Full-time workers with precarious employment face lower protection for receiving annual health check-ups

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 884-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Inoue ◽  
Shinobu Tsurugano ◽  
Mariko Nishikitani ◽  
Eiji Yano
Keyword(s):  
Health Check ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment

scholarly journals Diverting blame to stay sane - young people’s strategies for dealing with the mental health effects of precarious employment: a grounded theory study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Toivanen ◽  
Anna Olofsson Tarantino ◽  
Maria Emmelin ◽  
Per-Olof Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Employment Situation

Abstract Background Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health, particularly among young adults. Knowledge about how young people maintain their mental health while in a precarious employment situation is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of precarious employment for young adults in Sweden and their strategies for maintaining good mental health. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 individuals (9 men and 6 women) aged 20–39 years in a precarious employment situation. Contact persons at union offices and at specific job-coaching organizations collaborating with the Swedish public employment agency in the city of Malmö were gate openers to reach informants. Analysis was based on constructivist grounded theory, implying an emergent design where data collection and analysis go hand in hand. Results All informants had completed secondary school in Sweden, and one third had studied at the university level. A majority currently had jobs; however, they were mostly employed on an hourly basis and only a few had temporary full-time jobs. The analysis resulted in a core category “Diverting blame to stay sane,” which summarized an emergent coping process involving individual resources and resources represented by the individuals’ social capital. The developed theoretical model contained four main categories, “Facing reality,” “Losing control,” “Adapting,” and “Fighting back,” related to the core category. Conclusions The results implied a process where the challenges created by loss of employment-based rights required a coping process where the individual’s social capital plays an important role. However, social capital is to a large extent determined by contextual factors, underlining the strong health equity aspect of precarious employment.

scholarly journals Diverting blame to stay sane - young people's strategies for dealing with the mental health effects of precarious employment: a Grounded Theory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Toivanen ◽  
Anna Olofsson Tarantino ◽  
Maria Emmelin ◽  
Per-Olof Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Employment Situation

Abstract Background Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health, particularly among young adults. Knowledge about how young people maintain their mental health while in a precarious employment situation is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of precarious employment for young adults in Sweden and their strategies for maintaining good mental health. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 individuals (9 men and 6 women) aged 20–39 years in a precarious employment situation. Contact persons at union offices and at specific job-coaching organizations collaborating with the Swedish public employment agency in the city of Malmö were gate openers to reach informants. Analysis was based on constructivist grounded theory, implying an emergent design where data collection and analysis go hand in hand. Results All informants had completed secondary school in Sweden, and one third had studied at the university level. A majority currently had jobs; however, they were mostly employed on an hourly basis and only a few had temporary full-time jobs. The analysis resulted in a core category “Diverting blame to stay sane,” which summarized an emergent coping process involving individual resources and resources represented by the individuals’ social capital. The developed theoretical model contained four main categories, “Facing reality,” ”Losing control,” “Adapting,” and “Fighting back,” related to the core category. Conclusions The results implied a process where the challenges created by loss of employment-based rights required a coping process where the individual’s social capital plays an important role. However, social capital is to a large extent determined by contextual factors, underlining the strong health equity aspect of precarious employment.

scholarly journals Working hours, work-life conflict and health in precarious and "permanent" employment

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Bohle ◽  
Michael Quinlan ◽  
David Kennedy ◽  
Ann Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Permanent Employees ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Work Life Conflict

OBJECTIVE: The expansion of precarious employment in OECD countries has been widely associated with negative health and safety effects. Although many shiftworkers are precariously employed, shiftwork research has concentrated on full-time workers in continuing employment. This paper examines the impact of precarious employment on working hours, work-life conflict and health by comparing casual employees to full-time, "permanent" employees working in the same occupations and workplaces. METHODS: Thirty-nine convergent interviews were conducted in two five-star hotels. The participants included 26 full-time and 13 casual (temporary) employees. They ranged in age from 19 to 61 years and included 17 females and 22 males. Working hours ranged from zero to 73 hours per week. RESULTS: Marked differences emerged between the reports of casual and full-time employees about working hours, work-life conflict and health. Casuals were more likely to work highly irregular hours over which they had little control. Their daily and weekly working hours ranged from very long to very short according to organisational requirements. Long working hours, combined with low predictability and control, produced greater disruption to family and social lives and poorer work-life balance for casuals. Uncoordinated hours across multiple jobs exacerbated these problems in some cases. Health-related issues reported to arise from work-life conflict included sleep disturbance, fatigue and disrupted exercise and dietary regimes. CONCLUSIONS:This study identified significant disadvantages of casual employment. In the same hotels, and doing largely the same jobs, casual employees had less desirable and predictable work schedules, greater work-life conflict and more associated health complaints than "permanent" workers.

