The effect of transglutaminase on gluten-free soy bread baked using ohmic heating

This study aims to compare the quality of gluten-free bread made from black soybean flour using and without transglutaminase (TGase) baked using ohmic heating technology. Parameters of bread quality observed were specific volume, moisture content, texture profile analysis, porosity, and color. To understand the changes in the ohmic heating process parameters during baking, an evaluation of temperature, electrical conductivity, current intensity, electrical power parameters was carried out. To analyze the data, the independent sample t-test method was used. The results obtained indicate that the addition of TGase affects the characteristics of the bread and process parameters during baking with ohmic heating. Bread with the addition of TGase has an increase in volume, texture, moisture content, and porosity of the bread that is better than without the addition of TGase. Based on the parameter process, the rate of increase in temperature, electrical conductivity, current, and power intensity is highly affected by the addition TGase. Electrical conductivity increases linearly with increasing temperature.

Physical Parameters of the Synthesized Complex Compound of Cobalt (II) with N, N'-Bis(salicylidene)semicarbazide

A new material of strontium tetraaquad[N, N'-bis(salicylidene)semicarbazidatocobalt(II)] dihydrate (I) with the following composition: Sr[CoL'(Н2О)2]22Н2О, where H3L = N,N'-bis(salicylidene)semicarbazide was synthesized. The molar mass of the extracted and dehydrated complex compound Sr[Co (C15H14N3O5)]2 is 838.07 g/mol, and the number of valence electrons in one molecule is 256. A cylindrical sample with a mass of 0.09 g and a volume of 17.67∙10-9 m3 was utilized for experimental studies. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations for the main physical parameters of the synthesized material were performed. Such quantities were calculated: the substance density, the molecule mass, the number of molecules in the test cylindrical sample, the number of valence electrons, the bandgap. Dependences of specific conductivity, current density, resistance, the Hall coefficient, and charge carrier concentration on temperature were obtained.

Influence of External Radiation on Parameters of Electroluminescent Panel

The electroluminescent light source can be used as flexible compact flat sources of uniform illuminating. The studies on improvement of its main characteristics, especially of color intensity generation, continue. In the paper the possibility of using the changing capacitive and current characteristics of flexible light sources - electroluminescent panels to fix and determine the level of external radiation, which includes the near infrared, optical and ultraviolet ranges, has been shown. The degree of the influence of radiation on the capacitive and current characteristics of these structures based on ZnS: Cu, Mn phosphor using a barium titanate ferroelectric has been revealed. During the studies the instrumental and expert analysis as well as the non-destructive and destructive technological control have been used. It has been found that while changing the radiation intensity from 0 to 2500 kd/m the electric capacity of the structure with 600 cm area becomes 25 % increased, and the intensity increase leads to considerable proportional increase (up to 20 %) of the structure conductivity current

Optimization of process variables for treatment of food industry effluents by electrocoagulation

<p>The present study investigates the process optimization for treatment of potato processing industry wastewater by electrocoagulation. Performance of treatability was evaluated by achieved chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. Response Surface Methodology was applied to determine individual and interactive impacts of the selected operation variables (pH, conductivity, current density and duration period) on COD removal. Optimization studies were also performed for energy consumption costs which still remain as the major drawback of the electrocoagulation applications. Interactions between dependent and independent process variables were interpreted by the relevant surface plots. Sufficient correlation coefficients were obtained for the predictive regression models of the optimization. Results of the ANOVA tests showed that both of the models are statistically significant. Impacts of the process parameters on response values have been evaluated numerically by Pareto analysis. Furthermore, validation studies were conducted to confirm the accuracy of the model developed for prediction of COD removal efficiencies.</p>

Thin flexible lithium-ion battery featuring graphite paper based current collectors with enhanced conductivity

A flexible, lightweight, and high conductivity current collector is the key element that enables fabrication of a high-performance, flexible lithium-ion battery. Here, we report a thin, lightweight, and flexible lithium-ion battery that uses graphite papers deposited with nano-sized metallic layers as the current collector, LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 as the cathode and anode materials, respectively, and a PE membrane soaked in LiPF6 as the separator. Using thin, flexible graphite paper as a substrate for the current collector instead of a rigid, heavy metal foil enables us to demonstrate an ultra-thin lithium-ion battery (total thickness including encapsulation layers of less than 250 μm) that also features a light weight and high flexibility.