FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK BALITA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

<em>Stunting is stunted growth in children due to malnutrition. It can affect children's cognitive and physical development, increase the risk of infection, and significantly contribute to child morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in children under five (13-59 months). The study used a case-control design to compare previous exposure to stunting and normal children under five. Measurements and interviews were conducted with 120 children under five and their mothers. The SPSS (24.0) was used for the Chi-square and Odds Ratio (alpha = 5%) test. The study found the risk factors for stunting under five, poor income (OR = 4.75; 95% CI 2.18-10.33), not getting exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 5.29; 95% CI 2.39-11.68) ), there is no access to clean water (OR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.42–6.32), and healthy latrines (OR = 3.73; 95% CI 1.75-7.94). Increasing the nutritional status of pre-pregnant and pregnant women and access to clean water and healthy latrines to prevent infection is an urgent need to be implemented immediately.</em><p> </p>

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG MAJA (Aegle marmelos L) TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA NYAMUK Anopheles sp.

<em>Malaria is one of the public health problems that can cause death in infants, children under five, pregnant women and reduces work productivity. Vector control by chemical means leads to vector resistance and environmental pollution and negatively impacts public and animal health. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the bark extract of Maja (Aegle marmelos L) against the death of Anopheles sp mosquito larvae with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 50% and the observation of contact times every 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Factorial. Extraction used maceration method, with 70% ethanol as solvent. Larvae of Anopheles sp. instar III obtained from malaria endemic area. The test used a 200 ml container, with two replications. All data were analyzed by two way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. This study obtained mortality of 93.3% larvae at a concentration of 50% and a contact time of 120 minutes. The results of statistical analysis showed a significant effect of concentration (p=0.0001), contact time (p=0.0001), and interaction concentration-contact time (p=0.004) on the mortality of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae. This study has proven the use of bark extract of Maja (Aegle marmelos L) as an alternative bio-insecticide in controlling mosquito larvae of Anopheles sp.</em>

HUBUNGAN FAKTOR IKLIM DENGAN KASUS DBD DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG TAHUN 2015 – 2019

<em>Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) case in Bandar Lampung City shows an increasing trend of cases. In 2014, the number of cases was 389 cases; by the end of 2018, it had increased to 1,114 cases. Climatic factors are thought to have contributed to the increase in cases. This study aims to determine the relationship between climate factors and the number of dengue cases in 2015-2019. The study used secondary data with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained from the Bandar Lampung City Health Office and the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). Univariate analysis with Mean, Median, Minimum-Maximum. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was carried out to determine the normality of the data, followed by bivariate analysis with Pearson Correlation and Spearman's Rank. Multivariate analysis was performed with Linear Regression by considering the regression assumption. The study found that more dengue cases were in January, February, March. A negative correlation was shown between temperature and the incidence of DHF (r=-0.274; p-value=0.038), and a positive correlation with humidity (r=0.390; p-value=0.002), and rainfall (r=0.370; p-value= 0.005). Air humidity and rainfall affect the number of dengue cases, respectively 33.0% and 30.5%. The results of this study have provided evidence of a relationship between climate factors and cases of DHF. It is hoped that this can be an input for the prevention and control of dengue fever.</em>

PENGETAHUAN, PERILAKU DAN LINGKUNGAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KECACINGAN ANAK DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR BAKUNG

<p>Kecacingan masih sering dijumpai di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Data <em>World Health Organization (WHO)</em> pada tahun 2015 lebih dari 1,5 miliar orang, atau 24% dari populasi dunia, terinfeksi cacing. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, perilaku dan lingkungan dengan kejadian kecacingan anak di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Bakung tahun 2017.</p><p>Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan <em>cross sectional </em>(potong lintang), bertujuan mengetahui hubungan dua variabel yaitu variabel bebas dan variebel terikat. Tempat penelitian di pembuangan akhir bakung dilakukan pada bulan mei - juni 2017. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak pemulung sampah berusia 1 – 12 tahun yang bermukim di tpa bakung sebanyak 55 orang.</p>Hasil penelitian melaporkan 89.9% anak berusia 1 – 12 tahun yang bermukim di TPA Bakung positif terinfeksi cacing. Hasil uji <em>chi-square</em> diperoleh tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan anak dengan kejadian kecacingan (p= 0.23), tidak ada hubungan antara perilaku anak dengan kejadian kecacingan (p=0.674) ada hubungan antara lingkungan anak dengan kejadian kecacingan (p=0.000).

GAMBARAN SANITASI DASAR PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN WAYHALIM KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

<p>Sanitasi Dasar sekolah adalah syarat kesehatan lingkungan minimal yang harus dipunyai oleh setiap sekolah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan siswa (i). Ruang lingkup sanitasi dasar yakni sarana penyediaan air bersih, sarana jamban, sarana pembuangan sampah, dan sarana pembuangan air limbah. Fungsi dari sanitasi dasar pada sekolah dasar yaitu sebagai upaya untuk pencegahan penyakit penyakit yang berbasis lingkungan, untuk membantu peran tenaga kesehatan dalam mempromosikan kesehatan kepada anak sekolah dasar. Tujuan Penelitian diketahuinya gambaran sanitasi dasar pada sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Wayhalim Kota Bandar Lampung.</p><p>Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yang dilakukan di seluruh sekolah dasar (n=14) di Kecamatan Wayhalim Kota Bandar Lampung. Pengumpulan data dengan pengukuran, observasi dan wawancara.<em> </em>Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Februari-Mei 2017.</p>Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa sarana air bersih menggunakan sumur bor (71,4%), sumur gali (21,4%), dan PDAM (7,1%). Seluruh sekolah memiliki toilet atau urinoir dan sebagian terpisah antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebanyak 57,14% sekolah dasar menggunakan SPAL yang tidak tertutup sehingga menjadi tempat perindukan vektor. Seluruh sekolah telah memiliki tempat penampungan sampah.