scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK BALITA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Milantika Kristanti ◽  
Nayla Kamilia Fithri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Child Morbidity

<em>Stunting is stunted growth in children due to malnutrition. It can affect children's cognitive and physical development, increase the risk of infection, and significantly contribute to child morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in children under five (13-59 months). The study used a case-control design to compare previous exposure to stunting and normal children under five. Measurements and interviews were conducted with 120 children under five and their mothers. The SPSS (24.0) was used for the Chi-square and Odds Ratio (alpha = 5%) test. The study found the risk factors for stunting under five, poor income (OR = 4.75; 95% CI 2.18-10.33), not getting exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 5.29; 95% CI 2.39-11.68) ), there is no access to clean water (OR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.42–6.32), and healthy latrines (OR = 3.73; 95% CI 1.75-7.94). Increasing the nutritional status of pre-pregnant and pregnant women and access to clean water and healthy latrines to prevent infection is an urgent need to be implemented immediately.</em><p> </p>

scholarly journals Faktor risiko gizi buruk pada balita di Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Eka Prasetia Hati Baculu ◽  
M Juffrie ◽  
Siti Helmyati
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Background: Severe malnutrition is a state of severe malnourished condition caused by low consumption of energy and protein in a long time. Severe malnutrition interferes the children growth and development, moreover malnourished children are vulnerable to get infectious diseases, even the death.</p><p>Objectives: To analyze the risk factors of severe malnutrition among children under five in Donggala, Central of Sulawesi Province.</p><p>Methods: This study used case-control (observational study). The study was conducted in District Dampelas Donggala on July to September 2014. The population was all children underfive selected by total sampling method. The samples were 64 children aged 0-59 months which separated into 2 groups,<br />case and control group.The independent variables were the level of energy intake of protein, parenting, and infectious diseases, while the dependent variable was the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five. Data were obtained by direct interview using questionnaire and recall 24 hours to determine the level of energy and protein intake. The data collected were analyzed using univariate analysis (descriptive), bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression).</p><p>Results: The result of this study based on the bivariate analysis presented that the level of energy intake (OR=9.86, 95% CI:3.49-27.89), infectious disease (OR=2.83, 95% CI:1.10-7.31), and as low birth weight external variables (OR=5.76, 95% CI:1.43-23.20) signifi cantly associated with the incidence of severe malnutrition. There were no significant association between the level of protein intake (OR=1.18, 95% CI:0.47-2.92) and parenting (OR=1.21, 95% CI:0.50-2.92) with the incidence of severe malnutrition. In the other hand, based on multivariate analysis by controlling the variable of low birth weight history, this study’s result presented that the level of energy intake had the strongest association with the risk of incidence of severe malnutrition compared to the other variables.</p><p>Conclusions: The level of energy intake and infectious disease were the risk factors for the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five, while the level of protein intake and parenting were not.</p><p>KEYWORDS: children underfive, energy, infectious disease, parenting, protein, severe malnutrition</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Gizi buruk adalah keadaan kurang gizi tingkat berat yang disebabkan oleh rendahnya konsumsi energi dan protein dalam waktu cukup lama. Kekurangan gizi selain mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, dapat pula mengakibatkan balita rentan terhadap penyakit infeksi bahkan dapat<br />menyebabkan kematian.</p><p>Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada balita di Kabupaten Donggala, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.</p><p>Metode: Jenis penelitian ini observasional dengan rancangan case-control. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Dampelas, Kabupaten Donggala pada bulan Juli sampai September 2014. Populasi adalah semua balita dan sampel ditentukan dengan metode total sampling. Balita usia 0–59 bulan yang berjumlah 64 dimasukkan pada masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Variabel bebas yaitu tingkat asupan energi protein, pola asuh, dan penyakit infeksi sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kejadian gizi buruk pada balita. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dan recall 24 jam untuk mengetahui tingkat asupan energi dan protein. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat (deskriptif), bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik berganda).</p><p>Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi (OR=9,86, 95% CI:3,49-27,89), penyakit infeksi (OR=2,83, 95% CI:1,10-7,31), dan variabel luar BBLR (OR=5,76, 95% CI:1,43-23,20) berhubungan signifikan dengan gizi buruk. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat asupan protein (OR=1,18, 95%CI:0,47-2,92) dan pola asuh (OR=1,21, 95%CI:0,50-2,92) dengan gizi buruk. Hasil analisis multivariat dengan mengendalikan riwayat BBLR menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi memiliki hubungan kuat dengan risiko kejadian gizi buruk dibandingkan variabel lainnya.</p><p>Kesimpulan: Tingkat asupan energi dan penyakit infeksi merupakan faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada<br />balita, sedangkan tingkat asupan protein dan pola asuh bukan merupakan faktor risiko.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: balita, energi, penyakit infeksi, pola asuh, protein, gizi buruk, gizi</p>

