Six Honest Serving Matters, Teaching Us all We Need to Know About Context in Knowledge Implementation?; Comment on "Stakeholder Perspectives of Attributes and Features of Context Relevant to Knowledge Translation in Health Settings: A Multi-Country Analysis"

While context is a vital factor in any attempt to study knowledge translation or implement evidence in healthcare, there is a need to better understand the attributes and relations that constitute context. A recent study by J. Squires et al. investigates such attributes and definitions, based on 39 stakeholder interviews across Australia, Canada, the UK, and the USA. Sixteen attributes, comprising 30 elements suggested as new findings, are proposed as the basis for a framework. This commentary argues for the need to incorporate more perspectives but also suggests an initial taxonomy rather than a framework, comprising a wider range of stakeholders and an enhanced understanding of how context elements are related at different levels and how this affects implementation processes. Aligning with person-centred care, this must include not only professionals but also patients and their next of kin, as partners in shaping more evidence-based healthcare.

EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF MOBILE TELEPHONE COMPANIES

Purpose: Knowledge management practices in general were found to influence organization performance as there is increased awareness of information that is critical to achieving the organization’s mission. The general objective of the study was to establish the effect of knowledge management practices on performance of mobile telephone companies. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that knowledge management practices in general influences organization performance in various ways including, knowledgeable employees, better decision making in the organization, improved service offering to client, reduced operational costs, improved organizational competitiveness. This is mainly so because there is increased awareness of information that is critical to achieving the organization’s mission. The order of significance of the effect of knowledge management practices on performance of mobile telephone companies in starting with the most significant to the least is; knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, knowledge acquisition, knowledge implementation and knowledge storage respectively. Recommendations: The study points out that for effective organization administration organizations need to create a central repository system to store and retrieve information on organization reports cards, feedback on student progression, coordination of organization schedules, organization suspension, finances and other professional development which will have an overall effect on organization performance. Organizations should also install internet services and computers in order to share knowledge and improve the organization’s efficiency, performance, and competitiveness

A New Approach to Food Safety Training: A Review of a Six-Step Knowledge Sharing Model

Significant resources including both human and financial capital have been dedicated to developing and delivering food handler training programs to meet government and organizational mandates. Even with the plethora of food safety-oriented training programs, there is scant empirical evidence documenting their effectiveness suggesting the need to rethink the design and delivery of food safety training for food handlers. One underlying assumption of most training programs is that food handlers engage in unsafe practices because of lack of knowledge. As a result, many training curricula are designed to improve knowledge assuming behavior will change as knowledge increases. However, food handlers often return to their work environment and try to implement their new knowledge with minimal success. One explanation for this is that the training context and the implementation context often differ making it difficult for the food handler to transfer what they learned into practice. Understanding the connection between knowledge, the organization, and its environment is critical to knowledge implementation. The focus of this review is to describe a six-step knowledge sharing model. Here, knowledge sharing is broadly defined as the process of creating then using knowledge in order to change a practice or behavior. Our proposed knowledge sharing model is comprised of six steps: generation, adaptation, dissemination, reception, adoption, and implementation. We have organized this model into two dyads: (1) transfer between researcher (i.e., knowledge generators) and educator and (2) transfer between educator and food handler (i.e., knowledge implementers). In order to put into practice this proposed model for developing and delivering effective food safety training for food handlers, suggested actions that can be performed within each step of the knowledge sharing process have been provided.

Analisis Dan Penerapan Algoritma K-Means Dalam Strategi Promosi Kampus Akademi Maritim Suaka Bahari

