Reference-guided structure-aware deep sketch colorization for cartoons

Digital cartoon production requires extensive manual labor to colorize sketches with visually pleasant color composition and color shading. During colorization, the artist usually takes an existing cartoon image as color guidance, particularly when colorizing related characters or an animation sequence. Reference-guided colorization is more intuitive than colorization with other hints, such as color points or scribbles, or text-based hints. Unfortunately, reference-guided colorization is challenging since the style of the colorized image should match the style of the reference image in terms of both global color composition and local color shading. In this paper, we propose a novel learning-based framework which colorizes a sketch based on a color style feature extracted from a reference color image. Our framework contains a color style extractor to extract the color feature from a color image, a colorization network to generate multi-scale output images by combining a sketch and a color feature, and a multi-scale discriminator to improve the reality of the output image. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations show that our method outperforms existing methods, providing both superior visual quality and style reference consistency in the task of reference-based colorization.

Incidence of arthropods and phytotechnical characteristics of lisianthus under different greenhouse conditions

The use of color shading meshes is presented as a new technological approach to manage flowers and ornamental plants. Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinners is a flower that excites interest of producers and consumers. However, there is little technical and scientific information on its production and management. We evaluated the incidence of arthropods and phytotechnical characteristics in two cultivars of cut lisianthus, under the influence of different color shading meshes in commercial greenhouse. The experiments were conducted in the company Floricultura Florist, Dois Irmãos-RS, Brazil. The experiment took place from August to December 2012 and tested the influence of shading meshes with different colors (gray, red, black, and blue) on two varieties of cut lisianthus (Mariage and Bolero White). In each treatment, the phytotechnical characteristics of the plants assessed and arthropod samples were collected. Red mesh produced the best results, and blue, the worst. Nine orders of arthropods from 24 families with different habits were observed. Diptera was the most abundant. The shading screens did not influence the number of arthropods in plants.

Energy efficient cooling and heating of aquaponics facilities based on regional climate

An already existing aquaponics facility in Jordan, named Khodra, will be used to evaluate the cooling and heating profiles to provide the best environment for plants and fish to thrive. A replica of the ‘Khodra’ facility will be simulated to be built in Qatar. Good ventilation rate with 50% green color shading was sufficient to reduce the temperature down by almost 10 degrees in ‘Khodra’-Jordan while using a heating, ventilation and air conditioning water-chiller based system reduced the humidity in the ‘Khodra’-Qatar greenhouse yet using AC split units was cheaper for the small size, 360 m2, of this specific greenhouse.

Double-faced shading effect based on two wefts full-backed structure for traditional weft-backed woven fabrics

Purpose The purpose of this paper, on innovative design of traditional weft-backed woven fabric, is to investigate a design principle and method for full-backed structure with double-faced shading effect to realize two types of double-faced shading effects for traditional weft-backed fabric that are impossible to be realized under plane design mode. In addition, the study on the color rendering law is conducive to the design application, and the effectiveness of the design method has been verified by the design practices. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a design method for full-backed structure with two shaded weave databases (SWDs) by selecting two primary weaves (PWs), establishing the corresponding SWDs, selecting the proper compound structures for database of full-backed structure with double-faced shading effect. Color card fabric with 544 specimens is produced and their color values are measured, their color difference and variance are analyzed to evaluate the color rendering characteristics. Finally, double-faced weft-backed fabrics are produced under layered-combination design mode to verify the practicality of full-backed structure with double-faced shading effect. Findings Weft-backed woven fabrics with “SPDC” (same pattern and different color) and “DPDC” (different pattern and different color) shading effects can be produced using full-backed structure with double-faced shading effect. The color expression is extremely enhanced (136 compound structures on one side for one color weft). In the shading process, two sets of wefts do not affect each other, and stable and ideal color shading effect with high color purity can be expressed according to the analyses on the L* (lightness) values, color purity, color differences (0.47–3.20) and variance (0.25–1.21) of the color card fabric. Originality/value Breaking through the structural limitations and achieving the double-faced shading effects that cannot be expressed in plane design mode. The research on two weft-backed fabric with the most basic weft-backed structure provides not only a theoretical base for further study on weft-backed structures, but also some references for structure innovation design of traditional weft-backed woven fabrics.

