Cursed by Oil? Rural Threats, Agricultural Policy Changes and the Impact of Oil on Indonesia's and Nigeria's Rural Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
Sirojuddin Arif
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Analysis of the Common Agricultural Policy financial subsidies impact in all EU countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
N. Galluzzo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

This study has investigated by a quantitative approach the impact of financial subsidies allocated by the Common Agricultural Policy to European farms; the aim was to assess also the linkages among financial supports allocated by the Common Agricultural Policy and rural development by proposing a briefly definition of a rurality index. METHODS: In this research, it has used two quantitative approaches as the Self-Organizing Maps and the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) over two different years such as 2007 and 2017 in a sample of farms belonging to the Farm Accountancy Data Network dataset. RESULTS: Findings have emphasized the impact and the main role of financial subsidies in stimulating rural growth even if there are also lots of unbalances between EU states. CONCLUSIONS: The role of the public administrations at a local level should be addressed towards a strictly severe task to condense main priorities of rural development and the needs of the rural population in specific and pilot initiatives.

Impact of Agricultural Policy in Development of Agriculture Sector Within the Period of 1999-2015 in Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Emine Daci Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
The Impact

Agriculture sector represents one of the oldest economic branches, although the economics of agriculture represents a relatively new branch. In this regard the aim of this paper is to reflect on the issue based on sustainable and comparative arguments; furthermore, the paper aims to identify current disadvantage as well as opportunities for more sustainable agricultural development on the impact of subsidized fiscal policies in the future. Moreover, the effect of agricultural policy instruments on development of agriculture and agricultural income is likewise one of the purposes of this research. Given that agricultural policies play key role for the development of the poor countries, this has lead Kosovo towered listing agriculture development policies among the highest priorities of the political agendas. After the war, in Kosovo, agricultural sector has been neglected in terms of priorities in national development strategies, as well as in financial terms, since there had not been sufficient financial support provided. However, after a few years, recognizing the need of development of the sector as of priorities on poverty reduction, as well as on stimulation of the economic development, the sector has begun to be engaged in the national agendas. Meantime, this represents fundamental message of the World Bank, presented in the World Development Report (World Bank, 2008). In the case of Africa, the members of African Union agreed to allocate at least 10% of their budget to agriculture and rural development sector, and recently the G8 has scheduled to provide 1 billion Euros, as a support to African agriculture investments. In 2007, in Kosovo, grant scheme and subsidize (direct payments), has been accessed to the Agriculture and Rural Development Plan of 2007 -2013. Direct and indirect effects of these instruments on agricultural income / farms are poorly documented. This support was increased by the inclusion of other sectors and cultures until 2014, which includes the following measures: 1.Measure 101:“Investment on physical assets of agricultural economies ", 2. Measure 103:Investments in physical assets on processing and marketing the agricultural products, 3. Measures 302: Diversification of farms and business development. There is a lack of proper research, when the direct effects of the supportive measures on the agriculture and economic development are concerned.

Markets for Purchased Farm Inputs

2005 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
E. Serova ◽  
O. Shick
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farm Inputs

Russian policy makers argue that agriculture suffers from decapitalization due to financial constraints faced by producers. This view is the basis for the national agricultural policy, which emphasizes reimbursement of input costs and substitutes government and quasi-government organizations for missing market institutions. The article evaluates the availability of purchased farm inputs, the efficiency of their use, the main problems in the emergence of market institutions, and the impact of government policies. The analysis focuses on five groups of purchased inputs: farm machinery, fertilizers, fuel, seeds, and animal feed. The information sources include official statistics and data from two original surveys.

Cherneha O. B., Chepurnova A. V. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE AND POLAND FOOD SECURITY LEVELS

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
Security Levels ◽  
The Eu

Objective. The purpose of the article is to compare the levels and mechanisms of food security management in Ukraine and Poland, to identify the main factors influencing the processes of its formation and to determine the directions of increasing the level of Ukraine food security. Methods. The scientific results of the study were obtained using the following methods: theoretical generalization and comparison (for the study of meaningful aspects of the definition of «food security»), analysis and synthesis (for comparative analysis of Ukraine and Poland food security levels), abstract-logical method (for establishing the links between the level of economic development of countries and the levels of their food security and determining the directions of increasing the Ukraine level of food security). Results. On the basis of a comparative analysis of Ukraine and Poland food security levels, a significant gap in Ukraine’s provision of food security has been identified. Thus, with respect to all food security components identified by FAO, except for the «use» of sanitary and safe drinking water, Poland has reached far ahead of Ukraine. It has been found that for the period 2012–2018, the value of the Global Food Security Index for Ukraine decreased by 2.1 due to a decrease in the level of affordability and availability of food, while the Polish side increased its position on GFSI by 2.8 due to the increase in affordability and availability of food in the country. It has been found that the decisive influence on the level of food security in Poland, as well as high ranking in the ranking is carried out by the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the implementation of the Polish Rural Development Program and significant public spending on agriculture. It has been determined that the main directions for improving the level of food security of Ukraine should be: lifting the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land; financing the agri-food sector not only through public spending but also through EU programs; creation and implementation of the National Rural Development Program; full and unconditional implementation of Government programs on EU integration; adaptation to the EU Common Agricultural Policy standards.