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Harriet U. Ugboko ◽  
Obinna C. Nwinyi ◽  
Solomon U. Oranusi ◽  
Fasina F. Fagbeminiyi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Right

Diarrhoea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequent passage than is normal for an individual. Diarrhoea alters the microbiome, thus the immune system, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. This study evaluated the association between the risk factors and diarrhoea prevalence among children under five years in Lagos and Ogun States, located in Southwest Nigeria. Participants included 280 women aged 15–49 years and children aged 0–59 months. The study used quantitative data, which were assessed by a structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013. The relationships and/or association between variables were evaluated using Pearson's Chi Square and logistic regression tests. One hundred and eighteen (42%) of the children were male, and 162 (58%) were female. The majority of the children belonged to the age group 0–11 months (166). Age ( p = 0.113 ) and gender ( p = 0.366 ) showed no significant association with diarrhoea among the children. The majority of the mothers belonged to the age group 30–34. Multivariate analysis showed that the mother's level of education (95% CI for OR = 11.45; P = 0.0001 ) and family income (95% CI for OR = 7.61, P = 0.0001 ) were the most significant risk factors for diarrhoea among children. Mother’s educational status, mother's employment, and family income were the factors significantly associated with diarrhoea in Southwest Nigeria. The study recommends that female education should be encouraged by the right government policy to enhance the achievement of the sustainable development goal three (SDG 3) for the possible reduction of neonates and infants' deaths in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Determinan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Berdasarkan Indikator Pilar 1, 2 dan 3 Program STBM di Wilayah Puskesmas Banjarangkan II, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280
Author(s):  
Utami Dwipayanti
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Chi Square Test

Diarrhea remains an important health issues in Klungkung Regency. Community Based Total Sanitation Program (STBM) is a national program that aims to reduce diarrhoea incidence by changging people’s sanitation behavior. The objective of the research is to examine factors related to the aspect of pilar 1, 2 and 3 of STBM program towards diarrhea case among children under five in the catchment area of Puskesmas Banjarangkan II, Klungkung. This research is an observasional research with case control design on 37 mothers of children with diarrhea as cases and 37 controls. Demographic information, access and practice related to pilar 1,2,3 of STBM were collected using questionnaire developed based on STBM verification form. The data was analysed using Chi Square test and logistic regression. Aspects of Pillars 1,2 and 3 STBM program significantly associate with diarrhea incidence among children under five in Banjarangkan II Health Center catchment area, namely the quality of toilet and hand washing facilities, and hand washing with soap behavior at five critical. The logistic regression shows that determinants of diarrhea include the quality of toilet (AOR= 12.08), the quality of hand washing facilities (AOR= 9,43) and hand washing with soap behaviour before taking care and feeding the infant (AOR= 9,88). It is recommended for future implementation and monitoring of STBM program to emphasise more on the hygienic quality of toilet and hand washing facilities, as well as the hand washing behaviour in five critical times beside on the time after defecating. Keywords : diarrhea, hand washing, food hygiene, toilet, total sanitation Abstrak Diare masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Klungkung. Program Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) merupakan salah satu program yang bertujuan menurunkan kejadian diare dengan mengubah perilaku sanitasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor Aspek Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) Pilar 1, 2 dan 3 terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Banjarangkan II di Kecamatan Banjarangkan Kabupaten Klungkung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain Case Control yang dilakukan terhadap 37 ibu balita sebagai kasus dan 37 ibu balita sebagai kontrol. Informasi demografi, akses dan praktik terkait pilar 1,2,3 STBM dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner yang dikembangkan berdasarkan formulir verifikasi STBM. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik. Aspek STBM pilar 1,2 dan 3 yang berhubungan bermakna terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Banjarangkan II yaitu kualitas sarana sanitasi jamban, kualitas sarana Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS), dan kebiasaan mencuci tangan pakai sabun di 5 waktu kritis. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan determinan kejadian diare di wilayah studi adalah kualitas sarana jamban (AOR= 12.08), kualitas sarana CTPS (AOR= 9,43) dan kebiasaan mencuci tangan pakai sabun sebelum mengurus dan memberi makan balita(AOR= 9,88). Penekanan terhadap kualitas sarana sanitasi dan CTPS, serta perilaku CTPS di 5 waktu kritis selain setelah BAB sangat perlu dilakukan dalam program lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: diare,cuci tangan, higiene makanan, jamban,sanitasi total