scholarly journals Diverting blame to stay sane - young people's strategies for dealing with the mental health effects of precarious employment: a Grounded Theory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Toivanen ◽  
Anna Olofsson Tarantino ◽  
Maria Emmelin ◽  
Per-Olof Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
Employment Situation

Abstract Background Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health, particularly among young adults. Knowledge about how young people maintain their mental health while in a precarious employment situation is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of precarious employment for young adults in Sweden and their strategies for maintaining good mental health.Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 individuals (9 men and 6 women) aged 20–39 years in a precarious employment situation. Contact persons at union offices and at specific job-coaching organizations collaborating with the Swedish public employment agency in the city of Malmö were gate openers to reach informants. Analysis was based on constructivist grounded theory, implying an emergent design where data collection and analysis go hand in hand.Results All informants had completed secondary school in Sweden, and one third had studied at the university level. A majority currently had jobs; however, they were mostly employed on an hourly basis and only a few had temporary full-time jobs. The analysis resulted in a core category “Diverting blame to stay sane,” which summarized an emergent coping process involving individual resources and resources represented by the individuals’ social capital. The developed theoretical model contained four main categories, “Facing reality,” ”Losing control,” “Adapting,” and “Fighting back,” related to the core category.Conclusions The results implied a process where the challenges created by loss of employment-based rights required a coping process where the individual’s social capital plays an important role. However, social capital is to a large extent determined by contextual factors, underlining the strong health equity aspect of precarious employment.

scholarly journals Precarious Employment and Increased Incidence of Musculoskeletal Pain among Wage Workers in Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6299
Author(s):  
Sungjin Park ◽  
Junehee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Increased Risk

The number of precarious workers is increasing globally, and precarious employment is becoming a public concern in terms of workers’ health. However, sufficient research on precarious employment and its impact on musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between precarious employment and the risk of MSP among Korean wage workers. After merging the data from the 4th and 5th Korean Working Conditions Surveys, 59,644 wage workers were analyzed. The control group comprised full-time permanent workers, and precarious employment was defined as workers involved in temporary or daily employment, or part-time workers. The outcome variable was the summed number of MSP in three anatomical sites (back, neck and upper limb, lower limb). Zero-inflated negative binomial analyses were selected to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between precarious employment and MSP. In adjusted models with age, sex, educational level, income level, weekly working hours, and occupation, precarious employment was significantly associated with an increased risk of both MSP (OR 1.66 95% CI 1.56–1.77) and work-related MSP (OR 1.18 95% CI 1.11–1.25). Given the job insecurity and health inequity associated with precarious employment, special attention on precarious workers’ health is needed.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Precarious Work Settings

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Work

This study uses human capital and gender stratification theory to answer three research questions concerning the gendered patterns of precarious employment, the effects of human capital investments and family obligations on precarious employment, and the extent that these investments and obligations affect precarious employment differently for men and women. Lucrative jobs that offer benefits, union protection, with full-time work status were considered indicators of high quality and therefore non-precarious employment. Using data from U.S. respondents, findings suggest: a) a “gender” to precarious employment in that women are more likely to work in low quality job settings; b) gender discrepancies in benefits and union protection are explained by differences in men’s and women’s human capital, family investments, and other work-related situations; and, c) gender differences in wages and part-time work status result from workplace discrimination towards women. The implications of these findings are discussed along with recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Diverting blame to stay sane - young people's strategies for dealing with the mental health effects of precarious employment: a Grounded Theory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Toivanen ◽  
Anna Olofsson Tarantino ◽  
Maria Emmelin ◽  
Per-Olof Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Employment Situation

Abstract Background Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health, particularly among young adults. Knowledge about how young people maintain their mental health while in a precarious employment situation is scarce. The aim of the study was to explore the meaning of precarious employment for young adults in Sweden and their strategies for maintaining good mental health. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 individuals (9 men and 6 women) aged 20–39 years in a precarious employment situation. Contact persons at union offices and at specific job-coaching organizations collaborating with the Swedish public employment agency in the city of Malmö were gate openers to reach informants. Analysis was based on constructivist grounded theory, implying an emergent design where data collection and analysis go hand in hand. Results All informants had completed secondary school in Sweden, and one third had studied at the university level. A majority currently had jobs; however, they were mostly employed on an hourly basis and only a few had temporary full-time jobs. The analysis resulted in a core category “Diverting blame to stay sane,” which summarized an emergent coping process involving individual resources and resources represented by the individuals’ social capital. The developed theoretical model contained four main categories, “Facing reality,” ”Losing control,” “Adapting,” and “Fighting back,” related to the core category. Conclusions The results implied a process where the challenges created by loss of employment-based rights required a coping process where the individual’s social capital plays an important role. However, social capital is to a large extent determined by contextual factors, underlining the strong health equity aspect of precarious employment.