The process of accepting new cadet candidates at the Maritime Academy of Marine Sanctuary every year, produces a lot of data in the form of profiles of prospective cadets. The activity caused a large accumulation of data, it became difficult to identify prospective cadets. This research discusses the application of data mining to generate profiles that have similar attributes. One of the data mining techniques used to identify a group of objects that have the same characteristics is Cluster Analysis. The data clustering method is divided into one or more clusters that have the same characteristics called K-means. The method that the author uses is knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) consisting of Data, Data Cleaning, Data transformation, Data mining, Pattern evolution, knowledge. Implementation of K-means Clustering process using Rapid Miner. Attributes used by NIT, Level, Name, Student Status, Type of Registration, Gender, Place of Birth, Date of Birth, Religion, School Origin, School Origin Department, Religion, GPA, Subdistrict, District/ City, Province. Returns the number of clusters 30 (k=30). From the research results based on davies bouldin test on K-means algorithm resulted in the closest value of 0 is k = 29 with Davies bouldin: 0.070, with the most cluster member distribution in cluster 16 containing cluster members 115 items.

A Literature Synthesis of Actions to Tackle Illegal Parrot Trade

The order Psittaciformes is one of the most prevalent groups in the illegal wildlife trade. Efforts to understand this threat have focused on describing the elements of the trade itself: actors, extraction rates, and routes. However, the development of policy-oriented interventions also requires an understanding of how research aims and actions are distributed across the trade chain, regions, and species. We used an action-based approach to review documents published on illegal Psittaciformes trade at a global scale to analyze patterns in research aims and actions. Research increased exponentially in recent decades, recording 165 species from 46 genera, with an over representation of American and Australasian genera. Most of the research provided basic knowledge for the intermediary side of the trade chain. Aims such as the identification of network actors, zoonosis control, and aiding physical detection had numerous but scarcely cited documents (low growth rate), while behavior change had the highest growth rate. The Americas had the highest diversity of research aims, contributing with basic knowledge, implementation, and monitoring across the whole trade chain. Better understanding of the supply side dynamics in local markets, actor typology, and actor interactions are needed. Protecting areas, livelihood incentives, and legal substitutes are actions under-explored in parrots, while behavior change is emerging.

Lectures in distant format: certain methodological techniques

This article is the result of research carried out during the pandemic, which was intended to determine the interrelation between certain methodological techniques and engagement of students in the distant learning process. The following techniques were used for improving the effectiveness of educational process: well-defined structure of the lecture, presentation as the system of questions and topics for discussion, grasping new material in the form of discussion, test cases on the material learned, weekly results and systematization of knowledge, implementation of video materials in homework. The authors held lectures in accordance with all listed points, observing the response and motivation of students. The surveys conducted at the beginning and at the end of the lecture course indicate a sharp increase in cognitive activity, overall satisfaction of students, and interest in further study of the discipline. The students also gave a five point scale rating to each of the offered methodological techniques; in spite of the hypothesis advanced by the authors, the students highlighted presentation as the system of questions and discussion during a distant lecture. The research demonstrates that such methodological techniques effectively increase students' engagement in the learning process, as well as stimulate cognitive activity. The described aspects of conducting lectures can be applied not only in distant format, but in offline learning as well.

Teachers’ Perceptions of Differentiation and the Struggle for Consistent Implementation

A problem at three elementary schools in an Appalachian state was that some or all instructors were struggling to implement differentiated instruction in the classroom. Because differentiation is a research-based best practice, teachers should be consistently using this strategy to meet the varying needs found within the inclusive classroom. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate perceptions of third- and fourth-grade teachers on their knowledge, implementation, and selfassessment of using differentiated instruction in classrooms in three elementary schools in one Appalachian state. The two research questions that guided this study asked how third- and fourth-grade teachers used differentiation to support all students and what perceived opportunities and struggles these teachers believed affected their ability to implement this strategy. Nine out of the 14 third- and fourth-grade inclusive teachers who volunteered were asked to participate in semistructured phone interviews and lesson plan analysis. Data were hand coded and analyzed using a spreadsheet to look for reoccurring categories and themes. Six themes emerged within the collected qualitative data to include ability grouping, technology, planning for differentiated instruction, professional supports, lack of training, and instructional support. With the findings, specific professional development was created to help the teacher more consistently use differentiation in the classroom. This study has positive social change implications because it might lead to a stronger administrator and teacher understanding of the perceived uses of differentiation as well as the perceived opportunities and struggles to fully implement the strategy.