Lost productivity among full-time workers with mental disorders

6542 Background: There is a paucity of data assessing the potential impact of breast cancer diagnosis on the productivity of affected women. The objective was to identify and quantify lost productivity, health utilities and quality of life experienced in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods: A consecutive cross-sectional cohort of women with breast cancer (at any stage) attending outpatient clinics at Mount Sinai Hospital/Princess Margaret Hospital were eligible and consented to participate in the study. Women completed questionnaires assessing demographic and disease related information, work productivity and activity impairment utility (EQ5D VAS) and quality of life (FACT-B). Results: Data from 103 patients age 56.5 ± 11.9 years (mean +SD) were collection. Distribution of stage at diagnosis was as follows: 0 (31%), I (26%), II (10%), III (5%), IV (17%), unknown (11%). Time since diagnosis was 30.0 ± 39.1 months. Most women had recently been on active treatment for their breast cancer: chemotherapy (47%), hormone manipulation (23%), herceptin (6%), radiation (27%) and unknown (15%). 9% of women had metastatic disease, 35% had an income between $0 and $30,000. 58% of women were working full time for pay before their diagnosis, whereas only 19% were working full time for pay at the time of the assessment. At the time of the assessment, 18% were on disability leave. 8.7% of the women retired between the times of their diagnosis to the current assessment. Of those still working, a mean of 8.7 ± 11.6 days were missed from work in the previous 30 days due to problems related to breast cancer. The average number of days that employed patients actually worked (N=27) was 16.0 ± 9.0 days (range 4–30 days). 8% of patients required paid health care assistance during the past 4 weeks. 44% of patients had a spouse as an unpaid caregiver, followed by child/parent (20%) and friend (13%). Mean overall health rated by the respondents using the EQ5D VAS was 73.2 ± 16.3. The FACT-B mean was 68.0 ± 12.5 (range 27 to 98). Conclusion: Breast cancer negatively impacts work productivity and overall activity. The significant use of both paid and unpaid assistance would amount to significant societal costs which are currently not included in most cost-effectiveness analyses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Mental Disorders in a School-Survey Sample

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health ◽

10.2174/1745017900905010001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carlo Faravelli ◽

Carolina Lo Sauro ◽

Giovanni Castellini ◽

Valdo Ricca ◽

Stefano Pallanti

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Separation Anxiety ◽

Economic Status ◽

Male Gender ◽

Full Time ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Trained Teachers

Background: Most of the adult mental disorders have their origins early in life. As the epidemiology of childhood psychiatric disorder in Italy has not been extensively investigated, we have evaluated the prevalence of mental disorders and their association with socio-familiar variables in a representative sample of children aged 6 to 11. Method: The study was conducted on a school- sample of 1028 children, aged 6 to 11, attending 12 primary schools in Florence (Italy). The diagnoses were made according to DSM IV diagnostic criteria, integrated by the description of each symptom, using specially trained teachers as lay-interviewers. Odds ratios with 95% C.I. chi squares and a stepwise binary logistic analysis have been performed. Results: Nine hundred ninety nine children (506 males; 493 females) were studied. Of them, 10.5% received a psychiatric diagnosis, with a higher prevalence in males (66.7% vs.33.3, p<0.01). The most prevalent groups of mental disorders were the behavioural/impulse control (7.2%) and anxiety (6.4%) disorders. Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder was the most represented diagnosis (5.6% of the children). All the other mental disorders were relatively rare, with only separation anxiety and overanxious disorder exceeding 1% prevalence. Male gender, organic disease, having mother divorced, not present or dead, attending school full-time, cohabitation in the family were associated with an increased risk for any childhood mental disorder. Conclusions: About one in ten children aged 6-11 suffers from a mental disorder. Male gender, loss of mother and lower socio-economic status are associated with mental disorders in children. Further long-term prospective studies are needed, in order to clarify the epidemiological and psychopathological relationships between childhood and adult mental disorders.

