“Talking” Tiles from Vanished Ilkhanid Palaces (Late Thirteenth to Early Fourteenth Centuries): Frieze Luster Tiles with Verses from the Shah-nama

Luster tiles in Ilkhanid palace decoration are repeatedly linked with the site of Takht-i Sulaiman (Iran). However, the collection and analysis of ninety-two frieze luster tiles (or frag-ments) characterized by a similar scheme indicates the existence of other palatial locations. Sorting the tiles results in at least eight different friezes. Consequently, possible locations of other Ilkhanid palaces are investigated. Textual contents mainly originate from Firdausi’s Shah-nama. However, the excerpts found on tiles are seldom narrative but allude to the enjoyment of nature, drinking, and beauty. The suitability of these poetic quotes for Ilkha-nid palace decoration is thus further analyzed.

Experience of therapy of psoriasis patients with methotrexate in the form of subcutaneous and intramuscularly injections

Псориаз является одним из наиболее распространенных хронических дерматозов, в мире зарегистрировано около 125 млн больных этим заболеванием, причем частота встречаемости в структуре дерматологических заболеваний составляет около 40%. Несмотря на то, что в большинстве случаев псориаз не представляет угрозы для жизни, тем не менее он является непосредственной причиной появления весьма серьезных патологических проблем, социальной дезадаптации. В последнее время все большее число исследователей говорят о псориазе не как об изолированном кожном заболевании, а как о системной псориатической болезни с доминирующими проявлениями на коже. Системность заболевания проявляется в частом вовлечении в процесс не только кожного покрова, но и других систем и органов, в частности опорно-двигательного аппарата при артропатической форме псориаза (псориатическом артрите). Распространенность псориатического артрита у больных псориазом колеблется от 7% до 47%, причем у 15% пациентов артрит развивается до поражения кожи, при обычном псориазе артрит бывает в 6-7% случаев, а при уже выявленной псориатической артропатии у 73,2% больных встречается пустулезный или экссудативный псориаз, а также псориатическая эритродермия. В статье представлены результаты применения в терапии больных среднетяжелым и тяжелым псориазом препарата метотрексат в виде подкожных инъекций в сравнении с аналогичной схемой использования внутримышечных инъекций метотрексата. Показана высокая эффективность курса терапии метотрексатом в лечении псориаза и псориатического артрита. Приведены данные о более высокой безопасности, более значимом позитивном влиянии на качество жизни, о лучшей переносимости и более длительной ремиссии, достигнутых в группе пациентов, получавших подкожные инъекции метотрексата. Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic dermatoses. About 125 million patients with this disease are registered in the world, and the frequency of occurrence in the structure of dermatological diseases is about 40%. Despite the fact that in most cases psoriasis does not pose a threat to life, but, nevertheless, it is the direct cause of the appearance of very serious pathological problems, social maladjustment. Recently, an increasing number of researchers speak of psoriasis not as an isolated skin disease, but as a systemic psoriatic disease with dominant skin manifestations. The systemic nature of the disease is manifested in the frequent involvement in the process of not only the skin, but also other systems and organs, in particular, the musculoskeletal system in the arthropathic form of psoriasis (psoriatic arthritis). The prevalence of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis ranges from 7 to 47%, and in 15% of patients arthritis develops before skin lesions, with ordinary psoriasis, arthritis occurs in 6-7% of cases, and with already identified psoriatic arthropathy in 73,2%, pustular or exudative psoriasis, as well as psoriatic erythroderma. The article presents the results of the use of methotrexate in the form of subcutaneous injections in clinical practice in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe psoriasis, in comparison with a similar scheme of using intramuscular injections of methotrexate. The course of methotrexate therapy has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The data on higher safety, a more significant positive effect on the quality of life, better tolerability and longer remission of the process achieved in a group of patients receiving subcutaneous injections of methotrexate are presented.

Rural development in Papua: lesson learned from cocoa farming

This paper convey a reflection on the economic activities of the chocolate farming community in Berab, Papua and its relationship with the international market, namely in Japan through the Kakao Kita business organization in Jayapura. The ethnographic methods was used to collect the data, in-depth interviews, participant observation, and visual ethnography are conducted during June 2020 – January 2021.The crucial finding from this research is that the trading systems that are built are both based on humanism and community principles. Both buyers from Japan and the farming community built social relations which then abandoned the impression that trade, especially on an international scale, was all about profit and loss. There is a positive intersubjectivity between the two of them, shown by a sense of togetherness in the importance of maintaining this relationship, as well as the relationship to nature shown by organic cocoa plantation management and transparent and humanist trading mechanisms. Furthermore, the challenge that arises and need to reflect on is whether a similar scheme model can be replicated to other communities in Papua. It is recommended to the Papuan local government to take a closer look at the policy implementation process, especially from special autonomy for the economic empowerment of local communities.

Mass Spring Interlocked Bladed Disk Model

A simplified bladed disk model with cantilever and interlock conditions is described. Blade is composed of three masses, two for the lower and higher part of the shroud, and one for the main core of the blade. A similar scheme is employed in the disk. The different masses in the model are linked with springs introducing the stiffness between them. Additional disk restrictions reduce the model capabilities but account the effect of common boundary conditions. The model simplicity allows an analytical solution with polynomials to understand the fundamentals of vibration. The extended stiffness and mass matrix with Lagrange multipliers are used. The modal frequencies and modes as function of the nodal diameter are studied. The interlock solution is compared to cantilever and different sorts of frequency curves have been identified and classified. Some basic conclusions related to the model parameters are achieved.

