INTERFERENSI MORFOLOGI DAN SINTAKSIS BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM BERBICARA BAHASA ARAB KOMUNITAS AL-KINDY UIN MALANG

This research is based on the problem of morphological and syntactical first language interference which is often overlooked in second language learning. Interference problems result in misunderstanding the meaning of words or sentences spoken by students towards the second language used. This study attempts to analyze the Indonesian morphological and syntactical interference in speaking Arabic of Al-Kindy community UIN Malang, explaining the factors and implications of interference in learning speaking Arabic. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach, and the data are collected through observation by analyzing subject audio documentation data (listening technique- note-taking technique) and interviews. The results showed that members of the al-Kindy community experienced Indonesian morphological interference in word formation, merging/compounding, repetition/reduplication. Meanwhile, Indonesian syntactical interference occurs in: adding sentence elements, errors (sentence elements, sentence location, phrase formation), and missing sentence elements. The factors of the interference are bilingualism, vocabulary mastery, motivation, and psychology of speakers towards the Arabic used. Interference has implications for barriers and challenges in Arabic language learning. The barriers are in the intensity of language interference phenomena, so the language quality is stagnant, and the challenges are to make interference phenomena as motivation for learners to evaluate the language learning process better

The effects of topic familiarity on information completeness, fluency, and target language quality of student interpreters in Chinese–English consecutive interpreting

This study investigated the effects of topic familiarity on interpreting quality of eighteen Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) student interpreters in Chinese–English consecutive interpreting (CI) at a university in China. Data were collected from two interpreting tasks in a 2-hour interpreting course over a four-week period. The interpreting quality was assessed by using three analytic rating scales (i.e., information completeness, fluency of delivery, and target language quality) and a holistic rating. Semi-structured interviews with the students were conducted to gain some in-depth perceptions of the effects of topic familiarity on interpreting quality. The results showed that topic familiarity had significant effects on information completeness, fluency of delivery, target language quality, and holistic scores of the interpreting tasks. It was also found that topic familiarity strongly correlated with information completeness, fluency of delivery, target language quality, and holistic scores. The findings of the study indicate that topic familiarity should be included and highlighted in Chinese–English consecutive interpreting in classroom contexts. The study provides effective guidance for interpreting teaching, training, and research.

Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single-blind / Double-blind / Triple-blind / Open / Other (please describe) All accepted papers from ISMCT 2021 conference have been peer reviewed with triple-blind review type through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Conference submission management system: We use conference submission management system electronically with link https://seminar.tekmira.esdm.go.id/index.php/registration. This management system was affiliated with https://edas.info. • Number of submissions received: 137 papers • Number of submissions sent for review: 103 papers • Number of submissions accepted: 86 papers • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 62.77% • Average number of reviews per paper: three reviewers • Total number of reviewers involved: 97 reviewers • Any additional info on review process: Review description need to check: 1. Paper template (Title, affiliation, abstract, paper content, figure and table format, equation, references) 2. Originality 3. Novelty 4. Paper quality 5. Language quality (structure and grammar) • Contact person for queries: Name : Dr. Agus Wahyudi, M.T. Affiliation: R&D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology (Tekmira), Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Republic of Indonesia E-mail : [email protected]

Peer Review Declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administrated by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standard expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing • Type of peer review : Single-blind • Conference submission management system : Konfrenzi (Conference Management System) • Number of submissions received 152 • Number of submissions sent for review 102 • Number of submission accepted 91 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 59.86 % • Average number of review per paper 2 • Total number of reviewers involved 20 • Any additional info on review process: Review Timeline: 1. The manuscripts sent to the guest editors for initial checking, including format, similarity, and language quality. 1st round = Abstract paper submission : 1th June - 14th June 2021 Abstract acceptance notification : 17th June 2021 Full paper submission : 21th June - 10th July 2021 Payment : 11th August - 16th August 2021 2st round = Abstract paper submission : 15th June - 12th July 2021 Abstract acceptance notification : 15th July 2021 Full paper submission : 19th July - 1st August 2021 Payment : 30th August - 5th September 2021 2. The manuscripts which is accepted by the editors, were sent to the reviewer for substantial evaluation. Among 102 manuscripts that were reviewed, 91 manuscripts were accepted for submitting to IOP EES. The manuscripts were sent back to the authors 1st round = Review result notification : 22th July 2021 2st round = Review result notification : 14th August 2021 3. The authors sent the manuscripts for confirming the revisions to the guest editor 1st round = Revised paper submission : 26th July - 09th August 2021 2st round = Revised paper submission : 17th August - 28th August 2021 4. The guest editor asked the authors for signing the transfer agreement and answering the editorial comment (if any) Authors transfer agreement : 20th September 2021 - 27th September 2021 5. The guest editor performed layout format, similarity, and language check. Second check : 27th September 2021 - 8th October 2021 6. The manuscripts were transferred to IOP EES IOP transfer : 9th October 2021 • Contact person for queries: Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan ([email protected]) Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Efficiency of Machine Translation in Urban Discourse

This article aims to analyze the use of Yandex.Translate, an online machine translation system, in translating urban discourse texts on the web. The authors use integrative linguistic-and-pragmatic approach to assess machine translation quality in a global digital setting. The aim is to show the efficiency of a state-of-the-art machine translation system and to investigate its usefulness in practical application. The authors perform a detailed analysis of the Paris city website content, which is automatically translated from French into Russian with Yandex.Translate. The data selection is justified by the absence of official foreign versions of this website, which points to the need of machine translation engines integrated in a web browser. Less than 20% of the analysed machine-translated texts demonstrate high language quality, whereas 60% can be referred to as acceptable – the text preserves the meaning of the source but contains some errors and inaccuracies in the target language. About 20% of the machine-translated text contains blunders, which violate Russian language norms. It causes source text contents distortion and communication failures. In the end, a classification of the system errors is presented. It is also concluded that machine translation would substitute middle-skilled human translators in the future. However, the use of such systems will enforce standardisation and simplification of the target language.

