Design of Carry Select Adder using BEC and Common Boolean Logic

Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is known to be the fastest adder among the conventional adder structure, which uses multiple narrow adders. CSLA has a great scope of reducing area, power consumption, speed and delay. From the structure of regular CSLA using RCA, it consumes large area and power. This proposed work uses a simple and dynamic Gate Level Implementation which reduces the area, delay, power and speed of the regular CSLA. Based on a modified CSLA using BEC the implementation of 8-b, 16-b, 32-b square root CSLA (SQRT CSLA) architecture have been developed. In order to reduce the area and power consumption in a great way we proposed a design using binary to excess 1 converter (BEC). This paper proposes an dynamic method which replaces a BEC using Common Boolean Logic.

Role and scope of overall equipment effectiveness implementation in Indian sugarmill industries: A justified approach

Indian process industries have come a long way to modify their technological aspects. Although consumption of processed beverages and food is booming around the globe, Indian process industries such as sugar mills are still struggling to make the best out of their resources. So, it is needful to implement a valuable strategy such as overall equipment effectiveness, which is a product of performance, quality and availability. This execution will enhance performance as well as production by mitigating the faults in the processes, operations and activities. This study presents overall equipment effectiveness as a metric approach for measuring performance. Since limited literature is available regarding overall equipment effectiveness implementation in the processing units in India; there is great scope of this study and its benefits. This study will enhance the knowledge of the stakeholders as well as researchers and will encourage overall equipment effectiveness implementation in this sector.

Evaluation of different lignocellulosic substrates for cultivation of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum

Aim: The present study was formulated with an aim to evaluate different locally available residues from trees such as mixed saw dust, saw dust of coconut wood log, coconut leaf stalks/petiole, coconut coir waste, saw dust of areca nut wood log for cultivation of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Methodology: Locally available agro residues viz., mixed saw dust, saw dust of coconut wood log, chopped coconut leaf stalks/petiole, coconut coir waste, saw dust of areca nut wood log were mixed with 20% wheat bran as supplement and packed in bags at 175 g/bag, autoclaved and aseptically inoculated with grain spawn of G. lucidum and provided with different temperature and humidity conditions for production of fruiting bodies. Results: Among the substrates, coconut wood log saw dust supported early spawn run within 46.5 days and early pinhead production on day 54 followed by pinhead expansion in 62.3 days and first harvest within 70.5 days. The average number of fruiting bodies were also higher (5.75 numbers/bag) with an average weight of 13.5 g/fruiting body that gave significantly higher yield of 77.5 g/175 g substrate with bioefficiency of 44.3% in a cropping cycle of 100.5 days compared to other substrates. Interpretation: The results show that coconut wood log saw dust substrate offers great scope for artificial cultivation of G. lucidum with a significant bioefficiency of 44.3 %.

Herbal fume inhalation similarities between Dhoopan and Hawan

Herbal fume inhalation for health benefit or disease treatment is an Ayurvedic and Vedic approach. In Ayurvedic texts it is mentioned as Dhoopan and in Vedic texts it is referred as hawan (Yagya). There are similarities in methods and procedures of both the methods. The present study identifies five areas where there are similarities i.e. herbal mixture preparation, offerings to fire, use of smokeless fire, use of chanting, dose repetition. This perspective showed similarity present between these two ancient herbal inhalation methods potentiating a great scope of further research in this direction.

Colostrum: A New Golden Era in Health and Disease

Colostrum is the first fluid yielded from the mammary glands of mammals after parturition and is intended for ingestion by the newborn during the first hours of life. It is a complex biological fluid, contains immune and growth factors which helps in the development of immunity in the newborn. It contains Immunoglobulin’s that act as natural anti-microbial agents to actively stimulate the maturation of an infant’s immune system. It is used for treatment of many GIT diseases, Respiratory diseases, Cardiovascular and Metabolic disorders. Colostrum shows great beneficial effect as immunomodulator and anticancer agent. As antiviral agent there is a great scope in colostrum supplements. In this article, the current understanding of the composition of colostrum, i.e. carbohydrates, proteins, growth factors, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, nucleotides and nucleosides, cytokines, fats, vitamins and minerals, is reviewed. Besides providing immune support, colostrum has remarkable muscular-skeletal repair and growth capabilities. These growth factors have significant muscle and cartilage repair characteristics. They promote wound healing with practical implications for trauma and surgical patients. Colostrum growth factors have multiple regenerative effects that extend to all structural body cells, such as the gut. Colostrum also provides immunological balance, increases energy and reduces inflammation and illness.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG): Factors affecting its efficiency and applications

