Association Between Drug Treatments for Patients With Osteoporosis and Overall Mortality Rates

AbstractGrowing reports since the beginning of the pandemic and till date describe increased rates of cardiac complications (CC) in the active phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). CC commonly observed include myocarditis/myocardial injury, arrhythmias and heart failure, with an incidence reaching about a quarter of hospitalized patients in some reports. The increased incidence of CC raise questions about the possible heightened susceptibility of patients with cardiac disease to develop severe COVID-19, and whether the virus itself is involved in the pathogenesis of CC. The wide array of CC seems to stem from multiple mechanisms, including the ability of the virus to directly enter cardiomyocytes, and to indirectly damage the heart through systemic hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable states, endothelial injury of the coronary arteries and hypoxemia. The induced CC seem to dramatically impact the prognosis of COVID-19, with some studies suggesting over 50% mortality rates with myocardial damage, up from ~ 5% overall mortality of COVID-19 alone. Thus, it is particularly important to investigate the relation between COVID-19 and heart disease, given the major effect on morbidity and mortality, aiming at early detection and improving patient care and outcomes. In this article, we review the growing body of published data on the topic to provide the reader with a comprehensive and robust description of the available evidence and its implication for clinical practice.

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Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease in adult: a system review and meta-analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91234-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hao Chen ◽

Hiromi Matsumoto ◽

Nobuyuki Horita ◽

Yu Hara ◽

Nobuaki Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Factors Associated ◽

System Review ◽

Overall Mortality

AbstractRisk factors associated with mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease remain unclear. The present work is a meta-analysis of studies that enrolled only patients with invasive pneumococcal disease and reported on mortality. Potentially eligible reports were identified from PubMed, CHAHL, and Web of Science, comprising 26 reports in total. Overall mortality for invasive pneumococcal disease was reported as 20.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.5–24%). Factors associated with mortality were age (odds ratio (OR) 3.04, 95% CI 2.5–3.68), nursing home (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13–2.32), nosocomial infection (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.52–2.89), septic shock (OR 13.35, 95% CI 4.54–39.31), underlying chronic diseases (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.78–3.09), solid organ tumor (OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.07–13.74), immunosuppressed status (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.31–2.14), and alcohol abuse (OR 3.14, 95% CI 2.13–4.64). Mortality rates with invasive pneumococcal disease remained high, and these findings may help clinicians provide appropriate initial treatment for this disease.

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Mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock treated with the Impella CP microaxial pump for isolated left ventricular failure

European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care ◽

10.1177/2048872618757393 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 138-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jan-Thorben Sieweke ◽

Dominik Berliner ◽

Jörn Tongers ◽

L Christian Napp ◽

Ulrike Flierl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Cardiogenic Shock ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Complete Revascularization ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Standardized Protocol ◽

Improved Outcomes ◽

Resuscitated Patients ◽

Overall Mortality

Aims: Cardiogenic shock is still associated with high mortality rates of around 50%. Intra-aortic counterpulsation had been frequently used in cardiogenic shock, but was previously found to provide no mortality benefit. We investigated the effect of an interdisciplinary and multiprofessional routine strategy of early invasive haemodynamic support in combination with complete revascularization in patients with cardiogenic shock before admission to our intensive care unit. Methods and results: We analysed all cardiogenic shock patients (mean age 62±13 years) presenting at our institution between 2013 and mid 2016, who received an Impella CP microaxial pump for isolated left ventricle support ( n=61). Sixty-one per cent ( n=37) had been resuscitated before Impella insertion. Overall mortality was 48% ( n=29/61) at 30 days. Thirty-day mortality was higher in resuscitated patients (resuscitated: 65% ( n=24/37); non-resuscitated: 21% ( n=5/24)). When applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the SHOCK-II trial, eligible patients ( n=25) had a markedly lower mortality (24% ( n=6/25) at 30 days) compared with the published trial (~40% in both arms). The observed mortality of SHOCK-II-like patients in the registry was also lower compared with their predicted mortality using IABP-Shock II score (49%) and CardShock score (36%). Conclusion: The results of this registry suggest that using a standardized protocol including early active haemodynamic support with Impella CP in cardiogenic shock in patients with isolated left ventricle failure may be associated with improved outcomes and lower than previously reported or predicted mortality rates. Pre-implantation cardiac arrest critically influences observed mortality. The results support the case for a randomized trial.