Accuracy Analysis of Two Parallel Manipulators

The aim of the study is to analyse and visualize the accuracy of two parallel manipulators. The kinematics are calculated using vectors and the Newton method. The accuracy is calculated based on the actuator errors, visualization is done with color shading. Calculations was done using MATLAB

LIGHT ENVIRONMENTS AND PHOSPHORUS DOSES IN THE GROWTH OF BASIL PLANTS

AMBIENTES DE LUZ E DOSES DE FÓSFORO NO CRESCIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE MANJERICÃO O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento das plantas de manjericão cultivadas em ambientes de luz modificada com o uso de malhas fotoconversoras sob diferentes dosagens de adubação fosfata. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo os tratamentos: 0;50; 100 e 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5, e três ambientes de luz utilizando malhas fotoconversoras nas cores : azul e vermelho com 50% de sombreamento e a pleno sol, com cinco repetições. Após 120 dias de cultivo foram realizadas análises de crescimento das plantas de manjericão, além do teor de fósforo nas raízes. Observou-se interação significativa entre as doses de fósforo e os ambientes de luz para as variáveis número de folhas, área foliar, área foliar especifica, razão de área foliar e razão de peso foliar. Plantas de manjericão cultivadas a pleno sol na dosagem máxima de fósforo (200 kg ha-1 P2O5) apresentaram resultados significativamente superiores em relação àquelas cultivadas sob sombreamento. Porém vale ressaltar que o ambiente sombreado proporcionou maior altura e produção de massa seca, além de maiores teores de fósforo nas raízes. Conclui-se que a interação das malhas fotoconversoras com a adubação fosfatada apresentou resultados positivos em relação ao desenvolvimento das plantas de manjericão.Palavras-chave: luminosidade, planta medicinal, sombreamento, ocimum basilicum L. ABSTRACT:The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of basil plants cultivated in modified light environments with the use of color shading nets under different dosages of phosphate fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized block factorial design 4 x 3, with the treatments: 0, 50; 100 and 200 kg ha-1 P2O5 using shading nets in colors: blue and red, with 50% shading and full sun, and five replications. After 120 days of cultivation, analyzes of the growth of basil plants were carried out, in addition to the phosphorus content in the roots. There was a significant interaction between phosphorus doses and light environments for the number of leaves, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio and leaf weight ratio. Basil plants grown in full sun at the maximum phosphorus dosage (200 kg ha-1 P2O5) showed significantly higher results than those grown under shade. However, it is worth noting that the shaded environment provided higher height and dry mass production, in addition to higher phosphorus levels in the roots. It was concluded that the interaction of color shading nets with the phosphate fertilization presented positive results in relation to the development of the basil plants.Keywords: luminosity, medicinal plant, shading, Ocimum basilicum L.

The Influence of Color Shading Net on the Growing of Lettuce

Nowadays, shading net is widely use in Thailand, especially for vegetable production. Many colors of shading net can be found in the market. In this experiment, we set up three net houses for lettuce by using three colors of 50% transparent shading net, black, red and green. Ten of 15 days after planting (DAP) lettuces were moved to each color net house and control (direct sun). Total 40 lettuces were used for 10 days experiment. The result showed that the leave length and width of lettuce under red shading net respectively were significantly bigger than those under green shading net and control treatment without significant difference with the black shading net. The lettuce under red shading net had a highest stem diameter, fresh weight and dry weight comparing with others color shading net. The spectra of the solar radiations that transmitted through the red shading net were suitable for the photosynthesis of the lettuce leaves that could promote lettuce growth and yield.

Desenvolvimento de alpínia sob diferentes telas de sombreamento e espaçamentos de cultivo

Intensity and spectral quality of the radiation can be manipulated with the use of neutral or color shading screens in growing plants, and it can promote physiological and morphological changes. Therefore, the purpose was evaluating the effects of different shading levels, screens spectral quality, and spacing in the development of cv. Jungle King and cv. Jungle Queen gingers. Rhizomes were planted in 5 cultivation environments (full sun, black screen 50%, black screen 30%, blue screen 50% and red screen 50% shading) and 2 spacing (0.8 x 1.0 m and 0.8 x 1.5 m). The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 5x2x2x7, with 5 environments of cultivation, 2 cultivars, 2 spacing between plants and 7 times of evaluation (55, 120, 200, 255, 285, 335 e 370 days after planting (DAP)). The evaluations were shooting index, number of shoots per plant, shoot height and number of leaves per shoot. Shooting of cv. Jungle Queen was earlier compared to cv. Jungle King. Spacing did not influence in the initial development of plants. Screens with 50% shading, in blue or red colors, enhanced alpinia development.