scholarly journals Determinan Kejadian Campak Pada Anak Usia Balita di Kota Bukittinggi

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Harisnal Harisnal ◽  
Dina Ediana
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Immunization Status

<p><em>The incidence of measles in the city of Bukittinggi has increased in 2016, namely 77 cases, 40 cases (51.9%) among them in infants. The initial survey of 10 samples found that 40% experienced measles, 50% never had measles immunization, 70% said they did not give exclusive breastfeeding when they were babies. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with measles in children under five. Analytical research method with case control design. The population of all children under five, suffering from measles in 2016 was 40 people. Samples were taken by total sampling, and control samples were taken matching. Data was collected through guided interviews and observations, and data was processed computerically with chi-square statistical tests. The results of univariate analysis revealed that 66.7% of the samples were in the control group (66.7%), measles immunization, 73.3%, exclusive breastfeeding, and 57.5% had densely populated homes. Bivariate results, there was a relationship between immunization status ( p = 0,000 and OR = 10.7), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.034 and OR = 2.667) and occupancy density (p = 0.003 and OR = 3.807). It was concluded that the factors associated with the incidence of measles were immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding and occupancy density. There needs to be counseling about the disease, continuity from the officers so that the community understands and is aware of the importance of efforts to prevent measles.</em></p><p> </p><p>Kejadian penyakit campak di Kota Bukittinggi mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2016, yaitu 77 kasus, 40 kasus (51,9 %) diantaranya pada balita. Survei awal terhadap 10 sampel, didapatkan bahwa 40% mengalami kejadian campak, 50% tidak pernah melakukan imunisasi campak, 70% mengatakan tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif saat bayi, Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian campak pada anak usia balita. Metode penelitian analitik dengan desain case control. Populasi seluruh anak usia balita, menderita penyakit campak pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 40 orang. Sampel diambil secara total sampling, dan sampel kontrol diambil secara matching. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terpimpin dan observasi, dan data diolah secara komputerisasi dengan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil analisis univariat diketahui 66,7 % sampel merupakan kelompok kontrol, (66,7 %),  imunisasi  campak, 73,3 %, ASI eksklusif , dan 57,5 % memiliki rumah padat penghuni.Hasil bivariat, adanya hubungan antara status imunisasi (p=0,000dan OR =10,7), pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=0,034dan OR =2,667) dan kepadatan hunian (p=0,003dan OR =3,807). Disimpulkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian campak adalah status imunisasi, pemberian ASI eksklusif dan kepadatan hunian.Perlu adanya penyuluhan tentang penyakit, berkesinambungan dari petugas sehingga masyarakat lebih memahami serta menyadari tentang pentingnya upaya pencegahan penyakit campak.</p>

scholarly journals The Risk Factors of Pneumonia Disesase at Babies Under Five Years Old Based on Measles Imune Status and Breast Freeding Exclusive Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Dian Eka Puspitasari ◽  
Fariani Syahrul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Big Ten ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Pneumonia Case ◽  
Independent Variable

