Bioprocess development for biosorption of cobalt ions and Congo red from aquatic mixture using Enteromorpha intestinalis biomass as sustainable biosorbent

Because of the increased amount of cobalt and Congo red dye effluents attributable to the industrial operations, the capacity of Enteromorpha intestinalis biomass as a sustainable source to achieve significant biosorption percent for both pollutants from dual solution was assessed. A fifty batch FCCCD experiments for biosorption of cobalt ions and Congo red dye were performed. The complete removal of Congo red dye was obtained at 36th run using an initial pH value of 10, 1.0 g/L of Enteromorpha intestinalis biomass, 100 and 200 mg/L of Congo red and cobalt for a 20-min incubation time. Meanwhile, a cobalt removal percent of 85.22 was obtained at 35th run using a neutral pH of 7.0, 3.0 g/L of algal biomass, 150 and 120 mg/L of Congo red, and cobalt for a 60-min incubation time. For further illustration and to interpret how the biosorption mechanism was performed, FTIR analysis was conducted to inspect the role of each active group in the biosorption process, it can be inferred that –OH, C–H, C=O, O–SO3- and C–O–C groups were mainly responsible for Co2+ adsorption of from aqueous dual solution. Also, scan electron microscope revealed the appearance of new shiny particles biosorbed on E. intestinalis surface after the biosorption process. EDS analysis proved the presence of Co2+ on the algal surface after the biosorption process.

Topologically twisted index of T[SU(N)] at large N

We compute, in the large N limit, the topologically twisted index of the 3d T[SU(N)] theory, namely the partition function on $$ {\Sigma}_{\mathfrak{g}}\times {S}^1 $$ Σ g × S 1 , with a topological twist on the Riemann surface $$ {\Sigma}_{\mathfrak{g}} $$ Σ g . To provide an expression for this quantity, we take advantage of some recent results obtained for five dimensional quiver gauge theories. In case of a universal twist, we correctly reproduce the entropy of the universal black hole that can be embedded in the holographically dual solution.

A Stability Analysis of Boundary Layer Stagnation-Point Slip Flow and Heat Transfer towards a Shrinking/Stretching Cylinder over a Permeable Surface

A stability analysis of dual solution for the problem of stagnation-point slip flow over a stretching or shrinking cylinder is studied. The partial differential equations governing will be transformed to a set of coupled nonlinear nonsimilar equations via similarity transformations. The transformed governing equations are solved numerically using the bvp4c function in MATLAB software. Numerical calculations exhibit the existence of dual solution and the implementation of stability analysis proved that the first solution is stable and physically realizable.

Effects of Laser Energy Deposition on the Transition Characteristics of Shock Reflection in the Dual Solution Domain

Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the transitional characteristics of shock reflections in the dual solution region using laser energy deposition. The numerical approach was validated by comparison to experimental results of the deposition laser energy in front of a blunt model. The simulation results show that the energy deposition in the freestream region can induce a transition of the shock reflection system and the transition characteristics can vary with the position and energy of the laser deposition. As the amount of energy increases, the time required for the transition also increases, and the transition cannot occur when the energy that is applied exceeds a certain level. The time required for the transition can be reduced when the position of energy deposition is moved downstream. The results also show that the transition does not occur regardless of the deposited energy when the laser energy is deposited on the symmetry line.