What Risk Resilience Measures Can I Use?

The question “What resilience measures can I use?” addresses how to reduce the impact and consequences of successful cyberattacks. The chapter begins with a case study analyzing how Capital One recovered after being hacked and highlighting how your organization can use planning to facilitate cyber resilience. It illuminates the technical means for enabling resilience from an attack, including virtualization and maintaining backups. It defines a ten-step process for responding to cyberattacks: prevention, planning, preparation, detection, analysis, containment, communication, eradication, recovery, and post-event analysis. The chapter explains how an organization can build a computer security incident response team (CSIRT) to facilitate this process, and what role a cyber crisis communication plan should play. The chapter concludes with Rosenbach’s Embedded Endurance strategy experience supporting the White House in crafting a national cyberattack resilience and response plan.

Modelling and Prediction of the Spread of COVID-19 in Cameroon and Assessing the Governmental Measures (March–September 2020)

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory illness in humans caused by a coronavirus, capable of producing severe symptoms and, in some cases, death, especially in older people and those with underlying health conditions. It was originally identified in China in 2019 and became a pandemic in 2020. On 6 March 2020, Cameroon recorded its first cases of infection with COVID-19. The Government of Cameroon (GOC) took 13 barrier measures on 18 March 2020. On 1 May 2020, 19 new measures were adopted, easing restrictions and encouraging economic activity. On 1 June, schools and universities were reopened, after which massive screening began to take place throughout the country. In this study, we have modelled the COVID-19 epidemic in Cameroon in order to assess the governmental measures of response and predict the behaviour of epidemic As a result of these measures, the pandemic evolved in three phases. The first phase began on 18 March and ended on 15 May 2020. During this phase, the actual curve of cumulative positive cases based on field data closely fit the theoretical curve resulting from mathematical modelling. In the beginning of May, we predicted that nearly 3000 positive cases would be declared by mid-May 2020. The actual data confirmed these predictions: there were 2954 cases as of 15 May 2020. The second phase, beyond mid-May 2020, encompasses the period when the GOC’s relaxation of measures takes effect. This phase was marked by an acceleration of the cumulative number of positive cases starting in the third week of May, postponing the expected peak by two weeks. Under Phase 2 conditions, the onset of the peak will occur in early June and extend through the first two weeks of June. However, a third phase occurs in the first week of June, with the reopening of schools and universities combined with massive screening; the peak is therefore expected in the second week of June (around 15 June). The GOC should, at this stage, strengthen its response plan by tripling the current coverage capacity to regain the first phase convergence conditions associated with the first 13 measures. The pandemic will begin its descent in the month of august, but COVID-19 will remain endemic for at least one year.

ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN SISTEM TANGGAP DARUTAT DI SEKOLAH AT TAUFIQ KOTA BOGOR TAHUN 2019

Disadari sistem tanggap darurat di sekolah merupakan sesuatu yang penting sebagai upaya mengurangi risiko bencana. Penelitian dengan judul “Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem Tanggap Darurat di Sekolah At Taufiq Kota Bogor Tahun 2019” bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan organisasi, prosedur, dan alat atau sarana dan prasarana sistem tanggap darurat di sekolah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan membandingkan data yang ada di lapangan dengan peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 48 Pasal 14 Tahun 2016, <em>Emergency Action Plan</em>/ Rencana Tindakan Darurat (CDC 2001), dan <em>Emergency Response Plan</em>/ Rencana Tanggap Darurat (OSHA 2004). Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari informan inti dan informan kunci, dilengkapi dengan pengisian kuesioner sebagai penunjang data wawancara yang bersifat kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah belum terbentuknya struktur organisasi dan program kerja tanggap darurat, namun memiliki SDM untuk mengelola organisasi tersebut. Adanya beberapa prosedur yang telah dilaksanakan meskipun belum sesuai dengan peraturan. Adanya beberapa alat atau sarana dan prasarana, namun perlu peningkatan dalam upaya perawatan. Kesimpulan dan saran yaitu sekolah At Taufiq membutuhkan pembentukan struktur organisasi dan program kerja sistem tanggap darurat, dibutuhkan adanya perapihan administrasi prosedur yang sudah berjalan, serta perlunya meningkatkan pemeliharaan dan menyediakan alat atau sarana dan prasarana lain yang dibutuhkan dalam sistem tanggap darurat.

