Design and Research of Carbon Deposition Device Based on Detecting and Cleaning Gasoline Engine Cylinder

When checking and cleaning whether there is carbon deposit in the cylinder of gasoline engine, it is often time-consuming and laborious, and the process is complicated. Once the disassembly and assembly is not in place, its service life will be affected. When cleaning with carburizing agent and cleaning agent, it is difficult to fully contact with the cylinder wall, so the cleaning effect is poor and it is easy to leave its chemical composition in the engine. In this paper, some common ways of engine cylinder cleaning are studied, and a device for detecting and cleaning carbon deposition in gasoline engine cylinder is designed. The purpose is to provide a new convenient, simple and practical method for detecting and cleaning carbon deposition in automobile engine cylinder in the current market.

Effect of Ruthenium and Cerium Oxide (IV) Promotors on the Removal of Carbon Deposit Formed during the Mixed Methane Reforming Process

This work investigates the effect of the addition of Ru and CeO2 on the process of gasification of carbon deposits formed on the surface of a nickel catalyst during the mixed methane reforming process. Activity studies of the mixed methane reforming process were carried out on (Ru)-Ni/CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts at the temperature of 650–750 °C. The ruthenium-promoted catalyst exhibited the highest activity. Carbonized post-reaction catalyst samples were tested with the TOC technique to investigate the carbonization state of the samples. The bimetallic catalyst had the lowest amount of carbon deposit (1.5%) after reaction at 750 °C. The reactivity of the carbon species was assessed in mixtures of oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and water. Regardless of the gasifying agent used, the carbon deposit was removed from the surface of the catalytic system. The overall mechanism of mixed methane reforming over Ru and CeO2 was shown.

Analysis of the Morphology and Structure of Carbon Deposit Formed on the Surface of Ni3Al Foils as a Result of Thermocatalytic Decomposition of Ethanol

This article presents the results of investigations of the morphology and structure of carbon deposit formed as a result of ethanol decomposition at 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C without water vapour and with water vapour (0.35 and 1.1% by volume). scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) observations as well as energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopic analyses allowed for a comprehensive characterization of the morphology and structure of cylindrical carbon nanostructures present on the surface of the Ni3Al catalyst. Depending on the reaction mixture composition (i.e., water vapour content) and decomposition temperature, various carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibres (CNTs/CNFs) were observed: multiwalled carbon nanotubes, herringbone-type multiwall carbon nanotubes, cylindrical carbon nanofibers, platelet carbon nanofibers, and helical carbon nanotubes/nanofibres. The discussed carbon nanostructures exhibited nickel nanoparticles at the ends and in the middle part of the carbon nanostructures as catalytically active centres for efficient ethanol decomposition.

Anodic Performance of BaO-Added Ni/SDC for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Fed With Dry CH4

SOFCs fed with dry H2 and CH4 fuels were examined using 20 wt% Ni/SDC and 0.2 wt% BaO-added 20 wt% Ni/SDC [Ni(BaO)/SDC] anodes. The i–v characteristics of the cells in H2 and CH4 resulted in a higher output produced by CH4 fuel compared to that produced by H2 fuel in both anodes. In both fuels, better anode characteristics were obtained for Ni(BaO)/SDC. Consequently, the anodic performance was in the order of Ni(BaO)/SDC in CH4 > Ni/SDC in CH4 > Ni(BaO)/SDC in H2 > Ni/SDC in H2. A significant carbon deposition was observed in the Ni/SDC anode in CH4, but the carbon deposition observed in Ni(BaO)/SDC was less. From the DC electrical resistance measurement of the anode films, a remarkable decrease in resistance was observed in Ni/SDC due to the carbon deposition after CH4 exposure. The resistance of Ni(BaO)/SDC was higher than that of Ni/SDC and did not change even after CH4 exposure because of the less carbon deposit. The high dispersibility of Ni particles was confirmed in both anodes and was particularly remarkable in Ni(BaO)/SDC. The highest anodic performance in Ni(BaO)/SDC was attributed to the high Ni dispersibility which might promote CH4 decomposition by producing less carbon deposit. It was speculated that the higher cell output in CH4 than that in H2 is due to the locally high concentration of H2 and/or CO gas on the anode surface by the promotion of CH4 decomposition.

Исследование прохождения электронов с энергией 10 keV через керамический макроканал

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the passage of electrons through a ceramic macrocapillary with energy of 10 keV in the position when the axis of the channel is parallel to the axis of the incident beam. Measurements were made of the current and energy spectrum of electrons passing through the channel, depending on the value of the current of the beam incident into it and the irradiation time of the channel. The change in the transmission of electrons through the sample as a function of time after the formation of a conductive carbon deposit on the inner surface of both ends of the channel is demonstrated.