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Health inequalities in the Great Depression: a case study of Stockton on Tees, North-East England in the 1930s

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdz069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. e126-e133 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael Langthorne ◽

Clare Bambra

Keyword(s):

Great Depression ◽

Health Inequalities ◽

Local Level ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Inequalities In Health ◽

The Great Depression ◽

North East ◽

Geographical Inequalities ◽

Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Parallels have been drawn between the ‘Great Depression’ of the 1930s and the more recent ‘Great Recession’ that followed the 2007/8 financial crisis. Austerity was the common policy response by UK governments in both time periods. This article examines health inequalities at a local level in the 1930s, through a historical case study. Methods Local and national historical archives, Medical Officer for Health reports, and secondary sources were examined from 1930 to 1939 to obtain data on inequalities in health (infant mortality rates, stillbirths and neonatal mortality rates, 1935 and crude overall mortality rates, 1936) and ward-level deprivation (over-crowding rates, 1935) in Stockton-on-Tees, North-East England. Results There were high geographical inequalities in overcrowding and health in Stockton-on-Tees in the 1930s. Rates of overall mortality, in particular, were higher in those wards with higher levels of overcrowding. Conclusions There were geographical inequalities in health in the 1930s and the most deprived areas had the worst overall mortality rates. The areas with the worst housing conditions and health outcomes in the 1930s remain so today - health inequality is extant over time across different periods of austerity.

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Lamb mortality in a flock of East African Blackheaded sheep

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600060330 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 97-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. C. M. Trail ◽

G. D. Sacker

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Dry Season ◽

East African ◽

Male And Female ◽

The Mean ◽

Overall Mortality

1. The effects of birth weight, sex, twinning, parity of dam and dry season on mortality rates of lambs were studied between birth and weaning at 20 weeks in a flock of East African Blackheaded sheep.2. The mean birth weights of non-surviving lambs were lower than those of surviving lambs. Singles from gimmers and twins from ewes were 0.5 and 1.0 lb., respectively, lighter at birth, and had higher mortality rates than singles from ewes. The overall mortality rate of singles from ewes was 16%, singles from gimmers 20% and twins from ewes 28%. Male and female lambs born alive had similar mortality rates (18%).

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Long-term results of low-dose tissue plasminogen activator therapy in acute pulmonary embolism

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-2019-001042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 1142-1147

Author(s):

Habibe Hezer ◽

Hatice Kiliç ◽

Osama Abuzaina ◽

H Canan Hasanoǧlu‎ ◽

Ayşegül Karalezli

Keyword(s):

Thrombolytic Therapy ◽

Low Dose ◽

Standard Dose ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Tissue Plasminogen ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Acute Pe ◽

Overall Mortality

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the most commonly used thrombolytic agent in patients with high risk and intermediate to high mortality risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Clinical trials have shown early efficacy and safety of low-dose rt-PA. This study investigated the effects of low-dose rt-PA treatment on acute PE in long-term prognosis, recurrence of pulmonary thromboembolism, or the development of late complications. In this study, 48 patients undergoing low-dose rt-PA for the relative contraindications of thrombolytic therapy and 48 patients undergoing standard-dose therapy were evaluated retrospectively. Long-term follow-up investigated the chronic PE, recurrence, and causes of morbidity and mortality.In both treatment groups, embolism-induced mortality and overall mortality rates were similar in the first 30 days (p=1.000, p=0.714, respectively). Overall mortality rates in long-term follow-up were 41.7% in the low-dose treatment group and 16.7% in the standard-dose treatment group (p=0.013). The mortality rate at the first year was higher in the low-dose-treated group (p=0.011) and most of the deaths were due to accompanying comorbidities. There was no difference in PE recurrence and duration of recurrence between the groups (p=0.598, p=0.073, respectively). Intracranial hemorrhage due to therapy developed in one patient in both groups.Low-dose thrombolytic therapy in acute PE reduces PE-related mortality in the early period. Long-term follow-up showed that thrombolytic therapy did not affect mortality rates independently of the dose and PE recurrence.

