Quantitative Evaluation of Color, Firmness, and Soluble Solid Content of Korla Fragrant Pears via IRIV and LS-SVM

Customers pay significant attention to the organoleptic and physicochemical attributes of their food with the improvement of their living standards. In this work, near infrared hyperspectral technology was used to evaluate the one-color parameter, a*, firmness, and soluble solid content (SSC) of Korla fragrant pears. Moreover, iteratively retaining informative variables (IRIV) and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) were applied together to construct evaluating models for their quality parameters. A set of 200 samples was chosen and its hyperspectral data were acquired by using a hyperspectral imaging system. Optimal spectral preprocessing methods were selected to obtain out partial least square regression models (PLSRs). The results show that the combination of multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and Savitsky-Golay (S-G) is the most effective spectral preprocessing method to evaluate the quality parameters of the fruit. Different characteristic wavelengths were selected to evaluate the a* value, the firmness, and the SSC of the Korla fragrant pears, respectively, after the 6 iterations. These values were obtained via IRIV and the reverse elimination method. The correlation coefficients of the validation set of the a* value, the firmness, and the SSC measure 0.927, 0.948, and 0.953, respectively. Furthermore, the values of the regression error weight, γ, and the kernel function parameter, σ2, for the same parameters measure (8.67 × 104, 1.21 × 103), (1.45 × 104, 2.93 × 104), and (2.37 × 105, 3.80 × 103), respectively. This study demonstrates that the combination of LS-SVM and IRIV can be used to evaluate the a* value, the firmness, and the SSC of Korla fragrant pears to define their grade.

Effect of Deutetrabenazine on Metabolic Parameters in the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia

BackgroundDeutetrabenazine, a novel vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, is approved by the FDA for treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in adults. Dopamine-receptor antagonists (DRAs) are associated with worsening of metabolic parameters, including weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and elevated blood glucose. This post hoc analysis assessed the short- and long-term effects of deutetrabenazine treatment on weight and metabolic parameters in individuals treated for TD.MethodsTwo 12-week, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of deutetrabenazine for patients with TD evaluated either fixed dosing (AIM-TD; 12, 24, or 36 mg) or dose titration (ARM-TD; max dose, 48 mg/day). Patients completing ARM-TD or AIM-TD were included in an open-label extension (OLE) study, in which all patients underwent response-driven titration of deutetrabenazine from 12 mg/day up to a maximum total dose of 48 mg/day. Weight, body mass index (BMI), serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, and serum triglycerides were evaluated at baseline and during treatment in the RCTs and in the OLE.ResultsIn the RCTs, 282 and 133 patients received deutetrabenazine or placebo. At baseline, 77% of patients used DRAs. At Week 12, no meaningful changes in weight were observed, with mean (standard error) weight changes of 0.9–1.2 (0.3–0.5) and 0.2 (0.3) kg in the deutetrabenazine and placebo groups, respectively, and mean BMI changes of 0.3–0.5 (0.1–0.2) and 0.1 (0.1) kg/m2. 337 patients were included in the analysis of the OLE study. No meaningful changes were observed in weight (mean change: 0.4 [0.4] kg at Week 54, –0.5 [0.6] kg at Week 106, and –1.1 [0.6] kg at Week 145) or BMI (mean change: 0.1 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 54, –0.2 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 106, and –0.3 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 145). Across the studies, no meaningful changes were observed in triglyceride, cholesterol, or glucose levels.ConclusionDeutetrabenazine does not affect common metabolic parameters in patients with TD, even during long-term exposure.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel

High Velocity Lane Keeping Control Method Based on the Non-Smooth Finite-Time Control for Electric Vehicle Driven by Four Wheels Independently

In order to improve the output response and robustness of the lane keeping controller for the electric vehicle driven by four wheels independently (EV-DFWI), the article proposes a lane keeping controller based on the non-smooth finite-time (NoS-FT) control method. Firstly, a lane keeping control (LKC) model was built for the EV-DFWI. Secondly, a tracking method and error weight superposition method to track error computing for the lane keeping control based on the LKC model are proposed according to the lane line information. Thirdly, a NoS-FT controller was constructed for lane keeping. It is proved that the NoS-FT controller can stabilize the system by the direct Lyapunov method. Finally, the simulations were carried out to verify that the NoS-FT controller can keep the vehicle running in the desired lane with the straight road, constant curvature road, varied curvature road, and S-bend road. The simulation results show that the NoS-FT controller has better effectiveness than the PID controller. The contributions of this article are that two kinds of tracking error computing methods of lane keeping control are proposed to deal with different conditions, and a Non-FT lane keeping controller is designed to keep the EV-DFWI running in the desired lane suffering external disturbances.