Impact and Challenges of Centres for Education and Community Action in Cameroon’s North West Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-74
Author(s):  
Fonteh Athanasius Amungwa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
West Region ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of community education and challenges facing Centres for Education and Community Action as a rural development strategy in Cameroon. The study was conducted in the North-West Region of Cameroon, employing field observations, semi-structured interviews with key informants using a convenient sampling technique and through elaborate review of documents. These research instruments were blended into what is termed triangulation and the data collected was analysed descriptively. The main focus of qualitative analysis is to understand the ways in which people act and the accounts that people give for their actions. This paper posits that extreme dependence on the provision of Western formal education cannot solve the problems of a rapidly changing society like Cameroon, which is facing a long-term economic crisis and persistent unemployment issues of graduates. Consequently, education should be redefined in the context of the prevailing economic crisis to make it responsive to the aspirations of rural communities. Findings showed that community education had contributed towards rural development immensely but has suffered many challenges due to neglect of the field in the policy agenda. This paper recommends the integration of community education with formal education to facilitate group and community betterment in particular and rural transformation in general.

scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of Decoupled Payments on Farm Production in Northern Ireland: An Instrumental Variable Fixed Effect Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3222
Author(s):  
Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju ◽  
Myles Patton ◽  
Siyi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Agricultural Subsidies ◽  
Decoupled Payments ◽  
Current Production ◽  
The Impact

The production stimulating impact of agricultural subsidies has been a well-debated topic in agricultural policy analysis for some decades. In light of the EU reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in year 2005 in which agricultural subsidies were decoupled from current production decisions and the modification to this payment in 2015, this study investigates the impact of decoupled payments under these two reforms on livestock production in Northern Ireland. The study uses a farm-level panel dataset covering 2008–2016 period and employs an instrumental variable fixed effect model to control for relevant sources of endogeneity bias. According to the empirical results, the production impacts of decoupled payments were positive and significant but with differential impacts across livestock production sectors, suggesting that decoupled payments still maintain a significant effect on agricultural production and provide an indication of the supply response to changes in decoupled payments.

scholarly journals Rural-Spatial Restructuring Promoted by Land-Use Transitions: A Case Study of Zhulin Town in Central China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Dong Han ◽  
Jiajun Qiao ◽  
Qiankun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Central China ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Spatial Restructuring ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The Impact

Rural-spatial restructuring involves the spatial mapping of the current rural development process. The transformation of land-use morphologies, directly or indirectly, affects the practice of rural restructuring. Analyzing this process in terms of the dominant morphology and recessive morphology is helpful for better grasping the overall picture of rural-spatial restructuring. Accordingly, this paper took Zhulin Town in Central China as a case study area. We propose a method for studying rural-spatial restructuring based on changes in the dominant and recessive morphologies of land use. This process was realized by analyzing the distribution and functional suitability of ecological-production-living (EPL) spaces based on land-use types, data on land-use changes obtained over a 30-year observation period, and in-depth research. We found that examining rural-spatial restructuring by matching the distribution of EPL spaces with their functional suitability can help to avoid the misjudgment of the restructuring mode caused by the consideration of the distribution and structural changes in quantity, facilitating greater understanding of the process of rural-spatial restructuring. Although the distribution and quantitative structure of Zhulin’s EPL spaces have changed to differing degrees, ecological- and agricultural-production spaces still predominate, and their functional suitability has gradually increased. The spatial distribution and functional suitability of Zhulin are generally well matched, with 62.5% of the matched types being high-quality growth, and the positive effect of Zhulin’s spatial restructuring over the past 30 years has been significant. We found that combining changes in EPL spatial area and quantity as well as changes in functional suitability is helpful in better understanding the impact of the national macro-policy shift regarding rural development. Sustaining the positive spatial restructuring of rural space requires the timely adjustment of local actors in accordance with the needs of macroeconomic and social development, and a good rural-governance model is essential.

Fuelling rural development? The impact of biofuel feedstock production in southern Africa on household income and expenditures

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 102053
Author(s):  
S. Mudombi ◽  
C. Ochieng ◽  
F.X. Johnson ◽  
G. von Maltitz ◽  
D. Luhanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Biofuel Feedstock ◽  
Feedstock Production ◽  
The Impact
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