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Social Kills of Undergraduates Without Mental Disorders: Academic and Socio-Demographic Variables

Psico-USF ◽

10.1590/1413-82712015200307 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 447-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-Silva ◽

Sonia Regina Loureiro

Keyword(s):

Social Skills ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Human Science ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Full Time ◽

Science Courses ◽

Statistical Procedures ◽

The Social

Abstract Literature shows a lack of studies regarding the influence of academic and socio-demographic characteristics in social skills of students without mental disorders. The aim of this work was to characterize and compare the social skills of university students without indicators of mental disorder, according to the academic and socio-demographic variables. The participants were 461 students from both genders and various areas, without mental disorders, based on the criteria of a structured clinical interview. Social skills were evaluated through the QHC-Universitários. Data was compared using statistical procedures. The students of full-time human science courses, those in the intermediate/final years and females were more skillful. The employed students from evening courses reported more skills in speaking in public, while living with other students seemed to promote more confrontation skills.

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The potential for lost productivity in lung cancer patients

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6093 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 6093-6093

Author(s):

D. Zawisza ◽

C. Pepe ◽

N. Mittmann ◽

R. Feld ◽

F. Shepherd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Work Productivity ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Health State ◽

Full Time ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Lost Productivity

6093 Background: Lung cancer significantly impacts on a patient’s personal and professional life. Little is known about lung cancer patients’ lost productivity, which in turn has an important effect on society. We undertook this descriptive study to learn about lost productivity experienced by lung cancer patients and their caregivers. Methods: 40 consecutive patients attending outpatient lung clinics at a major cancer centre completed questionnaires assessing demographic details, patient and caregiver productivity, and quality of life (EQ5D, FACT-L). Results: 52.5% of respondents were male. Median age was 67 years (range 36 -81). Median disclosed income was $20,000–$39,999; 46.2% had pursued post-secondary training. 70% were ex-smokers, 40% had NSCLC, 27% SCLC, while a third did not know their diagnosis. Treatments received included IV chemotherapy (62.5%), oral therapy (20%), radiation (55%), surgery (42.5%) and 5% no treatment. Over 25% were working full-time prior to diagnosis, 40% were retired. None were able to continue full-time employment; 20% required disability or sick leave. 8 (20%) were able to work part-time. Of those still working, a median of 14 h were missed due to illness in the preceding 3 weeks, with a median of 32 h worked in that period. Patients reported an overall moderate (5/10) impact on their productivity and a significant (6/10) impact on their daily activities attributable to their cancer. Only 8.5% of patients received paid assistance, while 76% had their spouse, relative or friend as an unpaid caregiver. In the preceding 3 weeks, caregivers who assisted patients provided a median 24h of care; 25% of caregivers missed a median 12h of work. Overall, mobility, self-care and anxiety/depression were rated as mildly affected (1/3), while daily activities and pain/discomfort were rated as moderately affected (2/3). Median overall health state rated by the respondents was 60 {scale 0(worst)-100(best)}. Quality of life overall was poor - FACT-L median score was 93.2 (range 50 to 125). Conclusion: Lung cancer negatively impacts work productivity and significantly impairs activity. While many lung cancer patients are retired, there is a significant burden on caregivers, which may result in a substantial burden to society in lost productivity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Lost productivity and time in patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving treatment.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (27_suppl) ◽

pp. 106-106

Author(s):

Stacey A. Ingram ◽

Courtney Williams ◽

Aidan Gilbert ◽

Valerie Lawhon ◽

Jasmine D. Davis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Travel Time ◽

Private Insurance ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Clinic Visit ◽

Additional Patient ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Full Time ◽

