Efeito de intervenções aquáticas sobre os sintomas da fibromialgia: uma revisão

Introdução: Síndrome da fibromialgia é uma condição idiopática crônica de dor musculoesquelética generalizada que afeta principalmente as mulheres. Objetivo deste estudo é investigar na literatura os efeitos de intervenções aquáticas na fibromialgia em relação a parâmetros físicos e psicológicos, e os principais métodos de avaliação. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nos bancos de dados Embase, PubMed e Scielo com os descritores: Fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia Syndrome, Aquatic exercise e Water exercise, totalizando 23 artigos. Resultados: Terapias aquáticas são recomendadas como tratamento pelos seus benefícios. A imersão na água permite a reprodução de movimentos de maneira segura e variada minimizando os impactos quando comparados aos exercícios no solo. Pacientes com fibromialgia relatam a sensação de relaxamento e alívio dos sintomas, após a prática de atividade em meio aquático. Conclusão: Intervenções aquáticas apresentam-se como recursos terapêuticos eficientes para o tratamento da dor e melhora da qualidade de vida de pessoas com fibromialgia.

AN IMPACT OF LAND AEROBICS AND WATER EXERCISE ON CARDIO VASCULAR ENDURANCE PERFORMANCE AMONG COLLEGE MEN STUDENTS

The purpose of the study was to find out the Impact of Land Aerobics and Water Exercise on Cardio Respiratory Endurance Performance among college men Students. To attain the purpose Sixty (N=60) College men students were selected. The subjects were selected equally into three groups of 20 each namely; land aerobics group, water aerobics group and control group. Cardiovascular endurance was selected as dependent variable for this study and it was assessed by Cooper’s 12 minutes run/walk test. The training was resisted to 12 weeks and the number of sessions was limited to 3 days per week. The data for pre and post intervention was taken. Independent ‘t’ test showed significant differences (0.05 Level) in Cardiovascular endurance among the groups. Land Aerobics are superior than Water Aerobics in Cardiovascular endurance. The present study demonstrated that differences in Cardiovascular endurance among Land and Water Aerobic and Control group. Land Aerobic Exercise may have potential role of increasing Cardiovascular endurance. KEYWORDS: Land Aerobics, water Aerobics Cardiovascular endurance.

The Effect of Eight Weeks Aquatic Therapy on Quality of Life, Movement Performance and Pain in Men With Fibromyalgia

Background and Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a watercourse on the quality of life, pain, balance, and handgrip in men with fibromyalgia. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical population consists of men 40-50 years old with fibromyalgia in Tehran City. Among the available subjects who were purposefully selected, 30 were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Quality of life was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire, perceived pain severity by visual grading scale, and strength using a manual dynamometer. Results: The results showed that 8 weeks of water exercise had a significant effect on the quality of life (P=0.0001), pain (P=0.0001), and strength gain in men with fibromyalgia (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Water exercise can improve men’s quality of life, strength, and pain perception with fibromyalgia.

Evaluating the effect of a water exercise routine on the postural stability of the elderly

Background: Postural stability enables humans to maintain the center of mass of their body within their base of support. Nevertheless, over time, such stability is affected by different factors such as age, repetitive strain, and accidents. Although studies in this field have investigated the effectiveness of hydrotherapy, only a few of them have explored its influence on postural stability, which is reflected in a lack of research that estimates its impact on rehabilitation. Aim: To determine the immediate and final effects of an aquatic routine protocol on the postural stability of elderly subjects. Methods: The postural stability of 20 adults over 60 years of age was analyzed using electromyographic and baropodometric methods. Electromyographic signals were obtained from the tibialis anterior, soleus, both gastrocnemius, vastus medialis, and biceps femoris to calculate the coactivation percentage of the muscles in charge of postural stability. The baropodometric data were collected to analyze the area of the stabilometric ellipse, mean plantar pressure, and weight distribution percentage. Results: The outcome of both methods revealed improvements in the elderly patients after the aquatic routine protocol was applied, which indicates that the type of water exercises implemented in this study has positive effects on their postural stability. Conclusion: The postural stability of the elderly participants was improved after each session because their stability index decreased along with the electrical activity of some muscle pairs, their body weight was better distributed, and the area of body oscillation was reduced. However, this effect was immediate and not final.