The amount of pneumonia case toward children under five years old tends to increase in Surabaya city every years. It is one of the big ten disease attacked to children in ganesa room Bhakti Dharma Husada hospital during 2011–2013. The purpose of this research to analyze the risk factors of those children based on measles imune status and breast freeding exclusive status. This kind of research is analytical observational within case control designed. The sample of this research consist of 20 case sample (the injuries children of pneumonia) and was taken from totally population and 40 control sample (not injuries children of pneumonia) was derived from random sampling. The independent variable are measles imune status and breast freeding exclusive status, even though the dependent variable is pneumonia disease at children under five years old. The data analysis by calculating odds ratio and using statcalc in the level 95% confidence interval. The result of this research showed that the most injuries children of pneumonia are male of 1–<2 years old. Those the children who didn’t get measles imune can be attacked pneumonia disease for 10,23 higher than children get measles imune; 95% CI (1,60–107,95) and the last the children who didn’t get breast freeding exclusive can be attacked pneumonia disease for 7,00 higher than children that get breast freeding exclusive; 95% (1,82–29,49). The importance of raising the awareness of parents regarding measles immunization and exclusive breastfeeding can prevent occurrence pneumunia in infants..Keywords: pneumonia disease at babies under five years old, measles imune status, and Breast Freeding exclusive status

scholarly journals Exploring Pneumonia Risk Factors in Slum and Non-Slum Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Kartika Dwi Rohimawati ◽  
Yustini Ardillah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Slum Areas

Background: Pneumonia remains a health concern that is the most significant contributor to the mortality of children under five years old in the world. The environment and immunization history, exclusive breastfeeding, and nutritional status become risk factors for children's pneumonia. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for pneumonia in infants in the slum and non-slum areas of Palembang City. Methods: This study used a case-control study design. This population study was all children under five years old who lived in the slum and non-slum Areas of Palembang City. The sample in this study was 84 samples with a ratio of 1:1. Analysis data used univariate and bivariate with chi-square. Results: This study found that in slums showed 5 independent variables related to the incidence of pneumonia in children under five years old, those variables were immunization status (OR=5.2; CI 95%= 1.367-19.774), exclusive breastfeeding (OR= 5.667; CI 95%= 1.411-22.761), humidity (OR= 7.125; CI 95%= 1.309-38.771), ventilation area (OR= 5.2; CI 95%= 1.367-19.774) and occupancy density (OR= 6,9; CI 95%= 1,702-28,026). Whereas in the slums areas, there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding (OR= 8; CI 95%= 1.790-35.774), nutritional status(OR= 5.67; CI 95%= 1.411-22.761), humidity (OR= 6.9; CI 95%= 1.702-28.026), and exposure to cigarette smoke (OR= 5.4; CI 95%= 1.226-24.261) with the case of pneumonia in children under five years old. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding and humidity are risk factors for pneumonia in children under five years old in the slum and non-slum areas of Palembang City.

scholarly journals Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in children under five years of age in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Brazil: a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Jorge da Fonseca Lima ◽  
Maria Júlia Gonçalves Mello ◽  
Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque ◽  
Maria Isabella Londres Lopes ◽  
George Henrique Cordeiro Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Anaemia among Children under Five Years in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana: A Case Control Study

Anemia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Atta Parbey ◽  
Elvis Tarkang ◽  
Emmanuel Manu ◽  
Hubert Amu ◽  
Martin Amogre Ayanore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

