SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS' PREPARATION, CHALLENGES, AND COPING MECHANISM IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BRIGADA ESKWELA IN THE NEW NORMAL

During the COVID-19 pandemic, education changed dramatically, notably in school-community engagement. School administrators prepared for and implemented the novel adopt-a-school program, Brigada Eskwela, by adopting the Department’s Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan. This program is feasible but not without difficulties. As a result, this phenomenological research examined Cluster IV secondary and integrated school administrators’ experiences in the Division of Davao City implementing the adopt-a-school program: Brigada Eskwela in the new normal. The researcher selected the participants via purposive sampling through remote physical and video conferencing of one-on-one in-depth interviews. The findings revealed that school administrators prepared for the transition of the adopt-a-school program: Brigada Eskwela, including overcoming challenges and developing coping mechanisms in the face of the new normal. Collaboration and partnership programs of stakeholders and private partners will address their resources and training needs to manage the school effectively for improved student learning outcomes. It is truly a community for students’ new normal education. KEYWORDS: Phenomenological research, Cluster IV secondary, and integrated school administrators, experiences, implementation, adopt-a-school program: Brigada Eskwela

Understanding How International Students from the Caribbean Arrive at the Decision to Remain within the United States Post-Graduation and the Connection to Brain Drain

Using a phenomenological research design and a sample of six international students, who remained within the United States post-completion of their highest earned degree, the authors examined the underlying considerations participants made during their decision-making process. The interview questions posed to participants included the following: (i) what experiences have led you to remain within the United States after your highest level of education, (ii) tell me about the process you undertook towards arriving at that decision, and (iii) tell me about people at your institution who were instrumental in helping you make that decision. The results revealed that all six participants relied on the following considerations: economical, political, and social, which contributed to their decision. For all the participants, lack of job opportunities and receiving low salaries or wages back home played a key role in their decision to remain within the United States.

Fusing Approaches in Educational Research: Data Collection and Data Analysis in Phenomenological Research

One of the aims of human sciences seek to understand the essences and meanings of human experiences by focusing on philosophical, epistemological, methodological, and linguistic principles through transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutics, two philosophies and research methodologies central to qualitative research. Therefore, fusing approaches provides a space where both epistemology and methodology within both traditions can merge to yield meaning and understanding, and at the same time, offer a new approach to dealing with data collection and data analysis without neglecting or distorting original leading concepts. Fusing approaches comes into being as the merging of overlapping and deferring epistemological, methodological, and rhetorical assumptions that a researcher brings into play and actually puts into practice sustaining a purposeful and explicit sense of neutrality to assure methodological trustworthiness. Moved by my sensitivity to lived experience, in this paper, I explicate in a step-by-step fashion the combination of Moustakas’ modification of Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method of phenomenological analysis and Van Manen’s (1990) hermeneutic approach to phenomenology in data collection and analysis. In fusing approaches, I encourage researchers to generate knowledge and show understanding emanated from both transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutics sustaining a deep sense of neutrality, co-creation, thoughtfulness, and rigor.

Phenomenology

This chapter provides an insight into the origins and traditions of phenomenology as both philosophy and methodology. Emphasis is placed in the earlier parts of the chapter on the delineation between Husserl and Heidegger, the forefathers of the discipline, whose work into epistemology and ontology have fundamentally shaped contemporary qualitative research. Understanding the key concepts of epoché and the implications of the ‘self' within phenomenological research are explicated so that the reader can consider the practicalities of whether it is possible to suspend presupposition and epistemic bias, or whether the ‘self' is something that has simply to be acknowledged as having a fundamental relevance to what and how interpretation is undertaken and how this has a consequent and tangible impact on research findings. The latter part of the chapter gives an insight into interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as one contemporary approach to the integration of phenomenological research methods.

Husserlian-Oriented Descriptive Phenomenological Research Methodology

This chapter aims to extend the current body of knowledge about phenomenological research methodologies. By focusing exclusively on the Husserlian-oriented descriptive phenomenological methodology, (1) the authors will first provide a brief introduction to Husserl's phenomenology. (2) They will then give a thorough delineation of Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological psychological methodology, which is underpinned by Husserl's phenomenological philosophy. They will subsequently describe in detail methods of data gathering and the method of data analysis of this phenomenological methodology. (3) Finally, they will borrow raw data from published empirical research to demonstrate the application of this data analysis method.

Hermeneutic Phenomenology

In this chapter, the qualitative research methodology known as hermeneutic phenomenology was explored beginning with a brief historical overview of phenomenology and hermeneutic phenomenology followed by a conceptualization of hermeneutic phenomenology. As elements of the hermeneutic phenomenological research process were explored, practical applications were provided as exemplars of each component of the process including participant selection, the hermeneutic circle, forestructures, data collection, management, and analysis. These application exemplars were presented in italics and labeled as applications. Attempts were made to contextualize the methodology in ways understandable to doctoral students seeking a methodological framework within which to situate their own research. Finally, sample completed studies utilizing hermeneutic phenomenology were referenced.

ANALISIS PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN TATA BOGA SISWA KELAS XI SMKN 4 KOTA JAMBI MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH

The purpose of this study to describe implementation of prakerin, achievement of students on the competence of Tata Boga in PJJ SMKN 4 Jambi City. Research method used is qualitative through phenomenological research with purposive sampling techniques, instruments used, namely observation, interview and data analysis refer to Miles and Huberman's theory. The results of observation obtained implementation of prakerin during covid-19 pandemic was not carried out for a full 6 months, but implementation of prakerin was carried out for 2 (two) months in DU/DI. The results of interview were obtained after carrying out prakerin, students gained new experience in the field of food and beverage processing, and knew the stages of food and beverage processing both about cookie dough, texture of cake dough and so on, new knowledge and experience in the industrial world and in the business world. Students use online applications and mobile media tools during PJJ to achieve competency skills tata boga.

Phenomenological Analysis of the Meaning of Life in of People Who Experience Mental Illness

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of life in patients with mental illness.Methods: This study used a phenomenological research approach. Subjects were recruited from shared living houses or rehabilitation facilities. Subjects had received treatment for mental illness. An in-depth interview was conducted for data collection from June 2019 to September 2019.Results: Three themes of the meaning of life were identified; 1. discovering their own power to keep away from a shaky life, 2. expanding into a safe relationship, and 3. developing towards a more valuable life.Conclusion: The meaning of life for subjects who experienced mental illness was that they felt helpless in the process of endless mental illness, but they realized the value of accepting the disease and living their daily lives and tried to restore close relationships with people and live the life they desired.