The demand for energy is increasing tremendously with modernization of the technology and requires new sources of renewable energy. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are capable of harvesting ambient energy and converting it into electricity with the process of triboelectrification and electrostatic-induction. TENG can convert mechanical energy available in the form of vibrations, rotation, wind and human motions etc., into electrical energy there by developing a great scope for scavenging large scale energy. In this review paper, we have discussed various modes of operation of TENG along with the various factors contributing towards its efficiency and applications in wearable electronics.

Twitter Sentimental Analysis

Twitter sentiment analysis (TSA) provides the methods to survey public emotions about the products or events associated with them. Categorization of opinions through tweets involves a great scope of study and may yield interesting results and insights on public opinion and social behavior towards different events, services, product, geopolitical issues, situations and scenarios that concern mankind at large. These attributes are expressed explicitly through emoticons, exclamation, sentiment words and so on. In this paper, we introduce a word embedding (Word2Vec) technique obtained by unsupervised learning built on large twitter corpora, this process uses co-occurrence statistical characteristics between words in tweets and hidden contextual semantic interrelation

Effects of resveratrol on the growth and enzyme production of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a burn wound pathogen

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the potential of resveratrol in inhibiting the growth and production of two enzymes, hyaluronidase and protease, in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which has become a burn wound pathogen of great significance. Method: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (ATCC 17666) was cultured in nutrient broth and the microbial load was standardised to 0.5 McFarland standard at 600nm. The study included antimicrobial assays (well diffusion and resazurin dye binding method), hyaluronidase expression regulation assay (hyaluronic acid hydrolysis assay and turbidity assay) and protease expression regulation assay (casein hydrolysis assay and determination of specific activity of protease using tyrosine standard). Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of resveratrol against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was found to be 125µg/ml. Hyaluronidase production in the organism treated with resveratrol was found to be half that in the untreated organism. The specific activity of protease produced by the organism treated with resveratrol was found to be one-quarter that in the untreated organism, as analysed by the tyrosine standard estimation protocol. Conclusion: Resveratrol was found to be a potent compound to treat Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. In addition to the antimicrobial and enzyme-regulatory properties of resveratrol, it also shows anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This finding has great scope clinically as resveratrol may prove to be an ideal drug to treat burn wound infections.

Analysis of Perception of the listeners of BBC and VOA on the Pak-Afghan Border

The study evaluated perception and opinion of the listeners of international radio services – British Broadcast Corporation (BBC) and Voice of America (VOA) – for Pakistan and Afghanistan listeners in their regional language i.e. Pushto. Similarly, Focused Group Discussions were held to analyze the nature of reporting of these two broadcasters and to eke out a strategy for constructive coverage of the war on terror. The results of the study showed that that majority of population living in border areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan, do not appreciate the involvement of outsiders in their matter but still there is a great scope for international broadcasters to shape the opinion of local as less than fifty percent population is still in the favor of West and perceived it as friendly. It was revealed that radio listeners of BBC and VOA in Pakistan and Afghanistan are in favor of using force against terrorism and militant groups. Contrary to that, they do believe the content of the BBC and VOA radio is leading them astray because the ground realities are different and these channels are portraying it differently. The researchers identified an array of issues that characterize reporting of these two broadcasters. These include serving the strategic interests of US and UK, propaganda and mass persuasion. The experts agreed that due to lack of alternative source of information in the border regions of Pakistan and Afghanistan was the key reason for the popularity of both BBC and VOA