scholarly journals Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG): Factors affecting its efficiency and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Deepak Anand ◽  
Singh Sambyal ◽  
Rakesh Vaid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Human Motions ◽  
Great Scope

The demand for energy is increasing tremendously with modernization of the technology and requires new sources of renewable energy. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are capable of harvesting ambient energy and converting it into electricity with the process of triboelectrification and electrostatic-induction. TENG can convert mechanical energy available in the form of vibrations, rotation, wind and human motions etc., into electrical energy there by developing a great scope for scavenging large scale energy. In this review paper, we have discussed various modes of operation of TENG along with the various factors contributing towards its efficiency and applications in wearable electronics.

scholarly journals Rolling Spherical Triboelectric Nanogenerators (RS-TENG) under Low-Frequency Ocean Wave Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Wang ◽  
Ali Matin Nazar ◽  
Jiajun Wang ◽  
Kequan Xia ◽  
Delin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), which convert mechanical energy (such as ocean waves) from the surrounding environment into electrical energy, have been identified as a green energy alternative for addressing the environmental issues resulting from the use of traditional energy resources. In this experimental design, we propose rolling spherical triboelectric nanogenerators (RS-TENG) for collecting energy from low-frequency ocean wave action. Copper and aluminum were used to create a spherical frame which functions as the electrode. In addition, different sizes of spherical dielectric (SD1, SD2, SD3, and SD4) were developed in order to compare the dielectric effect on output performance. This design places several electrodes on each side of the spherical structure such that the dielectric layers are able to move with the slightest oscillation and generate electrical energy. The performance of the RS-TENG was experimentally investigated, with the results indicating that the spherical dielectrics significantly impact energy harvesting performance. On the other hand, the triboelectric materials (i.e., copper and aluminum) play a less important role. The copper RS-TENG with the largest spherical dielectrics is the most efficient structure, with a maximum output of 12.75 V in open-circuit and a peak power of approximately 455 nW.

scholarly journals Application of Multiphysical Domain Modeling in Electrical System Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Cao Zheng ◽  
Zhou Yuanjun ◽  
Wang Na ◽  
Salvatore Strano
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Domain Modeling ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Domain Models

The energy structure change of more electric aircraft makes the aircraft airborne system more complicated. Each subsystem realizes the transmission, interaction, and conversion of energy and information through the dynamic coupling and coordinated control of electrical energy, mechanical energy, hydraulic energy, and thermal energy. This paper applies the multiphysical domain modeling method with the parameter identification according to the original model data. Based on the power conversion relationship of electrical equipment, it defines the port with the power potential variable and flow variable and is supplemented by the information control. It can show the dynamic characteristics, power conversion, and loss characteristics of the device itself. The models can conveniently perform the large-scale system integration, which not only can build the complex electrical equipment formed by multiphysical domain models with the series connection but also can build a complex power supply system formed by multiphysical domain models with the parallel connection.

Factors Affecting Electrochemical Honing of SS-316

2016 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 513-518
Author(s):  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Machining ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Percentage Improvement ◽  
Precision Finishing ◽  
Selection Of

Electrochemical Honing (ECH) is a process of precision finishing of functional surfaces with the use of the electrical and mechanical energy. It is reported that the 90 percent of the material is removed by electrochemical machining (ECM) process and remaining 10 percent by mechanical scrubbing, which shows the electrical energy is the main constituent in the ECH process. Basically, electrical energy is combined with chemical to form an electrolysis dissolution to remove material from the workpiece surface. This work presents a study for the factors affecting the electrochemical honing of SS-316 turned surfaces, especially the processing time and electrolyte composition. The percentage improvement in surface roughness (Ra, Rt) and out-of-roundness (OOR) as a monitored output of ECH were determined. The results are finally furnished with the aim to generalize a useful guideline for the user to enable proper selection of conditions for obtaining good surface quality.

scholarly journals Triboelectric nanogenerator based on Teflon/vitamin B1 powder for self-powered humidity sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1394-1401
Author(s):  
Liangyi Zhang ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Yiyuan Xie ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Zhiyuan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Recently, there has been growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that can effectively convert various forms of mechanical energy input into electrical energy. In the present study, a novel Teflon/vitamin B1 powder based triboelectric nanogenerator (TVB-TENG) is proposed. Paper is utilized as a supporting platform for triboelectrification between a commercial Teflon tape and vitamin B1 powder. The measured open-circuit voltage was approximately 340 V. The TVB-TENG can be applied as a humidity sensor and exhibits a linear and reversible response to the relative humidity of the environment. Moreover, the change in relative humidity is also indicated by the change in luminosity of a set of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) integrated in the TVB-TENG system. The TVB-TENG proposed in this study illustrates a cost-effective method for portable power supply and sensing devices.

scholarly journals Yo-Yo Inspired Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1798
Author(s):  
Deokjae Heo ◽  
Jihoon Chung ◽  
Gunsub Shin ◽  
Minhyeong Seok ◽  
Chanhee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Hand Motion ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
And Function

Recently, as the demand for sustainable and renewable energy to power a large number of small electronics and sensors has increased, various mechanical energy harvesters such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric generators have been highlighted because they have no environmental constraints to generate electricity and function as sustainable power sources. Among these generators, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which produce electrical energy via triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, are a promising energy harvesting technology that can utilize existing materials or the structure of existing commercial products. Considering the vast number of independent portable electronics used today, the development of hand-driven TENGs is important. There is great demand for TENG considering both commercial product-inspired designs, which are the merit of TENG itself, and the hand-driven type. However, relevant studies are still lacking, and therefore further studies in these areas are required. In this study, we developed a novel triboelectric nanogenerator (Y-TENG) inspired by the Yo-Yo that can produce a sustainable electric output by hand motion input. One generator of Y-TENG produced a maximum VOC of 10 V and an ICC of 0.7 μA. Peak/root mean square (RMS) voltage output-based quantitative analysis for the optimized number of blades and dielectric material was performed. The proposed Y-TENG was able to continuously light up three light-emitting diodes (LEDs) while the Y-TENG moved up and down.

