Animal industry survey: The importance of technical and soft skills, coursework, and extracurricular activities on the success of undergraduates entering animal industries

A survey instrument was developed to inquire about the skills and experiences needed to be successful in an entry-level position within an animal industry. The instrument called upon industry representatives to rank the importance of skills, experiences, and coursework as they relate to success. A five-point scale was used for ranking (1=not important, 2=somewhat important, 3=moderately important, 4=very important, 5=extremely important). Industry representatives ranked personal and team-based soft skills as the most important skills related to success. Animal science coursework and hands-on animal handling and welfare experiences also ranked very high. Non-animal science coursework, agricultural business skills, collegiate experiences, and scientific/laboratory skills were ranked the lowest in terms of importance, but rankings of these categories still fell in the moderately important range. These rankings indicate the need for well-rounded students that have gained technical and personal skills throughout their collegiate education. This also signals a need for projects, writing assignments, and hands-on animal-related activities that promote development of soft skills within the animal science curriculum.

124 Fundamentals of Distilled Beverages: Spirits and Their Raw Materials

Distilling the alcoholic beverage category down, sugar + yeast = ethanol. However, the manufacturing processes for these beverages are complex and unique. Utilizing a myriad of raw material inputs to produce numerous outputs is no small feat. This presentation will provide an overview of the distilled beverage landscape and will discuss some of the key product types, substrates, ancillary ingredients, and their manufacturing processes. On a fundamental level, we will also consider what by-products are created during the process of making these beloved liquids and how that might relate back to the animal industry.

Non-Tsetse-Transmitted Animal Trypanosomosis (NTT)

The non-tsetse-transmitted animal trypanosomoses are infections caused by three main mammalian trypanosome species, namely Trypanosoma evansi, T. equiprdum, and T. vivax. Their global distribution is much wider than tsetse-transmitted trypanosomoses and includes Africa and Latin America, Asia, and Euro-Asia. These trypanosomoses affect a very wide range of domestic animals and game and negatively impact on the development of the animal industry, thus directly affecting national economies and people's livelihoods.

Access and use of agricultural records at Uganda National Archives and Records Centre

This paper focused on access and use of agriculture archives at the Uganda National Archives and Records Centre (NARC) in Kampala. The objectives of this study were to identify the agriculture archives at the NARC, establish the number of MAAIF and NARI staff that consult the agriculture archives, assess researcher’s opinion on agriculture archives in promoting agriculture research, identify challenges of access and use; and make suggestions for enhancing access and use of agriculture archives at NARC. The study purposively sampled five NARC archivists, seven directors of the National Agricultural Research Institutes (NARIs) and 15 heads of departments in the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF). Data was collected using interviews, observations and document analysis. Data was categorised into themes and the content reported in narrative form. The findings revealed that the NARC had a limited collection of agriculture archives due to the fact that there was no mechanism to collect all agriculture archives from the creating agencies, including MAAIF and NARI. Neither was there a mechanism for promoting access to and use of agriculture archives. The study recommends that the NARC should have a spelt-out budget to carry out documentation, collection and promotion of access and use of agriculture archives.

Dr. Theobald Smith. - On a local vascular Disturbance of the Fetus, probably due to the Injection of Tuberculin in the pregnant Cow. - From the Pathological Laboratory of the Bureau of Animal Industry of the United States Departament of Agriculture. - (New-Jork Medic. Journ., 1895, 23 / II, p. 233). - About local disorders of blood circulation in the embryo, caused by the injection of mother's tuberculin. - Experiments on animals, produced in the laboratory of the Department of Agriculture, Sv.-Am. Conn. States.

The two observations described below are interesting in the sense of confirming the widespread in the public opinion of the reflection on the embryo of different impressions of the mother; these observations are more valuable than those produced on animals.

Pathogenicity of Feed-Borne Bacillus Cereus and Its Implication on Food Safety

Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) is a novel emerging pathogen contaminated extensively in animal feed and food chains, posing a huge economic loss for animal industry and high risk for human health. This pathogen is a robust omnipresent heat resistant spore former, able to form biofilm and isolated from different environments such as food and atmosphere that occur all year round without any particular geographic distribution. The potential of survival for B. cereus spores in unfavorable conditions pose a considerable threat to food safety and also cause economic losses to the food industry. B. cereus aggravates acute diarrhea and malnourishment in poultry by inducing gizzard erosion and ulceration (GEU). It will facilitate persistent other bacterial infection in the lungs via damaging gastric intestine tract. Also, it can cause serious food safety because it seems difficult to fully prevent their presence in food. It may cause gastrointestinal diseases that trigger emetic and diarrheal symptoms as well as general and local infections related to the respiratory tracts of immunologically threatened individual and newborns. B. cereus produces a wide range of potential virulence factors, including heat stable/labile toxins (cerulide, NHE, HBL, CytK, Ent-FM, bc-D-ENT, CLO, HlyII, HlyIII) and tissue-destructive enzymes (PI-PLC, PC-PLC, SMase, β-lactamase, InhA1, NprA), but their roles and molecular mechanism in specific infections have not been clarified yet. This review provided a historical record of possible risk factors and pathogenesis of animal industry and highlights the implications for animal industry and food safety by ingestion of the feed-borne Bacillus cereus.