH711902), Taiwanese strain (KU244254), Chinese strain (MF467242), and Vietnamese strain (accession number LC216910). Conclusion: The current research recommends further epidemiological studies to assess the extent of the occurrence of different serotypes of CPV in Egypt and the efficiency of imported and locally produced vaccines in protection against CPV infection.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Nga ◽  
Hà Thị Thu ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Hoa ◽  
Vũ Thị Hiền ◽  
Trần Thị Thu Hiền ◽  
...  

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) attenuated strain Hanvet1.VN has been developed by the Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Material J.S.C (HANVET) by passaging HY-2010 strain on MARC-145 cells for 80 passages and used for PRRS vaccine production. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the whole genome of the attenuated Hanvet1.VN strain. The total RNA was extracted from the Hanvet1.VN strain, RT-PCR was used for amplification of 15 separate segments of the whole genome. The amplified segments were cloned into the pCR2.1 vector and sequenced by Sanger sequencing. The sequences were analyzed with BioEdit and DNA Star Software. The results showed that, GP5 of the Hanvet1.VN attenuated strain had 100% identity in amino acid (aa) sequences with one of the pathogenic Vietnamese strain isolated in Quang Nam Province and had 98% identity with that of the Chinese 07NM strain. However, the identity of aa sequence of the Hanvet1.VN GP5 was much lower in the comparison with GP5 of VR2332, and it was only 87%. The MP and NP proteins were highly conserved compared with pathogenic strains circulating in Vietnam (07QN) and China (07NM) (99-100%, respectively). The other eight proteins of the Hanvet1.VN strain showed changes from 1.2% in NP1a to 3.9% in GP2 compared with the 07QN strain. However, the aa identity of all Hanvet1.VN proteins were very low when compared with proteins of PRRSV type II strain (North American strain, VR2332), ranged from 86.25% to 97.7%. Our results showed that the Hanvet1.VN attenuated vaccine strain had protective immunogenicity similar to that strain circulating in Vietnam closely related to a strain from China but different from the type II North American strain VR2332. Hence, for importing PRRSV vaccine, especially from American or Europe Countries, antigenic compatibility of the PRRSV vaccine and strains circulating in Vietnam should be concerned in PRRSV vaccine production.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 903-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
Sandeep K. Kushwaha ◽  
Diya Sen ◽  
Stephen C. Whisson ◽  
Kurt H. Lamour ◽  
...  

Phytophthora colocasiae is a phytopathogenic oomycete that causes leaf blight and corm rot on taro (Colocasia esculenta), an important staple crop in the tropics. The impact of P. colocasiae is a serious concern for food security in Asian and Oceanic regions. Vietnamese strain 7290 of P. colocasiae was sequenced (Illumina) to assemble a draft genome of 56.6 Mb, comprised of 19,853 scaffolds and 19,984 predicted protein-coding genes. As in other Phytophthora species, P. colocasiae possesses numerous pathogenicity-related genes, such as the RxLR class of effectors. This draft genome sequence of P. colocasiae provides a resource to underpin the first steps in determining the molecular mechanisms of disease development in this pathosystem.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
pp. e00307-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Thanh Tran ◽  
Hoang Vu Dang ◽  
Dung Tien Nguyen ◽  
Kohtaro Miyazawa ◽  
Takehiro Kokuho

ABSTRACT A Vietnamese strain of classical swine fever virus, VN91, was isolated in Hung Yen in 1991. While VN91 has been used as a challenge strain in efficacy tests of vaccines, its genetic background has never been described. Here, we report the genome sequence of the strain circulating in Vietnam.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Minh Thành ◽  
Peter Mather

Six microsatellites were used to characterize genetic diversity in three purebred giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) strains that originated from a diallel cross among two wild Vietnamese strain (Dong Nai and Mekong) and a third domesticated Hawaiian strain. All three purebred strains showed relatively high levels of genetic diversity with average number of alleles per locus (A) ranging from 13 to 15. Average observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities across loci were 0.84 to 0.89 and 0.87 to 0.89, respectively. Microsatellite data from the three purebred strains were pooled together as a basis for estimating the levels of genetic diversity in an synthetic hatchery population and this compared with data for genetic diversity in the three wild populations combined. No significant differences were observed in the relative levels of genetic diversity between the two combined populations. Average A, Ho, and He for the experimental vs. wild reference populations were 24.33 vs. 24.33, 0.87 vs. 0.90, and 0.94 vs. 0.95, respectively. Therefore, an experimental population formed by combining the genetic resources from three purebred strains showed non-significant loss of genetic diversity as a consequence of domestication process. Thus such a synthetic line can provide an important genetically diverse resource for the planned development of GFP culture in Vietnam.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Saito ◽  
Douangdao Soukaloun ◽  
Khampe Phongsavath ◽  
Bounlay Phommasack ◽  
Yoshihiro Makino

Phylogenetic analysis of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was conducted using core-premembrane and envelope gene sequence data of two strains from Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, in 1993 and five from Okinawa, Japan, in 2002 and 2003, and previously published strains. The two Vientiane strains designated as LaVS56 and LaVS145 belonged to genotype 1 (G1) and the same subcluster of G1 as Australian strain in 2000, Thai strains in 1982–1985 and 2004-2005, and Vietnamese strain in 2005, but were distinct from the subcluster of recently distributing G1 strains widely in Asia including Okinawan strains and recent Lao strain in 2009. These clusters with own distinct distributions indicated involvements of different mechanisms and routes of spreading viruses and clarified that Australian G1 strain is from Southeast Asia, not from East Asia. Both Vientiane strains were antigenically close to P19-Br (G1, isolate, Thailand), but distinct from Nakayama (G3, prototype strain, Japan), Beijing-1 (G3, laboratory strain, China), and JaGAr#01 (G3, laboratory strain, Japan), demonstrated by cross-neutralization tests using polyclonal antisera. These results together with seroepidemiologic study conducted in Vientiane strongly suggest that diversified JEV cocirculated there in early 1990s.


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