Preparedness Plan for the Water Supply Infrastructure during Water Terrorism—A Case Study from Irbid, Jordan

Terrorism is a crucial danger to the world, especially the Middle East. As Jordan is amidst countries with armed conflicts, its natural resources (in particularly, water resources) are vulnerable to terrorist attacks. In this paper, possible biological and chemical weapons that can be used as intimidation, along with their threats, vulnerabilities, and inactivation methods, concerning water treatment processes in the municipality of Irbid, are studied. Irbid is the second largest city in terms of population in Jordan, after the capital city of Amman, and it is the nearest governorate to Syria borders that is considered a war zone. After conducting risk assessment that takes into consideration criticality, threats, and vulnerability, it appears that only one of the eight units, which is the Makhraba pumping station, along with the Bushra water tank, were identified as medium risk. The other units have treatment processes and proper precautions that are able to inactivate or prevent any possible contamination. A response plan should be set by developing a telemetry system with specific sensors that can detect any sudden and unacceptable threats to the water quality and that has the ability to shut down the concerned units automatically.

HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI ANCAMAN BENCANA KEBAKARAN DENGAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN EVAKUASI DI KELURAHAN X KOTA PALEMBANG

Bencana kebakaran yang terjadi di Kelurahan X, merupakan salah satu bencana terbesar sepanjang tahun 2018-2020 di Kota X dikarenakan Kelurahan tersebut merupakan kawasan pemukiman padat penduduk, sehingga memungkinkan untuk berkontribusi besar pada keberhasilan tanggap darurat bencana selanjutnya. Tindakan Evakuasi merupakan bagian dari Emergency Response Plan yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi dampak dari suatu bencana. Pengambilan keputusan tindakan evakuasi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya salah satunya Persepsi individu terhadap Ancaman Bencana Kebakaran. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Persepsi terhadap Ancaman Bencana Kebakaran terhadap pengambilan keputusan evakuasi bencana kebakaran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei tahun 2021 di Kelurahan X. Hasil penelitian didapatkan, Persepsi terhadap Ancaman Kebakaran secara statistik memiliki hubungan bermakna (p-value = 0,000) dengan Pengambilan Keputusan Evakuasi. Diharapkan untuk Stakeholder setempat untuk kedepannya memberikan informasi tentang bahaya/ risiko bencana kebakaran dan kemungkinan efeknya pada keselamatan individu, kerusakan properti dan fungsi pada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi langsung sehingga masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah rawan bencana kebakaran dapat membuat rencana tanggap darurat dan menangani keragaman persepsi penduduk daerah pemukiman padat yang rawan bencana kebakaran

Turnaround Procedures to Ensure Personnel Safety During Covid-19: Best Practices and Case Study

As industry returns to work and restarts planning and execution of turnarounds and other maintenance projects, there will be regulatory, corporate and social responsibilities in order to safely restart and sustain activities. Major maintenance events and projects already bring complex challenges as multiple activities are carried out by numerous personnel and contractors, in a short duration of time. This risk is further amplified with the additional restrictions, challenges and complications posed by COVID-19. The key challenge for turnaround managers in current times is to ensure the safety of their personnel while delivering a successful turnaround. Through a detailed analysis and breakdown of the various stages of a turnaround, this paper attempts to answer one core question- How do you keep onsite personnel safe during turnarounds in the COVID-19 era? United Safety has developed a series of planning and prevention tools to help projects identify and implement robust actions that prevent the spread of COVID-19 onsite. These steps have been successfully implemented on site during a turnaround for a major Client in Canada. From additional precautions to new operating procedures, modifications were made at various stages including pre-planning, during the turnaround and post-turnaround stage to ensure the safety of onsite personnel. The result was an incident-free turnaround with zero recorded transmissions on site and a comprehensive COVID-19 Turnaround Response Plan.