TOP EVALUATION FOR THE RA TION FOR THE RATE OF FUNC TE OF FUNCTIONAL OF ERROR AL OF ERROR WEIGHT CUBATURE FORMUL TURE FORMULA IN SP A IN SPACE

An upper bound is obtained for the norm of the error functional of the weight cubature formula in the Sobolev space . The modern formulation of the problem of optimization of approximate integration formulas is to minimize the norm of the error functional of the formula on the selected normalized spaces. In these works, the problem of optimality with respect to some definite space is investigated. Most of the problems are considered in the Sobolev space

Analisis Peramalan Stok Barang dengan Metode Weight Moving Average dan Double Exponential Smoothing pada Jovita Ms Glow Lamongan

Jovita MS Glow Lamongan merupakan agen yang menjual produk kecantikan dari brand MS Glow, produk yang dijual di antaranya perawatan wajah, tubuh, kosmetik dengan perkembangan penjualan dari bulan ke bulan semakin meningkat maka dibutuhkan perhitungan perkiraan jumlah barang yang akan dibeli untuk meramalkan persediaan barang bulan berikutnya. Persediaan barang yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan kerugian maka perlu adanya sistem peramalan. Oleh karena itu penelitian menggunakan metode Weight Moving Average dan Double Exponential Smoothing untuk menentukan nilai error yang lebih kecil. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini mulai bulan Januari 2015 sampai bulan Desember 2016. Metode Weight Moving Average yaitu metode yang memberikan bobot yang berbeda untuk setiap historis sedangkan Metode Double Exponential Smoothing merupakan metode yang memiliki nilai pemulusan dua kali pada waktu sebelum data sebenarnya. Hasil peramalan kedua metode ini menghasilkan nilai error Weight Moving Average yaitu 698.7180 dan Double Exponential Smoothing yaitu 1.429.1015, sehingga Weight Moving Average adalah metode yang tepat digunakan untuk meramalkan persediaan barang karena memiliki nilai error yang lebih kecil.

Replacing oat hay with coffee husk in the feed of finishing lambs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of replacing oat hay with coffee husk for the feeding of confined lambs. In this study, 24 male Texel lambs of approximately 60 days of age and with a mean ± standard error weight of 21.95 ± 5.81 kg were examined. Their diet was composed of 30% oat hay and 70% concentrated feed per kilogram of dry matter. The experimental design was randomized and included four treatments (0, 7.5, 15, and 22.5% of coffee husk in the total dry matter), with six replicates of each treatment. The animals were slaughtered when they reached a mean live weight of 32 kg. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake and mean daily weight gain (which were 197 g day-1) among treatments. The mean daily weight gain (DWG) was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the replacement of oat hay with coffee husk in the diet, with the overall mean DWG being 215.05 g day-1. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments in any of the studied carcass variables, and the mean true carcass yield was 53.9%. The lambs presented a mean finishing score of 2.96 (on a scale of 1 to 5) and a conformation of 4.21 (on a scale of 1 to 6), characterizing them as good carcasses. In terms of economic viability, the 7.5% diet stood out as the one that had the highest profitability, generating a profit of $ 3.25 USD per kg of carcass produced. Coffee husk can therefore replace oat hay in the feed of finishing lambs in concentrations of 0.075 to 0.225 kg kg-¹ of total dry matter with biological and economical efficacy and generating good commercial carcasses.

An RSSD-Based Fingerprint Positioning Method for Detection of an Unknown Radio Transmitter Using WLS and Factor Graph

Realizing accurate detection of an unknown radio transmitter (URT) has become a challenge problem due to its unknown parameter information. A method based on received signal strength difference (RSSD) fingerprint positioning technique and using factor graph (FG) has been successfully developed to achieve the localization of an URT. However, the RSSD-based FG model is not accurate enough to express the relationship between the RSSD and the corresponding location coordinates since the RSSD variances of reference points are different in practice. This paper proposes an enhanced RSSD-based FG algorithm using weighted least square (WLS) to effectively reduce the impact of RSSD measurement variance difference on positioning accuracy. By the use of stochastic RSSD errors between the measured value and the estimated value of the selected reference points, we utilize the error weight matrix to establish a new WLSFG model. Then, the positioning process of proposed RSSD-WLSFG algorithm is derived with the sum-product principle. In addition, the paper also explores the effects of different access point (AP) numbers and grid distances on positioning accuracy. The simulation experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain the best positioning performance compared with the conventional RSSD-based K nearest neighbor (RSSD-KNN) and RSSD-FG algorithms in the case of different AP numbers and grid distances.