scholarly journals What affects employment by NGOs? Counteraction to precarious employment in the Polish non-profit sector in the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic crises

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-788
Author(s):  
Paweł Mikołajczak
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Permanent Employment ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Research background: The precarious employment in non-governmental organizations has not been the subject of thorough scientific considerations so far. Meanwhile, the dominance of flexible forms of employment in an organization evokes a sense of instability, insecurity and uncertainty among employees. It weakens the relationship between staff and the organization, which, by not providing employees with prospects for permanent employment, creates a threat to its own development. The COVID-19 pandemic is reinforcing these fears as the situation in the labour market continues to deteriorate. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting NGOs employment of contract employees, as a key condition for crowding out precarious employment. Methods: Logistic regression analysis was conducted based on a national representative survey of 1500 Polish NGOs. Findings & value added: Its results indicate that NGOs are increasing the employment of contract staff in order to cope with the excessive bureaucracy of public administration. A stimulating impact on employment is also provided by difficulties in maintaining good staff and volunteers, as well as when there is no sense of security in running an organization. In turn, the lack of people ready to selflessly get involved in an organization's activities, as well as difficulties in accessing premises appropriate to NGOs both reduce the desire among staff to be employed full-time. The monitoring of precarious employment (PE) in NGOs is of key importance in the shaping and effectiveness of national policies aimed at improving the living standards of society as a whole. NGOs are an important element, as they fill the gaps remaining in the implementation of such policies. In the long term, improving the quality of full-time employment in such entities by reducing the barriers to their activity will increase their potential for fulfilling their social mission. To date, such barriers and their relation to employment have not been considered in research literature. However, a considerable proportion of employees in the Polish NGO sector may join the ranks of those excluded from employment and deprived of income due to the crisis on the job market caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This article contributes to the existing literature and practice by identifying the influence of wide spectrum of barriers of NGOs activity on permanent employment.

scholarly journals Life Employment Histories in Middle Age and Their Association With Health Outcomes in Later Life: A Sequence Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 65-65
Author(s):  
Oejin Shin ◽  
BoRin Kim ◽  
Sojung Park ◽  
JiYoung Kang ◽  
Ilan Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Employment History ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Mixed Pattern

Abstract Despite consistent evidence on the negative effect of precarious employment on health, little is known about the dynamic pattern of employment over the life course on later year health. Using the longitudinal data (1-18 waves) from the Korean Labor & Income Panel Study (KLIPS) (n=1,705), this study aimed to (1) identify long term change patterns of employment in two middle-age groups (early middle-aged: 40-49 / late middle-aged: 50-59), (2) examine the association between the patterns and self-rated health in old age. We apply sequence analysis with 18 years of working status and conducted regression health outcomes in the 18th wave. The result of sequence analysis found the differential employment patterns: among the early middle-aged, five patterns were identified consistently full-time, consistently not- working, transit to self-employed, mixed pattern, retired. Among the late middle-aged, five patterns were identified: consistently full time, mixed pattern, consistently retired, transit to not- working, consistently not working. Regression results indicated a negative association between precarious employment history and health in later years: Among the early middle-aged, members in the “consistently full-time” were likely to have better health compared to “transit to self-employed”. Among the later middle-aged, “retired” and “transit to not –working” were likely to have better health compared to “mixed pattern group”. The findings suggest the importance of employment history in middle age to predict the health outcome in later life. Policies to support experiencing precarious or self-employment are needed to prevent health disparity in later life.

scholarly journals The Gender of Precarious Employment in Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Cranford ◽  
Leah F. Vosko ◽  
Nancy Zukewich
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Wage Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Permanent Employees ◽  
Using Data

Summary This article examines the relationship between gender, forms of employment and dimensions of precarious employment in Canada, using data from the Labour Force Survey and the General Social Survey. Full-time permanent wage work decreased for both women and men between 1989 and 2001, but women remain more likely to be employed in part-time and temporary wage work as compared to men. Layering forms of wage work with indicators of regulatory protection, control and income results in a continuum with full-time permanent employees as the least precarious followed by full-time temporary, part-time permanent and then part-time temporary employees as the most precarious. The continuum is gendered through both inequalities between full-time permanent women and men and convergence in precariousness among part-time and temporary women and men. These findings reflect a feminization of employment norms characterized by both continuity and change in the social relations of gender.

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