Antioxidant Enzymes Response in Vetiver Grass: A Greenhouse Study for Chelant-Assisted Phytoremediation of Lead-Contaminated Residential Soils

An earthworm-assisted phytoremediation of Cr contaminated soil was conducted to study the performance of different earthworm species in Cr accumulation of Vetiver Grass (vetiveria Zizanioides VG). Two species of earthworm (Eisenia Foelide and Pheretima guillemi Michaelsen) were added in trial. The result showed Vetiveria Zizanioides can absorb great amounts of chromium in soil. The decline rate of Cr was up to 87% and 78% respectively in the tiral of Eisenia Foelide (EF) and Pheretima guillemi Michaelsen(PGM) at 60th day. As the concentration of Cr gradually increased within 3.3-120mg/kg, the accumulation activity of two groups presented first increase and then decrease and reached maximum 976.7mg/kg and 943.1 mg/kg in root. It began to decrease when the Cr concentration was above 120mg/kg.Vetiveria Zizanioides's accumulation ability differs in root and shoot. It presented root>shoot. With a comparative analysis, PGM has higher accumulation and resistance to Cr at any designed treatments. In the analysis of relation between plants and soils, it was found that there was significant correlation in Cr contents between plants and soils (P<0.05). There was a high retention rate of Vetiveria Zizanioides root to Cr. Retention rate of any treatments adding earthworm were all greater than 87.91%. The biggest value was up to 96.23%. There was no obvious difference between EG and PGM in retention rate.

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Biochelator Assisted Phytoremediation for Cadmium (Cd) Pollution in Paddy Field

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132112170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 12170

Author(s):

Yangyang Wang ◽

Shaofeng Li ◽

Xiaoshu Wang ◽

Jianfeng Xu ◽

Tongtong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Polyaspartic Acid ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Assisted Phytoremediation

To evaluate the efficacy of biochelators for phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd), effects of biochelators (humic acid, HA; polyaspartic acid, PASP; rhamnolipid, RLs) and synthetic chelator (sodium tripolyphosphate, STPP) on the growth, accumulation, and antioxidant index of Cd were investigated in Iris sibirica L. The results indicated that the addition of HA increased the dry weight of leaves and stems, and the addition of PASP, RLs, and STPP increased the growth of leaves but inhibited the growth of stems. The determination of Cd accumulation indicated that HA decreased the content of Cd in all tissues, while the addition of PASP, RLs, and STPP increased the accumulation of Cd in stems and roots. In addition, the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities indicated that the treatment of PASP and RLs increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, which might be beneficial to the resistance of Cd for Iris sibirica L. Overall, these results indicated that biochelators may improve the phytoremediation efficacy of Iris sibirica L. on Cd polluted paddy field. Among the tested chelators, PASP exhibited the best comprehensive efficacy and the highest commercial potential.

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Accumulation of Chromium in Vetiveria zizanioides Assisted by Earthworm (Eisenia foelide) in Contaminated Soil

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.1313 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 989-994 ◽

pp. 1313-1318

Author(s):

Ke Zhang ◽

Qiang Chen ◽

Hong Bing Luo ◽

Xiao Ting Li

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Vetiver Grass ◽

Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽

Decline Rate ◽

Cr Concentration ◽

Assisted Phytoremediation ◽

Accumulation Ability

The trial of the earthworm-assisted phytoremediation of Cr in contaminated yellow soil was made to study the performance of earthworm in Cr accumulation of Vetiver Grass (vetiveria Zizanioides VG). Two groups were designed, adding earth worm (marked EM) and not adding earth worm (marked NEW).The result showed Vetiveria Zizanioides can absorb great amounts of chromium in soil, the decline rate of Cr was up to 75% and 78% respectively in EM and NEM at 60th day. Both root and shoot can accumulate Cr from soil. As the concentration of Cr gradually increased within 0-80mg/kg,the accumulation activity of two groups presented first increase and then decrease and reached maximum 644.31mg/kg, 943.14 mg/kg in root when the Cr concentration was 80 mg/kg. It began to decrease when the Cr concentration was above 120mg/kg.Vetiveria Zizanioides's accumulation ability differs in root and shoot. It presented root>shoot. With a comparative analysis, EM has higher accumulation and resistance of Cr at any designed treatments. In the analysis of relation between plants and soils, it was found that there was significant correlation in Cr contents between plants and soils (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was extremely significant correlation (P<0.01) between root and shoot in EM. There was a high retention rate of Vetiveria Zizanioides root to Cr. Retention rate of any treatments were all greater than 83% except 120mg/kg in EM. Plants kept much higher concentrations of Cr in roots than in their respective shoots. The biggest value was up to 96.23%. There was no obvious difference between EM and NEM in retention rate. Earthworm-assisted phytoremediation has high efficiency in Cr contaminated soil. It’s an idea method to Cr contaminated soil.

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Greenhouse Study on the Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver Grass, Chrysopogon zizanioides L., in Arsenic-Contaminated Soils

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00128-010-0185-8 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 124-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Rupali Datta ◽

Mario A. Quispe ◽

Dibyendu Sarkar

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soils ◽

Vetiver Grass ◽

Chrysopogon Zizanioides ◽

Greenhouse Study

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Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation and Exercise Training on Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.76.5.324 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 324-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marsh ◽

Laursen ◽

Coombes

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Young Male ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Antioxidant Supplementation ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Antioxidant Supplements

Erythrocytes transport oxygen to tissues and exercise-induced oxidative stress increases erythrocyte damage and turnover. Increased use of antioxidant supplements may alter protective erythrocyte antioxidant mechanisms during training. Aim of study: To examine the effects of antioxidant supplementation (α-lipoic acid and α-tocopherol) and/or endurance training on the antioxidant defenses of erythrocytes. Methods: Young male Wistar rats were assigned to (1) sedentary; (2) sedentary and antioxidant-supplemented; (3) endurance-trained; or (4) endurance-trained and antioxidant-supplemented groups for 14 weeks. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) activities, and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) were then measured. Results: Antioxidant supplementation had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on activities of antioxidant enzymes in sedentary animals. Similarly, endurance training alone also had no effect (p > 0.05). GPX (125.9 ± 2.8 vs. 121.5 ± 3.0 U.gHb–1, p < 0.05) and CAT (6.1 ± 0.2 vs. 5.6 ± 0.2 U.mgHb–1, p < 0.05) activities were increased in supplemented trained animals compared to non-supplemented sedentary animals whereas SOD (61.8 ± 4.3 vs. 52.0 ± 5.2 U.mgHb–1, p < 0.05) activity was decreased. Plasma MDA was not different among groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In a rat model, the combination of exercise training and antioxidant supplementation increased antioxidant enzyme activities (GPX, CAT) compared with each individual intervention.

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pei-Min Chao ◽

Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽

Chun-Huei Liao ◽

Huey-Mei Shaw

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Control Groups ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Transfer Protein ◽

And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

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