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Withdrawal of Care in a Trauma Intensive Care Unit: The Impact on Mortality Rate

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481408000824 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (8) ◽

pp. 764-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leonard J. Weireter ◽

Jay N. Collins ◽

Rebecca C. Britt ◽

T. J. Novosel ◽

L. D. Britt

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Decision Making ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Trauma Center ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Active Aging ◽

Neurologic Injury ◽

Trauma Service ◽

The Impact ◽

Overall Mortality

Withdrawal of care has increased in recent years as the population older than 65 years of age has increased. We sought to investigate the impact of this decision on our mortality rate. We retrospectively reviewed a prospectively collected database to determine the percentage of cases in which care was actively withdrawn. Neurologic injury as the cause for withdrawal, age of the patient, number of days to death, number of cases thought to be treatment failures, and the reason for failure were analyzed. Between January 2008 and December 2012, there were 536 trauma service deaths; 158 (29.5%) had care withdrawn. These patients were 67 (6 18.5) years old and neurologic injury was responsible in 63 per cent (6 5.29%). Fifty-two per cent of the patients died by Day 3; 65 per cent by Day 5; and 74 per cent Day 7. A total of 22.7 per cent (6 7.9%) could be considered a treatment failure. Accounting for cases in which care was withdrawn for futility would decrease the overall mortality rate by approximately 23 per cent. Trauma center mortality calculation does not account for care withdrawn. Treating an active, aging population, with advance directives, requires methodologies that account for such decision-making when determining mortality rates.

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Impact of stroke unit in a public hospital on length of hospitalization and rate of early mortality of ischemic stroke patients

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20130120 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 774-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Sheila G. Rocha ◽

Ana Claudia F. Almeida ◽

Osorio Abath Neto ◽

Marianna P. R. Porto ◽

Sonia Maria D. Brucki

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Stroke Unit ◽

Public Hospital ◽

Unit Group ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

General Ward ◽

Early Mortality ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Length Of Hospitalization ◽

Overall Mortality

We ascertained whether a public health stroke unit reduces the length of hospitalization, the rate of inpatient fatality, and the mortality rate 30 days after the stroke. Methods We compared a cohort of stroke patients managed on a general neurology/medical ward with a similar cohort of stroke patients managed in a str oke unit. The in-patient fatality rates and 30-day mortality rates were analyzed. Results 729 patients were managed in the general ward and 344 were treated at a comprehensive stroke unit. The in-patient fatality rates were 14.7% for the general ward group and 6.9% for the stroke unit group (p<0.001). The overall mortality rate 30 days after stroke was 20.9% for general ward patients and 14.2% for stroke unit patients (p=0.005). Conclusions We observed reduced in-patient fatalities and 30-day mortality rates in patients managed in the stroke unit. There was no impact on the length of hospitalization.

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Identification of sources of resistance of Passiflora rootstocks to fusariosis in areas with disease outbreaks in Mato Grosso state, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452021160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Dulândula Silva Miguel-Wruck ◽

Givanildo Roncatto ◽

Maurel Behling ◽

Valeria de Oliveira Faleiro ◽

Solange Maria Bonaldo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Moderate Resistance ◽

Disease Foci ◽

Overall Mortality

Abstract The aim of the study was to identify sources of resistance of Passiflora rootstocks to Fusarium sp. in two experimental areas with histories of disease foci in Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from June 2012 to December 2015 and was of randomized block design with eight treatments in which susceptible cultivar P. edulis was grafted onto hybrids CPAC MJ-H-87, CPAC MJ-H-76, CPAC MJ-H-86 and CPAC MJ-H-88, the commercial cultivar and native P. edulis, P. nitida and P. alata. Mortality rates of grafted plants were evaluated up to 640 days after transplantation. All Fusarium sp. isolates were identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. Plant mortality occurred earlier in the clay area than in the area with sandy clay loam. Grafted plants involving P. edulis as rootstocks were highly susceptible to Fusarium sp. with overall mortality rates above 56.25% considering both soil types, while plants with CPAC MJ-H-76 or native P. nitida rootstocks were more resistant with mortality rates below 12.5%. Grafted plants with CPAC MJ-H-86 as rootstock were highly resistant in clay soil but highly susceptible in soil with high proportion of sand. Only grafted plants involving CPAC MJ-H-76 as rootstock showed moderate resistance.

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