Translation as a Linguistics Process: A Case Study of the Concept of Equivalence in Translation TL----SL

In this study, the linguistics processes guiding the concept of equivalence in translation of Source Language and Target Language are vividly discussed. When translating from one language to another, it's necessary to decode the source text and look for an acceptable translation in the target language. The main purpose of this paper is to explain the concept Equivalence in Translation to this end. The data used were drawn from some Yoruba lexical words, idioms, proverbs and figurative expressions as well as its English equivalents. According to the most authoritative research in the fields of grammar and sociolinguistics, grammatical analysis is insufficient to explain the nature of language. The results also show that knowledge of a language is a composite of knowledge of a language's structure and usage in a socio-cultural setting.

Interjective phraseological units (comparative analysis based on russian and kabardino-circassian languages)

The main purpose of the work is to study, typologize interjective phraseological units of the Kabardino-Circassian language and compare them with the Russian language, to establish common and different both in semantic meaning and in the ways of their formation. To achieve this goal, a review of the leading research papers on the topic under development was carried out. In our research, we carried out the following methodological operations: description, scientific, grammatical analysis, comparison, comparison, classification. The study proves that MFIs have the same functions and characteristics as interjections and phraseological units: they express emotions and feelings; they are not members of a sentence; they coincide with the utterance in meaning; they have increased emotionality; they are a determinant of the national specifics, culture and history of each ethnic group. They can enter into synonymous series, as well as independent words, and meet the requirements imposed on such units: they express one concept, are interchangeable, correspond to the emotional content.

Exploring Sociopolitical and Religious Meanings from a BBC News on a Terror Attack: A Functional Linguistic Analysis.

This study is a functional grammatical analysis of BBC news on a New York attack where eight were killed by a man driving a truck by the application of Halliday’s Systematic Functional Grammar (SFG). By analysing the systems of grammar at the clause level, I show that the text at the discourse level makes different meaning across the news. Sayfullo Saipov, an immigrant who came to the US in 2010, has developed negative actions such as killing eight people, hurting 11, aiming at innocents, striking cyclists, hitting a school bus, injuring adults and children, and in all of his actions eventually “the innocent” are affected as a goal. Another significant goal i.e. “note” was found which shows his cohesion with the so-called Islamic States. Nevertheless, they are using the name of “Islam” but they don’t know or they don’t follow the script of Islam or at least the basics of Islam, it proven by the killer are all actions because according to The Holy Quran” killing a single innocent is even strongly prohibited in Islam, it is like killing the whole humanity. Identifying and attributing processes have identified here “The attack” as a “terrible” incident which is done by the attacker and attributing processes ascribe “bad qualities” of carriers (the attacker). The Killer is the highest number of “Actor” in terms of the transitivity process, which means he is in a “destructive power”. The police are the second-highest “actor” who performs some physical actions such as shooting the driver, arresting the driver, taking the attacker to hospital. The situation was going to get ugly by the killer’s actions and for this reason; the police accomplish these professional actions to make meaning of “safety of innocent”. The killer is a “single” person but his negative actions convulsed the whole city even whole country, and all big names like President, City mayor, police commissioner immediately were made get involved into “verbal actions” interfering, and reacting, saying, commenting etc. Thus the study frets out some significant meaning through grammar choices in the news genre in question.

Automated Writing Support for Swedish Learners

This paper describes a tool developed for lexical and grammatical analysis of Swedish text and providing automated feedback for language learners. The system looks for words and word sequences that are likely to contain errors and suggests how to correct them using different non-neural models. The feedback consists of alternative word and word sequence suggestions and morphological features which need to be corrected. Although the system is able to provide reasonable feedback which is believed to be useful for language learners, it still needs further improvements to address the drawbacks such as low precision.

Ecology, physics, process philosophies, Buddhism, Daoism, and language: A case study of William Golding’s The Inheritors and Pincher Martin

Much has been written about the ecological perspectives of Buddhism and Daoism, as examples of philosophies which emphasize process, impermanence, interconnectedness, and compassion for nature. And the interconnectedness of the various elements of the biosphere and the Earth’s crust is the basis of ecological Gaia theory. Some physicists and process philosophers have drawn attention to the inadequacies of European languages to represent the world of quantum reality, radical undifferentiated wholeness and interconnectedness, and the dynamism and uncontrollability of the material world. Notable among these were physicists David Bohm and David Peat, who looked to Blackfoot, an Algonquin language of North America, for a better representation of the natural world as interacting processes. This article explores some of the commonalities between Buddhism/Daoism, process philosophies, modern physics and ecological theory. It then addresses the question of the affordances different languages and grammars provide for a deep ecological representation in tune with quantum physics and Buddhism/Daoism. The climax of the article starts with the work of Michael Halliday on the local grammar of William Golding’s The Inheritors (Golding, William. 1961 [1955]. The Inheritors. London: Faber), and performs a similar grammatical analysis of two passages from Golding’s later work Pincher Martin (Golding, William. 1956. Pincher Martin. London: Faber). It concludes that the Neanderthal mind style and life style in The Inheritors and the world of the drowning Pincher Martin are represented in a grammatical style more appropriate for a Buddhist/Daoist/quantum physics/deep ecological worldview of human interaction with the natural world.