Lost Productivity

106 Background: Costs for cancer patients are not all monetary. For patients with limited life expectancy, such as metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients, time spent in the hospital or clinic setting can become burdensome. The goal was to evaluate time spent on healthcare among patients receiving treatment for MBC. Methods: This survey-based, cross-sectional study included women ≥18 years with MBC who received treatment at two academic medical centers in Alabama from 2017-2019. Questions regarding employment status, MBC-related hours missed from work, and time spent on healthcare-related activities were used to quantify lost productivity and time. Descriptive statistics included means and standard deviations (SD) or medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) for continuous variables and frequencies for categorical variables. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d or Cramer’s V. Results: We surveyed 83 female MBC patients with a median age of 59 years (IQR 50-66). Among all respondents, 34% were African American, 41% held a college degree, and 52% had a household income of < $40,000. Patients spent a median 60 minutes (IQR 30-110) traveling from their home to clinic and a median 120 minutes (IQR 60-180) receiving care at a clinic visit. Though not statistically significant, modest differences were found for patients with differing insurance types in travel time. Patients with Medicare had the shortest travel time (median 45 minutes [IQR 30-75]) compared to Medicaid (60 minutes [IQR 60-80]) and private insurance (60 minutes [IQR 30-120]; d = .06).). Patients spent a median 30 minutes (IQR 0-60) on cancer care related activities outside of a clinic visit. Most patients were retired (31%); however, 15% worked full-time, 6% worked part-time, and 20% were on disability. For working women, a median of 8 hours (IQR 1-11) were missed from work in the week. Conclusions: This study highlights productivity losses uncaptured by current patient healthcare cost calculations. Further work is needed to identify and minimize these additional patient costs related to lost productivity during cancer treatment.

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Supervisor ratings of productivity loss associated with presenteeism and sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders and common mental disorders in Sweden

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-213439 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Lars Bernfort ◽

Jan Persson ◽

Catharina Linderoth ◽

Kerstin Ekberg

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Sick Leave ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Productivity Loss ◽

Supervisor Ratings ◽

Lower Productivity ◽

Before And After ◽

Lost Productivity ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND: Health problems due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and common mental disorders (CMD) result in costs due to lost productivity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to increase knowledge of employers’ productivity loss due to employees’ presenteeism and sickness absence. METHODS: A web questionnaire was sent to employers of workers who were sick-listed for more than 30 days due to MSD or CMD, response rate: 50%, n = 198. Presenteeism and the impact on productivity before and after sick leave, and the performance of work tasks by replacement workers during sick leave, were measured using supervisors’ ratings. RESULTS: The average loss of productivity per sick-leave case amounted to almost 10 weeks, 53%of productivity loss was attributable to presenteeism and 47%to lower productivity by replacement workers. Employees with a CMD diagnosis had significantly higher presenteeism-related productivity loss than those with MSD. CONCLUSIONS: Employers experienced substantial productivity loss associated with employees’ presenteeism and sick leave. Whether the supervisory rating of presenteeism is preferable to employee self-rating needs to be studied further. The long duration of presenteeism is counter-productive to resource-efficient organisations and indicates the need for improved supervisory skills to identify workers with poor health, both before and after sick leave.

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Exposure to organisational injustice and serious psychological distress: longitudinal analysis of details of exposure from a private Japanese company

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029556 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e029556

Author(s):

Toshio Hayashi ◽

Yuko Odagiri ◽

Tomoko Takamiya ◽

Hiroyuki Kikuchi ◽

Noritoshi Fukushima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Full Time ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Serious Psychological Distress ◽

Japanese Company ◽

Cohort Design ◽

Short Time

ObjectivesStudies have shown that organisational injustice (OIJ) is associated with mental disorders. However, there is little research regarding details on OIJ exposure. We examined the effect of OIJ on serious psychological distress (SPD) by considering the exposure frequency, the exposure duration and the OIJ-free period after the disappearance of exposure.MethodsWe used a prospective cohort design. OIJ exposure was assessed three times with 1-year intervals between assessments, and the subjects were grouped according to the exposure histories. The outcome assessment for SPD by scores of 13 or higher on the K6 questionnaire was carried out 3 years after the baseline scores were obtained. Participants were all full-time regular employees of one office of a manufacturing company in Japan. Participants who were being treated for mental disorders, those with SPD and those with missing data on the K6 questionnaire in the baseline survey were excluded from the prospective cohort. Self-reported questionnaire data from 1087 employees who participated in all surveys and answered all questions were analysed. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effect of OIJ on SPD.ResultsSPD developed in 35 participants. Frequent OIJ exposure was associated with a higher risk for SPD (p for trend=0.002). Of the 1087 participants, 319 (29.3%) experienced a change in OIJ exposure at least once, and 8.6% of subjects experienced such a change twice. These changes in OIJ exposure were more strongly related to SPD than was the frequency of OIJ exposure.ConclusionsOIJ was associated with SPD onset particularly when the workers were more frequently exposed to it. Moreover, frequent changes in the OIJ exposure were associated with a higher risk for SPD. Because OIJ exposure can change in a relatively short time, considering exposure histories may provide useful information for preventing mental disorders.

