A Study of the Implementation Status of Two E-Governance Projects in Land Revenue Administration in India

This study is an attempt to benchmark two e-governance projects that totally revamped the existing revenue administration system in India. It employs Gartner (2000), Layne and Lee (2001) e-governance maturity models to assess the status of these land administration projects implemented in 15 Indian states. The study traces the current status, pace of implementation, integration of the projects across different levels and different functions of government, its benefits, transparency, accountability, and accessibility of the projects. It also identifies and investigates the gap that exists between the expected outcome and real outcome of the projects. Results shows that in states like Goa, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, where property registration project has been integrated with computerization of land records project, there exists a monitoring mechanism to facilitate genuine land transactions, and land records are automatically managed up-to-date with least human intervention. But, in all other states there is only sub-optimal utilization or non-utilization of assets, even after a decade of implementation.

E-Government Development

Almost all of the countries in the world are developing their online-government, or e-government (EG), systems with the support of information and communication technology (ICT). Countries are gradually enhancing their service scope, functionality, and flexibility to meet strategic goals set at the policy stage and to satisfy user requirements. For investment justification, necessary modifications, further development, and future guidelines assessing the performances of those EG projects are imperative for any country. This chapter is designed to develop a comprehensive model (E-government Performance Matrix – GPM) from the practitioner’s perspective to measure the performance of ongoing EG projects. This chapter has four sections with sub-sections.

Governing E-Government (E-Governance)

Public administrators face considerable challenges in their quest of reforming government. E-government initiatives are tiny steps taken in the above-mentioned direction. Various e-government initiatives have been categorically documented in the IS and NPM literature. However, a majority of these projects are either still underway or have failed due to the lack of a proper governance framework. The existing body of research on governance of e-government largely focuses on technological aspects. It has not put much emphasis on institutional structures such as control and monitoring, accountability, and responsibility that are antecedents to good governance. Moreover, a majority of existing models are conceptual in nature. They do not offer any mechanism whatsoever to operationalize the concept of governance for e-government. In this chapter, the authors propose a framework of operationalizing governance of e-government at the municipal level. The proposed framework is based on the RASCI model prevalent in the practitioner literature of the IS paradigm. Finally, the framework is linked with key performance indicators in order to validate it against set objectives of good governance.

An Empirical Effort to Validate Electronic-Government Adoption Model

This chapter then organizes results obtained from statistical analysis and interprets the findings. Finally, the chapter presents EG adoption models for different levels of service maturity. The five sections of the chapter with sub-sections present the theoretical design, methodology, analysis, discussion, and conclusion of the study.

The Demand Side for Development of E-Government Services and Gateway in Turkey

Representing the co-authors’ academic and practitioner background, this chapter provides the most-up-to-date information for an ongoing work on citizen-oriented e-government initiatives. The purpose of this work follows the importance, priority, and necessity of paying attention to citizen side, and aims to improve understanding and better address the citizen demands and expectations towards e-government public transformation. The research aims to question and understand better what citizens think regarding the currently available e-government services in Turkey. In response to this purpose and question, this work-in-progress chapter presents secondary information from literature review and context of the ongoing practical and academic works, and primary findings from both a preliminary and a recent study. These presented information and findings mostly represent practitioners’ viewpoint that is mostly based on the authors’ professional, academic, and personal involvement in the various aspects of the Turkey case, and in return are expected to provide certain input for the on-going practical affairs. As the research is a work-in-progress that traces long-lasting development and ongoing operations of e-government in practice, at this point, providing some suggestions and directions rather than concrete practical and theoretical implications is considered to have the most value. As a result, security, trust, ease of use, service, and information quality are determined to be significant for citizens’ perceptions and suggestions as factors that affect their usage of e-government services in Turkey. The resulting chapter first provides a relevant literature review then information about the history and latest developments in e-government from the perspective of citizen side. Following this background information, the preliminary descriptive study on citizen perceptions of demands and expectations conducted last year is reminded. Build upon these ongoing researches on the academic and practical side, latest research findings as a result of analysing citizens suggestions for E-Government Gateway (EGG) in Turkey are also shared. Finally, suggestions for future based on latest work are given.

Introduction to Electronic Government

This chapter is a general introduction to the development and adoption of Electronic-Government or e-government (EG). It addresses the background of EG, its origin and importance, stages of growth, and stakeholders. To be better able to conceptualize the functions, characteristics, and development stages of EG, some related issues, concepts, and paradigms must be understood. This chapter, designed to fill that need, deals with the introductory concepts of EG and related issues. It consists of four sections; section 3 has two sub-sections.

E-Government Adoption and Proliferation Across Different Stages of Evolution

Adoption by stakeholders is a key dimension of e-government success. Although some researchers have investigated the antecedents of e-government adoption by citizens, businesses, and other stakeholders, they have not studied the situation with regard to adoption and proliferation of e-government, as it progresses through various evolutionary stages. Assisted by relevant literature and authors’ experience, this chapter constructs the likely scenarios of e-government adoption and proliferation through the different stages of evolution. It emerges that each stage of e-government is associated with unique challenges and opportunities with respect to e-government proliferation and adoption by stakeholders. The circumstances presented by the individual stages for adoption and proliferation of e-government and ways to promote stakeholders’ adoption through those stages are discussed

The Roles of Intermediaries in E-Government Diffusion and Adoption

E-government diffusion and adoption is a global topic that concerns many developed and developing countries worldwide. However, global efforts to provide e-services to different stakeholders (citizens) differ from one country to another in terms of readiness, challenges, adoptions, and diffusions. These differences are due to the variation of technological, political, cultural, economic, and social differences. A numbers of studies on e-government have focused on the technological, economic, and political aspects of implementation while others have examined factors that influence citizens’ adoption of e-government services such as availability, accessibility, usability, and trust. This study will focus on the influence of intermediary roles played by a third party in helping diffusion and adoption of e-government. This chapter will use a case study approach to reflect the roles of intermediaries on e-government realms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The chapter will aim to address the research question, “What are the roles of an intermediary in adoption and diffusion of e-government services?” This study will explore the most salient factors that determine diffusion and adoption in Saudi Arabia and contribute to the literature on intermediary roles in an e-government context. This study will use a qualitative approach and interview key mangers in intermediary agencies and the officials responsible for e-government implementation in a Saudi context. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings will be discussed, offering recommendations and future research directions.

Are Cities in India Digital Yet?

JEL Classification: L86, L96

Electronic Government Adoption Paradigms

This chapter reviews literature on electronic-government (EG) and information and communication technology (ICT) regarding several management issues in general and adoption in particular. Since EG is a comparatively new area to investigate, many researchers have been addressing implementation, development, and adoption criteria. This chapter has five sections with sub-sections that delineate: 1) introductory information of EG development; 2) management issues related to EG; 3) EG implementation strategies and objectives; 4) design perspectives of adoption models, and 5) literature on online service quality, adoption, and related issues.