Mari Kawan, Kita Bersahabat

Amsal 17:17 merekam dengan baik tentang seorang sahabat yang sangat mengagumkan dan tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menemukan makna dibalik teks tersebut. Dalam kerangka itu tulisan ini juga memuat upaya reinterpretasi terhadap kata צרה yang oleh Lembaga Alkitab Indonesia diterjemahkan sebagai “kesukaran”. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah historical background dan grammatical analysis. Melalui kedua pendekatan tersebut penulis menemukan makna dari figur seorang sahabat menurut Amsal 17:17 yakni sahabat adalah ia yang ikut terjun merasakan kemalangan atau situasi yang sangat sulit dari sahabatnya namun pada saat yang sama ia juga mengalami kesulitan dalam dirinya karena cintanya kepada sang sahabatnya, ia bergumul tentang bagaimana ia sendiri akan menempatkan dirinya (melahirkan dirinya) bak seorang saudara bagi sahabatnya. Temuan berikutnya, dari hasil penelusuran terhadap kata “kesukaran” yang berangkat dari kata צרה penulis mengusulkan agar sebaiknya diterjemahkan dengan kata “kemalangan” atau “kesengsaraan” atau tetap pada arti “kesukaran” namun dengan sense “kemalangan” atau “kesengsaraan”.

KASIH ALLAH AKAN DUNIA INI: PANGGILAN UMAT KRISTEN UNTUK MENGASIHI INDONESIA (GOD'S LOVE FOR THIS WORLD: CHRISTIANS CALL TO LOVE INDONESIA)

Some church leaders say that Christians should hate and stay away from this world. This world will be destroyed. This has an impact on the indifference of Christians to the future of this world, including the future of the Indonesian state. Some Christians have the opinion that the most important thing is the new world (heaven). The text of John 3:16 gives us deep meaning in how we view the world (Indonesia). The research method used in this article is biblical ecegesis with a syntactic and semantic grammatical analysis approach. The result of this research is that God loves this world. By loving this world, every Christian is also called and involved to love, which is to care for this world, including the Indonesian nation. Sebagian pemimpin gereja mengatakan bahwa umat Kristen harus membenci dan menjauh dari dunia ini. Dunia ini akan hancur. Hal ini memiliki dampak pada ketidakpedulian umat Kristen terhadap masa depan dunia ini, termasuk masa depan negara Indonesia. Sebagian umat Kristen memiliki anggapan bahwa yang terpenting adalah dunia baru (sorga). Teks Yohanes 3:16 memberikan kita makna yang dalam bagaimana kita memandang dunia ini (Indonesia). Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada artikel ini adalah eksegesis biblis dengan pendekatan analisa gramatika sintaksis dan semantik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Allah mengasihi dunia ini. Dengan mengasihi dunia ini, maka setiap umat Kristen juga dipanggil dan terlibat untuk mengasihi, yaitu memelihara dunia ini, termasuk bangsa Indonesia.

The Epistemology of Psychology from a Perspective of Wittgenstein’s Grammatical Analysis

This article evaluates Wittgenstein’s possible contributions to an epistemology of psychology. Although the author admittedly neither proposes an epistemology nor examines specific issues of psychology as a science, we understand that his reflections on the meaning of psychological concepts may contribute to a better understanding of psychology as a science, which involves understanding its object and methods. With that goal in mind and based on the concept of language developed in his second phase, especially in his work Philosophical Investigations, we retrace his efforts to obtain a picture of the grammar of psychological concepts, emphasizing two of its aspects: first, the place and role of first‑person expressive propositions in the psychological language-game and second, how this understanding of the perspective of the first person implies in refusing to reduce explanations of human behavior to causal explanations in favor of explanations based on reasons.

Linguistic and cultural analysis of the gender characteristics of British song slang

The article establishes the linguacultural gender specifics of the British song slang. All languages are constantly changing, slang invades the vocabulary of people (male and female). Of research, interest is the definition of slang, its origin, the vital need for human communication. The purpose of the study is to identify the gender characteristics of British song slang. Slang as a language system of modern linguistics is considered. In the article, main features and gender characteristics of British slang are described. The authors analyze the song slang of female and male performers and compare the song slang of performers of both sexes. The methods of research are descriptive method, comparative analysis, definitional analysis, lexical and semantic analysis, lexical and grammatical analysis, stylistic analysis, interpretive analysis, quantitative analysis, involving a continuous sample. The material of the study was songs by modern British male and female performers. The theoretical significance of the study is to identify the features of modern British song slang. Research results contribute to the development of lexicology and stylistics of the English language, to contrastive linguistics, linguoculturology. The establishment of the gender specificity of British musical slang contributes to the development of linguistic gender studies. The practical application of the research results is revealed in the possibility of teaching courses in English lexicology, stylistics, and gender linguistics, as well as compiling a linguistic dictionary of modern musical culture.