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Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18001231 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicole M. Baran

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽

Model Organisms ◽

Developmental Genetic ◽

Term Study ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

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Age at Full-Time Use Predicts Language Outcomes Better Than Age of Surgery in Children Who Use Cochlear Implants

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2019_aja-19-0073 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 986-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lisa R. Park ◽

Erika B. Gagnon ◽

Erin Thompson ◽

Kevin D. Brown

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implants ◽

Time Use ◽

Expressive Language ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Full Time ◽

Language Outcomes ◽

Age At Surgery ◽

Device Placement ◽

Device Use ◽

Better Than

Purpose The aims of this study were to (a) determine a metric for describing full-time use (FTU), (b) establish whether age at FTU in children with cochlear implants (CIs) predicts language at 3 years of age better than age at surgery, and (c) describe the extent of FTU and length of time it took to establish FTU in this population. Method This retrospective analysis examined receptive and expressive language outcomes at 3 years of age for 40 children with CIs. Multiple linear regression analyses were run with age at surgery and age at FTU as predictor variables. FTU definitions included 8 hr of device use and 80% of average waking hours for a typically developing child. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the establishment and degree of FTU. Results Although 8 hr of daily wear is typically considered FTU in the literature, the 80% hearing hours percentage metric accounts for more variability in outcomes. For both receptive and expressive language, age at FTU was found to be a better predictor of outcomes than age at surgery. It took an average of 17 months for children in this cohort to establish FTU, and only 52.5% reached this milestone by the time they were 3 years old. Conclusions Children with normal hearing can access spoken language whenever they are awake, and the amount of time young children are awake increases with age. A metric that incorporates the percentage of time that children with CIs have access to sound as compared to their same-aged peers with normal hearing accounts for more variability in outcomes than using an arbitrary number of hours. Although early FTU is not possible without surgery occurring at a young age, device placement does not guarantee use and does not predict language outcomes as well as age at FTU.

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Exploring Barriers to Doctoral Education in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Insights From Practicing Professionals

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2020_persp-20-00019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1552-1563

Author(s):

Denise A. Tucker ◽

Mary V. Compton ◽

Sarah J. Allen ◽

Robert Mayo ◽

Celia Hooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Doctoral Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Academic Research ◽

Doctoral Degree ◽

Full Time ◽

Doctoral Study ◽

Doctoral Research ◽

Part Time ◽

Advance Research ◽

Doctor Of Philosophy

Purpose The intended purpose of this research note is to share the findings of a needs assessment online survey of speech and hearing professionals practicing in North Carolina to explore their interest in pursuing a research-focused PhD in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) and to document their perceptions of barriers to pursing a PhD in CSD. In view of the well-documented shortage of doctor of philosophy (PhD) faculty to attract, retain, and mentor doctoral students to advance research and to prepare future speech and hearing professionals, CSD faculty must assess the needs, perceptions, and barriers prospective students encounter when considering pursuing a doctoral research degree in CSD. Method The article describes the results of a survey of 242 speech and hearing professionals to investigate their interest in obtaining an academic research-focused PhD in CSD and to solicit their perceived barriers to pursuing a research doctoral degree in CSD. Results Two thirds of the respondents (63.6%) reported that they had considered pursuing a PhD in CSD. Desire for knowledge, desire to teach, and work advancement were the top reasons given for pursuing a PhD in CSD. Eighty-two percent of respondents had no interest in traditional full-time study. Forty-two percent of respondents indicated that they would be interested in part-time and distance doctoral study. The barriers of time, distance, and money emerged as those most frequently identified barriers by respondents. Conclusion The implications inform higher education faculty on how they can best address the needs of an untapped pool of prospective doctoral students in CSD.

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