Elaboration of a Low-Cost Aquatic Ergometric Bicycle

After a visit to a hydrotherapy laboratory, limited resources for use in lower limbs were noted. For this reason, the goal is to design a water bike from low-cost material. The process took place in three phases: (1) project carried out, (2) prototype construction and (3) bicycle construction. The confection was divided into six parts; the materials used were polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes for the construction of sewer system. In addition to PVC materials, other products were used: two plastic pedals; a gel saddle, a seat post, two cranksets, a pipe clamp, a central shaft, two industrial bearings, three 40-millimeter aluminum cylinders and four suction cups. The final product was measured 69 centimeters (cm) in width, 59.05 cm in length; as the seat can be adjusted, the height varies. The prototype ranges from 73 to 102 cm in height and supports up to 85 kilograms (kg). It is concluded that although there is a limitation as to the design of the final product due to the limited formats of the PVC connections and as to the adaptations that must be made so that the final product can support a considerable weight, it is feasible to make a low-cost water exercise bike using PVC as the main material that can be used in the pool. It is noteworthy, however, that this product will still be tested to ascertain functionality as for equipment for clinical practice. Keywords: Hydrotherapy. Low-Cost Technology. PVC Pipes. ResumoApós a visita em um laboratório de hidroterapia denotou-se a limitação de recursos para membros inferiores. Devido a isso, o objetivo é elaborar uma bicicleta aquática de material de baixo custo. O processo se deu em três fases: (1) design realizado, (2) produção do protótipo e a (3) construção da bicicleta. A confecção foi dividida em seis partes; os materiais utilizados foram tubos de Policloreto de vinila (PVC) para esgoto predial. Além de materiais de PVC foram utilizados outros produtos: dois pedais de plástico; um selim de gel, um canote, dois pedivelas, uma braçadeira de tubo, um eixo central, dois rolamentos industriais, três cilindros de alumínios 40 milímetros e quatro ventosas. O produto final teve como medida 69 centímetros (cm) de largura, 59,05 cm de comprimento; como o banco pode ser regulado, a altura varia. o protótipo varia entre 73 a 102 cm de altura e suporta até 85 quilogramas. Conclui-se então que embora haja limitação quanto ao design do produto final por conta dos limitados formatos das conexões de PVC e quanto à adaptações que devem ser feitas para que o produto final consiga suportar um peso considerável, é viável a confecção de uma bicicleta ergométrica aquática de baixo custo utilizando o PVC como material principal e que pode ser utilizada na piscina. Destaca-se, entretanto, que este produto ainda será testado para averiguar a funcionalidade quanto equipamento para a prática clínica. Palavras-chave: Hidroterapia. Tecnologia de Baixo Custo. Tubulações de PVC.

Effectiveness of Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Water Exercise during Pregnancy on Quality of Life and Postpartum Depression: A Multi-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The global prevalence of postpartum depression is about 20%. This disease has serious consequences for women, their infants, and their families. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of a moderate-intensity aerobic water exercise program on postpartum depression, sleep problems, and quality of life in women at one month after delivery. Methods: This was a multi-center, parallel, randomized, evaluator blinded, controlled trial in a primary care setting. Pregnant women (14–20 weeks gestational age) who had low risk of complications and were from five primary care centers in the area covered by the obstetrics unit of Son Llatzer Hospital (Mallorca, Spain) were invited to participate. A total of 320 pregnant women were randomly assigned to two groups, an intervention group (moderate aquatic aerobic exercise) and a control group (usual prenatal care). One month after birth, sleep quality (MOS sleep), quality of life (EQ-5D), and presence of anxiety or depression (EPDS) were recorded. Findings: Women in the intervention group were less likely to report anxiety or depression on the EQ5D (11.5% vs. 22.7%; p < 0.05) and had a lower mean EPDS score (6.1 ± 1.9 vs. 6.8 ± 2.4, p < 0.010). The two groups had no significant differences in other outcomes, maternal adverse events, and indicators of the newborn status. Conclusion: Moderate-intensity aquatic exercise during pregnancy decreased postpartum anxiety and depressive symptoms in mothers and was safe for mothers and their newborns.

A pilot study of aquatic prehabilitation in adults with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty – short term outcome

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is increasingly more prevalent and significant number of patients require knee arthroplasty. Although knee arthroplasty is generally successful, it takes months to recover physical function. Preoperative physical function is known to predict postoperative outcomes and exercise can improve preoperative physical function. However, patients with KOA have difficulty exercise on land due to pain and stiffness, while water exercise can be better tolerated. We hypothesized that preoperative water exercise to improve preoperative physical function will improve postoperative outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods We enrolled 43 participants who were scheduled for elective TKA in 4–8 weeks and scored at or below 50th percentile in mobility assessment tool-sf (MAT-sf). All enrolled participants were assessed on 1) clinical osteoarthritis symptom severity using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), 2) physical function using Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 3) self-reported mobility using Mobility Assessment Tool-short form (MAT-sf), 4) depression using Geriatric Depression Scale-short form (GDS-sf), 5) cognitive function using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Blood samples for high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were stored at − 80 °C then all samples were analyzed together. All the enrolled participants were randomly assigned to the aquatic exercise intervention (AEI) or usual care group. Sixty minute sessions of AEI was conducted three times a week for 4–8 weeks. Participants in both groups were evaluated within 1 week before their scheduled surgery, as well as 4 weeks after the surgery. Results The mean age was 67.1 (±6.2), 44% were female, 74% were White. There is no statistically significant difference in combined outcome of any complication, unscheduled ER visit, and disposition to nursing home or rehab facility by AEI. However, AEI was associated with more favorable outcomes: WOMAC scores (p < 0.01), chair-stand (p = 0.019), MAT-sf as well as improved depression (p = 0.043) and cognition (p = 0.008). Conclusion 4–8 weeks of aquatic exercise intervention resulted in improved functional outcomes as well as improved depression and cognition in elderly patients undergoing TKA. A larger study is warranted to explore the role of water exercise in clinical and functional outcomes of TKA.