Academic English Program Evaluation of the Foundation Year at Saudi Petroleum Services Polytechnic College: Trainees and EFL Instructors’ Perceptions

The main reason of conducting this study is grounded on my rational to provide further guidance to curriculum staff in my professional context, College of Saudi Petroleum Services Polytechnic (SPSP), to develop the current English program taught to vocational trainees to prepare them to their future jobs at petroleum services industry in Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, the graduates’ spoken language is inadequate at their worksites and therefore their employers are relatively dissatisfied with the language quality of their manpower. Accordingly, I have decided to explore the speaking skill aspects in the existing English curriculum to value its effectiveness in improving and helping the academic staff to produce fluent speakers of English at oil industry workplaces. Based on my study findings, I have found that it is relatively difficult to assign a language course book which meets all the needs of trainees at vocational training institutions because their working environment needs specific learning objectives for learning job-related language. In my research and professional experience, as a researcher in language curriculum development as well as being a language instructor at a vocational training college, I can conclude that the solution to solve language learning and its implication at workplace is to develop EAP/ESP language program based on specific instructional objectives driven from the actual needs assessment at the target workplaces and their intended learning outcomes could be aligned with both learning and teaching activities and assessment tasks using the constructive alignment principles as the constructive alignment framework could be effective in structuring and designing aligned curriculum to meet the intended goals of these contexts, especially vocational training centers and higher education institutions.

Understanding and Improving Subjective Measures in Human-Computer Interaction

In Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), research has shifted from a focus on usability and performance towards the holistic notion of User Experience (UX). Research into UX places special emphasis on concepts from psychology, such as emotion, trust, and motivation. Under this paradigm, elaborate methods to capture the richness and diversity of subjective experiences are needed. Although psychology offers a long-standing tradition of developing self-reported scales, it is currently undergoing radical changes in research and reporting practice. Hence, UX research is facing several challenges, such as the widespread use of ad-hoc questionnaires with unknown or unsatisfactory psychometric properties, or a lack of replication and transparency. Therefore, this thesis contributes to several gaps in the research by developing and validating self-reported scales in the domain of user motivation (manuscript 1), perceived user interface language quality (manuscript 2), and user trust (manuscript 3). Furthermore, issues of online research and practical considerations to ensure data quality are empirically examined (manuscript 4). Overall, this thesis provides well-documented templates for scale development, and may help improve scientific rigor in HCI.

Lingwoekologia – ochrona języka przed człowiekiem i człowieka przed językiem

What should be considered the central problem of linguaecology is the issue of protection of language quality (its various manners of existence: language use, system as well as individual and collective linguistic awareness) against destructive human impact, in particular culture, and protection of human health (individuals and human communities) against harmful language. The ecological nature of linguistic communication is determined not only by its axiological (emotional and moral) dimension but also, and foremost, by the intention not to harm oneself and others. In order to meet the challenges of our times (from climate crisis to hate speech), we need to oppose the view that human beings are selfi sh and aggressive by nature. This view contributes to us becoming like that. However, the true human nature is different: human beings are decent, they are homo cooperans. Keywords: ecology – language – human being – emotions – morality – ecological communication – homo cooperans

Hva er viktig for forståelse? Om maskinoversetting fra nordsamisk

The article presents a rule-based machine translation system from Northern Sami to Norwegian. The grammatical analysis is done with Giellatekno and Divvun's North Sami program for analysis and translation. We have written the transfer component (transfer lexicon and grammatical rules) within the framework of the open machine translation system Apertium. The article contains an evaluation of translated text for two different domains. The translated texts score better on the presentation of the content than on fluent language. By classifying the errors into lexical, grammatical and pragmatic errors, we show that lexical errors are the most harmful for text comprehension. The other two types of errors give a poor language quality, but they have little effect on comprehension. The type of error that is the easiest to correct is the lexical, which is a promising conclusion for the development of a machine translation system for text comprehension.

Diagnostic Decisions of Language Complexity Using Informal Language Assessment Measures

Purpose: The current study aimed to understand the clinical decision-making skills of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) using narrative and expository discourse information from three sources: perception of language through listening to language alone, standardized criterion-referenced narrative assessment data, and word- and morpheme-level language sample analysis data. Method: Twenty-eight current school-based SLPs participated in the study. During this study, participants rated language quality and made decisions regarding the provision of language services after being provided information from informal assessment measures. Results: SLPs' ratings of language quality and complexity varied across the story retell, wordless picture book generation, and expository samples. There was a lack of consistency in ratings within each context across areas of clarity, sample complexity, language complexity, and vocabulary across all SLPs. Self-reported factors that influenced SLPs' ratings included components of structure, syntax, and semantics. SLPs did not indicate a need for services after listening alone. When provided with criterion-referenced narrative assessment scores and word- and morpheme-level language sample data, more SLPs made a recommendation for services. Conclusions: The study demonstrates the need for objective language measure data during diagnostic decision making. Additionally, SLPs may not realize the information obtained from real-time perception, and analysis of language samples may be an unreliable and inconsistent picture of a child's language abilities. The results of this study highlight the need to continue to rely on multiple sources of assessment data. SLPs should continue to incorporate systematic methods to minimize variability of perceptions in the process of making diagnostic decisions. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17707451