scholarly journals Dielectric Elastomer Generator for Electromechanical Energy Conversion: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9881
Author(s):  
Kui Di ◽  
Kunwei Bao ◽  
Haojie Chen ◽  
Xinjun Xie ◽  
Jianbo Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dielectric Elastomer ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Electromechanical Energy Conversion

The dielectric elastomer generator (DEG) has attracted attention in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, due to its high energy density, fast response, and light weight, which together make DEG a promising technology for electromechanical conversion. In this article, recent research papers on DEG are reviewed. First, we present the working principles, parameters, materials, and deformation modes of DEG. Then, we introduce DEG prototypes in the field of collecting mechanical energy, including small-scale applications for wind energy and human motion energy, and large-scale applications for wave energy. At the end of the review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives of DEG. We believe that DEG will play an important role in mechanical energy harvesting in the future.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Lever-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Sensing Lateral Vibration and Wrist or Finger Bending for Controlling Shooting Game

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Inkyum Kim ◽  
Tae Young Ahn ◽  
Daewon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Input Force ◽  
Bending Sensor ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

With advances in internet of things technology and fossil fuel depletion, energy harvesting has emerged rapidly as a means of supplying small electronics with electricity. As a method of enhancing the electrical output of the triboelectric nanogenerator, specialized for harvesting mechanical energy, structural modification to amplify the input force is receiving attention due to the limited input energy level. In this research, a lever structure was employed for delivering the amplified input force to a triboelectric nanogenerator. With structural optimization of a 2.5 cm:5 cm distance ratio of the first and second parts using two lever structures, the highest electrical outputs were achieved: a VOC of 51.03 V, current density of 3.34 mA m−2, and power density of 73.5 mW m−2 at 12 MΩ in the second part. As applications of this triboelectric generator, a vertical vibration sensor and a wearable reloading trigger in a gun shooting game were demonstrated. The possibility for a wearable finger bending sensor with low-level input was checked using a minimized device. Enhanced low-detection limit with amplified input force from the structural advantage of this lever-based triboelectric nanogenerator device can expand its applicability to the mechanical trigger for wearable electronics.

scholarly journals Effect of Time Factor on the Battery Voltage State of Charge from Foot Beats Piezoelectric System

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Godwin Chukwunonyelum Nworji ◽  
Uche V. Okpala ◽  
Ngozi Agatha Okereke ◽  
Peter Uchenna Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Unit Voltage ◽  
Lead Acid

Aim: The study examined the effect of time on amount of voltage generated in a foot beat electricity generating system stored in a battery. Study Design: A system made of piezoelectric materials was designed such that the foot beats of dancers on a platform would cause a mechanical deformation that would lead to conversion of mechanical energy due to pressure from the foot beats to electrical energy; and can be stored in a rechargeable lead acid battery for future use. Place and Duration of Study: Awka Anambra State, Nigeria, between November 2018 and April 2020. Methodology: A sheet of plywood measuring 300 mm x 300 mm x 3 mm thick was placed on a hard wooden board of 300 mm x 300 mm x 25 mm thick where twelve piezoelectric sensors were connected in series with foam spring inserted as separators and to aid in returning after deformation. As the dancers step on the platform, multimeter was used to take the voltage and current readings, while Lead acid rechargeable battery could be connected at the output point to store energy generated in the system and or Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and Universal Serial Bus (USB) outputs. A stop clock was also used to take the time. Results: The study revealed that it would require 901 seconds for a 50kg dancer to increase a unit voltage state of charge in a battery. It also found that it would require 749 seconds for a 60 kg dancer; and 595 seconds for an 80kg dancer respectively to increase the same 1-unit voltage state of charge in a battery. The study showed that the voltage in the battery would continue to increase until the battery is fully charged at which point it is expected that there would no longer be any increase in charge in the battery irrespective of increase in the number of foot beats or time. Conclusion: The result implies that the charge in battery caused by pressure from the foot beats is subject to the maximum voltage capacity of the battery in the system. Likewise, the amount of time and number of foot beats required to add a unit voltage state of charge in a battery in the system is subject to the applied pressure from the foot beats. In view of this, the study craves for popularisation of this technology through large scale research supported by government, corporate organisations or international organisations and institutions that will support new products development in the building and construction industry as it is the case in India and other developed countries.

Experimental and Simulative Study on Hydraulic Energy Grading Control System in the Process of Wave Energy Conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3683-3691
Author(s):  
Wen-Bin Lai ◽  
De-Tang Li ◽  
Yong-He Xie
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Wave Condition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
The Stability

In the development and utilization of wave energy, the wave energy is first converted to mechanical energy, then to hydraulic energy, and finally to electrical energy. Due to the instability and randomness of the wave energy, which makes the energy easily fluctuate during the conversion process. In this paper, an oscillating wave power generation device based on hydraulic transmission system is taken as the study object, and the factors affecting the stability of the hydraulic transmission system are studied by model experiment and AMESim simulation. The results of the test show that the stability can be improved by optimizing the parameters in the hydraulic transmission system according to different wave conditions; However, the optimized hydraulic system can only ensure that the wave energy within a certain wave condition can be stably converted; when the wave condition changes greatly, the hydraulic transmission system is still easy to cause fluctuations. In addition, a Hydraulic Energy Grading Control System is proposed, which further improves the stability of the wave energy during the conversion process.

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