A GREENER APPROACH TO SYNTHESIS OF DIACEREIN

Diacerein, also known as diacetylrhein (1,8-diacetoxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone), is a slow-acting active pharmaceutical ingredient of the anthraquinone class used to treat joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (swelling and pain in the joints). It works by inhibiting interleukin-1 beta and demonstrates anti-arthritic activity without inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Diacerein-containing medications are registered in some European Union and Asian countries and are included as a treatment option on several international therapeutic guidelines. Different approaches have been reported for the synthesis of this compound. Many approaches have been reported for preparation of diacerein specially employing reagents like hexavalent chromium compounds which are toxic and effluent-unfriendly. We report herein synthesis of diacerein, a potent antiarthritic ingredient, by employing a greener chemical method and also synthesis of acetyl vanillic acid by employing similar scheme having same functional groups.

Possibilities of using phospho-soda in patients with complicated colon preparation for endoscopy

Endoscopic screening is the main method of colon examination. An important factor for the accurate diagnosis of various pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the lower part of the digestive tract is the degree of its visualization, which directly depends on the quality of preparation for colonoscopy. There are many colon cleansers, but the peristaltic motion of the gut slows down in various diseases and syndromes, which results in the reduced accuracy of endoscopy.The paper presents the analysis of colon preparation quality using Phospho-soda (Casen Recordati, S.L., Spain) for colonoscopy in 198 patients with pathological conditions that impedes passage of all bowel contents: inflammatory bowel disease, acromegaly, and hypotonia of the large intestine. The authors carried out a comparative analysis with a control group, which included 106 patients without factors that slowed down the peristaltic motion of the intestine, who were preparing for endoscopic examination according to a similar scheme.The study showed that using Phospho-soda to prepare for endoscopic examination in patients with decreased colonic tone resulted in the efficacy of the drug comparable with its efficacy in a group of patients without dysmotility.

Propuesta de unidad didáctica de lucha olímpica: Luchas del Mundo

<p>Wrestling is a natural human activity and it is represented in a large number of countries and cultures. In secondary education, combat sports can help students develop relevant skills and attitudes. Wrestling exercises develop motor, perceptual and affective capacities, since wrestling is a close contact sport. The objective of this work was to design a bilingual teaching unit aimed at the secondary education, where wrestling exercises are used to achieve educational purposes related to learning Olympic Wrestling and fostering situations of communication in English. The didactic unit, called <em>Luchas del Mundo / World Wrestling</em>, will have a recreational and integrative character, and will allow students to relate and communicate with their peers in English during the practical sessions. The didactic unit consists of six sessions, making a journey through different continents and wrestling styles, and finishing with the Olympic wrestling styles. All sessions will follow a similar scheme, starting with a general and specific warm up; following with the main part, in which representative wrestling exercises will be practiced (grips, holds, unbalancing, etc.); and finishing with a cool down, stretches and conclusions. In summary, this proposal follows the contents worked in primary education physical education and tries to promote the practice of Olympic Wrestling in secondary education.</p>

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana: An Evaluation

Financial inclusion is a process of providing access and usage of financial services like savings, credit, insurance and payment facilities by the financially excluded people. Initiatives towards financial Inclusion have been taken by the Government of India which includes priority lending, lead bank scheme, nationalisation of banks, Swabhimaan approach and Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (PMJDY). This article evaluates Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana scheme critically and its difference with a previous similar scheme.

Using irregularly spaced current peaks to generate an isolated attosecond X-ray pulse in free-electron lasers

A method is proposed to generate an isolated attosecond X-ray pulse in free-electron lasers, using irregularly spaced current peaks induced in an electron beam through interaction with an intense short-pulse optical laser. In comparison with a similar scheme proposed in a previous paper, the irregular arrangement of current peaks significantly improves the contrast between the main and satellite pulses, enhances the attainable peak power and simplifies the accelerator layout. Three different methods are proposed for this purpose and achievable performances are computed under realistic conditions. Numerical simulations carried out with the best configuration show that an isolated 7.7 keV X-ray pulse with a peak power of 1.7 TW and pulse length of 70 as can be generated. In this particular example, the contrast is improved by two orders of magnitude and the peak power is enhanced by a factor of three, when compared with the previous scheme.

Application of L-arginine and aminoguanidine for correction of liver at acute experimental pеritonitis

<p>The precursor of the synthesis of nitric oxide – L-arginine at acute peritonitis (intrabdominally administration<br />nonlinear mature male rats, 25 mg/kg, 30 minutes before and 12, 24 and 36 h after modeling pathology) promoted of<br />increasing of nitrite anion content to inhibition of lipid peroxidation background processes, activating the mitochondrial<br />and antioxidant enzymes in the liver, reducing indices of endogenous intoxication. Application of experimental<br />peritonitis selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase – aminoguanidine (intrabdominally, 10 mg/kg, the<br />introduction of a similar scheme) accompanied the progression of liver disease on the background of inhibition of<br />the synthesis of nitric oxide.</p>