An armed assailant in our hospital: Are we prepared?

ABSTRACT While armed assailant attacks are rare in the hospital setting, they pose a potential risk to healthcare staff, patients, visitors and the infrastructure. Singapore hospitals have well-developed disaster plans to respond to a mass casualty incident occurring outside the hospital. However, lack of an armed assailant incident response plan can significantly reduce the hospital’s ability to appropriately respond to such an incident. The authors describe various strategies that can be adopted in the development of an armed assailant incident response plan. Regular staff training will increase staff resilience and capability to respond to a potential threat in the future. The aim of this article is to highlight the need for the emergency preparedness units of all hospitals to work together with various stakeholders to develop an armed assailant incident response plan. This will be of great benefit for keeping healthcare facilities safe, both for staff as well as for the community. Keywords: Armed assailant, hospital, preparedness, response, strategies

COVID-19 in the Gulf Cooperation Council Member States: An Evidence of Effective Response

Objectives: The World Health Organization (WHO) published a global strategic response plan in February 2020 aiming to mitigate the impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. It identified immediate activities required for global preparedness and response to the outbreak and set eight priority areas (pillars) essential for scaling up countries’ operational readiness and response. Despite a semi-annual progress report on implementing the Global Strategic Plan in June 2020, there is limited granular information available on the extent of the national plan’s content and implementation, particularly in the Member States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Therefore, we sought to review the preparedness and responsiveness towards the COVID-19 outbreak in the GCC in the first phase of the pandemic and to document lessons learned for improving the ongoing response efforts and preparedness for future pandemics. Methods: A rapid appraisal was conducted in June 2020 according to the WHO Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan and the accompanying Operational Planning Guidelines. The survey was administered to public health professionals or/and infectious disease experts in the states. The findings were cross-triangulated with secondary data that was publicly available for each country. Results: The preparedness and response efforts of Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE were fully compliant with all 11 (100%) pillars of the modified strategic response measures. Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar complied with eight of the pillars. The component on conducting COVID-19 related research was the lowest-performing across all the six states. Conclusions: All GCC states demonstrated an effective response to the pandemic, enhanced existing infrastructures, and accelerated reforms that would have otherwise taken longer. The lessons learned through the early phase of the pandemic continue to steer the states in realigning their strategies and resetting their goals of controlling the outbreak, particularly in the current context of vaccine introduction and increasing preparedness capacities for future pandemics.

920Stakeholder analysis to develop a national outbreak response plan for Q fever in Australia

Background Q fever is a zoonotic disease that can cause prolonged and debilitating illness in humans. Australia has the highest number of cases reported in the world and animal-human outbreaks would require a coordinated response from both animal and public health authorities. Methods Expert opinion workshops are conducted across several states in Australia. Discussions were audio recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis to elicit sources and routes of transmission that would lead to a large human outbreak, risk factors for outbreaks and variations between states. Results Sources of Q fever for human infection differ between jurisdictions, influenced by disease occurrence and case infection source. Risk factors include aggregation of animals, environmental effects and naïve human contact. Community acquired infection is perceived as a greater outbreak risk than occupationally acquired due to lack of awareness, absence of vaccination and increased exposure of the public. Conclusions Disease occurrence and sources of infection are variable across jurisdictions and a generalised outbreak plan is not the solution. The framework for action must reflect differences identified between jurisdictions. Key messages Expert opinion regarding sources and routes of transmission for a large human Q fever outbreak highlights prevailing differences between jurisdictions, for which a one size fits all outbreak response plan will not be effective.