Background. Anaemia is one of the major causes of death among children under five years in Ghana. We examined the risk factors of anaemia among children under five years in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Methods. This facility-based matched case control study recruited 210 children (70 cases and 140 controls) aged 6 to 59 months. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select mothers attending Child Welfare Clinic (CWC) for the screening of their children. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. Finger prick blood was collected to estimate the haemoglobin (Hb) level and thick film was prepared to determine malaria parasitaemia. Axillary temperature was measured using an +electronic thermometer and anthropometric measurements were done using a weighing scale and inelastic tape measure. Continuous variables were presented as means and standard deviations and categorical variables as frequencies and proportions. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association between the dependent and the independent variables. Statistical significance was considered at p value of <0.05. Results. The prevalence of anaemia was high (53.8%), while children whose mothers received iron supplementation during pregnancy were 7.64 times more likely to be anaemic compared with those who did not [AOR=7.64 (95% CI:1.41-41.20.93); p=0.018]. Children with poor dietary diversity were 9.15 times more likely to have anaemia [AOR=9.15 (95% CI: 3.13-26.82); p< 0.001]; and children whose mothers were farmers and traders were 83% [AOR = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05-0.60); p=0.006] and 79% [AOR=0.21 (95% CI: 0.06-0.74); p=0.014], respectively, less likely to have anaemia. Conclusion. The biologic, intermediate, and underlying factors that were significantly associated with anaemia comprised maternal iron supplementation, poor dietary diversity, farmers, and traders. Given that iron supplementation during pregnancy did not protect children against anaemia, we recommend the child’s nutritional dietary diversity is encouraged.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN AIR BERSIH DAN JAMBAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 761-769
Author(s):  
Hamzah B ◽  
Strahmawati Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
North Sulawesi

ABSTRACT Diarrhea is still a health problem in the world, there are about 2 million cases of diarrhea worldwide every year, and 1,9 million children under five years die from diarrhea every year. Diarrhea in Indonesia is an endemic disease and it is very potential for Extraordinary Events to occur. Diarrhea was the 3rd highest infectious disease in North Sulawesi in 2016 with a total of 23,881 cases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the use of clean water and the use of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Gogagoman Village, Kotamobagu City. This study used a cross sectional study design with a total sample of 130 children under five. The subject of this research is the mother/the closest person to the toddler. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire and an observation sheet. The data were then analyzed by univariate and bivariate using chi square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the use of clean water and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five (p = 0,036

scholarly journals The prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under five years in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury ◽  
Md Shafiur Rahman ◽  
Baki Billah ◽  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Nirmala K. P. Perera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background Childhood malnutrition in all its forms is a significant public health challenge for developing countries like Bangladesh. There is a gap in knowledge of the coexistence of various forms of malnutrition among children under five years (under-5) in Bangladesh. This study aims (i) describe prevalence and risk factors for the coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under-5 in Bangladesh. Methods This study included 6,610 and 7,357 under-5 children from Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys (BDHS) 2014 and 2017/18 respectively. Associations between coexistence stunting, wasting and underweight and socio-demographic factors were assessed by the Chi-square test and negative binomial regression. Results The prevalence of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight gradually declined from 5.2% in 2014 to 2.7% in 2017/18. Children of uneducated mothers ((Adjused incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 5.0, 95% CI 2.3, 11.0)); with low birth weights (aIRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4, 5.1); children of age group 36–47 months (aIRR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5, 4.1); and children of underweight mothers (aIRR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4, 2.7) were the most important risk factors. However, maternal educational status was not associated with coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under-5 in 2014 whereas in 2017/18 it was the most influential risk factor. Moreover, watching television less than once a week increased the risk of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight by 54% (aIRR 1.54, 95% CI 1.0, 2.4). Conclusions one out of thirty-five under-5 children were identified to have coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight in Bangladesh. The burden of malnutrition was disproportionate among uneducated mother, underweight mother, low birth weight and socio-economically poorest household. Our study indicates that there is a need for multi-level interventions from household level to societal level to reduce consequences of childhood malnutrition.

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