Six independent factors of personality variation: a response to Saucier

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Ashton ◽  
Kibeom Lee
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Structure ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
New Interpretation

We address the concerns raised by Saucier about our proposed six‐factor structure of personality. First, we dispute Saucier's new interpretation of the Negative Valence factor as a meaningful dimension of personality variation. We explain that Negative Valence terms may distort the structure of personality‐descriptive terms, and that the substantive variance of Honesty is weakly correlated with Negative Valence. Also, we point out that our proposed six factors are (like the Big Five) roughly orthogonal, and that the occurrence of rotational variants within this six‐dimensional space is not problematic. We argue that in terms of comprehensiveness, parsimony, independence of factors, and replicability across languages, our proposed six‐factor model so far seems to be the optimal structure of personality characteristics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Factor structure and construct validity of the short form of managing the emotions of others (MEOS-SF) scale in the Chinese sample

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249774
Author(s):  
Qianglong Wang ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Ping Song ◽  
Zhenbiao Liu ◽  
Qingyun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Objectives Emotional manipulation is an important strategy in social interaction. The English version of MEOS-SF has been developed to make the measurement of such manipulation ability more efficient. The purpose of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of MEOS-SF. Methods Explore factor analysis and Confirmatory factor analysis were adopted to examine the Chinese version of the MEOS-SF factor structure in 645 Chinese participants (mean age = 24.68 ± 6.01 years) recruited online. Results Factor analysis supported a new three-factor model that included Conceal, Prosocial, and Non-prosocial, different from the original English MEOS-SF. Enhance and Divert merged to Prosocial factor while Worsen and Inauthentic merged to Non-prosocial factor because both prosocial and non-prosocial pairs had similar objectives, which would be perceived as the same thing by people in Eastern culture. As expected, MEOS-SF factors were found to be correlated with the Big Five, psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and trait EI. Conclusions Our results suggested that the Chinese version of MEOS-SF had acceptable psychometric properties and could be used to assess emotional manipulation.

Resolving a scientific embarrassment: A comment on the articles in this special issue

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis R. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Specific Attribute ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Broad Dimension

The controversy concerning the two dominant interpretations of Factor V reflects a confusion in the scientific literature between two different five‐factor models, each proposed for a different purpose. In the ‘Five‐Factor Model’ of genotypic personality dispositions, the fifth factor is interpreted as a broad dimension of Openness to Experience. On the other hand, in the ‘Big‐Five’ model of phenotypic personality‐trait descriptors, Factor V is best labeled as Intellect or Imagination, and Openness is viewed as a narrower and more specific attribute at a lower level in the hierarchy of lexicalized personality characteristics. As future investigators begin to differentiate more clearly between the two purposes of these models, their differential use of the two labels should serve to signal their scientific intents.

scholarly journals How response biases affect the factor structure of Big Five personality questionnaires

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabia Morales-Vives ◽  
Urbano Lorenzo-Seva ◽  
Andreu Vigil-Colet
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Response Biases

<p>Several studies have shown that personality self-reports may be affected by response biases, and that this may have consequences on their factor structure, especially in samples with little education or in adolescents. The current study aims to understand the effect of social desirability and acquiescence on the factor structure of three questionnaires based on the Five Factor Model of personality: the Big Five Inventory, the Five Factor Personality Inventory and the Overall Personality Assessment Scale. The data was analysed using a new method that removes the effects of both social desirability and acquiescence from the inter-item correlation matrix used for factor analysis. These effects were assessed in a sample of 392 university students, which contained no individuals with low educational levels, children or adolescents. The results showed that, even in samples with no individuals with low educational levels, controlling for social desirability and acquiescence led to a simpler factor structure that is more congruent with the theoretical solution expected from the five factor model. It also seems that in the domain of inventories based upon the five factor model, this effect may be specially due to acquiescence.</p>

The Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Short Version of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory in Two Independent Samples of Nonreferred Adolescents

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fossati ◽  
Antonella Somma ◽  
Serena Borroni ◽  
Fernanda Frera ◽  
Cesare Maffei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory

To assess the internal consistency, factor structure, and construct validity of the Italian translation of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Version (YPI-S), both the YPI-S and its full version, the YPI, as well as self-reports of delinquency, aggression, and Big Five domains, were administered to two independent samples ( N = 868 and N = 881) of Italian community, nonreferred adolescents. The internal consistency of the YPI-S was adequate, and confirmatory factor analyses showed a good fit of the theoretical three-factor model of the YPI-S in both samples. Hierarchical regression models suggested the same pattern of associations with self-report measures of delinquency and aggression for the YPI-S and YPI, although the YPI was a better predictor of Big Five domains than the YPI-S. The findings support the internal consistency, factor validity, and construct validity of the YPI-S.

Factor Structure Invariance in the Children's Big Five Questionnaire

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria del Barrio ◽  
Miguel Angel Carrasco ◽  
Francisco Pablo Holgado
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Invariant Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Gender

The factor structure invariance in the Big Five personality questionnaire was studied based on the self-reports of 852 Spanish children. Different degrees of invariance across age groups from 8 to 15 years old, and also according to gender, were investigated by means of confirmatory factor analysis with a matrix of polychoric correlations. The results provide empirical evidence for the invariant factor structure of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C) measurement across age and gender in children. The five-factor structure, the factor pattern coefficients, the factor variances/co-variances and, finally, the theoretical constructs were all found to be reasonably invariant across these groups, and especially across gender. The five-factor model adequately represented the data for each of these groups. The implications of these findings are discussed.

An alternative multi‐language structure for personality attributes

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
American English ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Interpersonal Factors ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
Lexical Data ◽  
Multiple Languages

A scientific taxonomy of human personality attributes should optimally be based on studies from multiple languages and cultures. Study 1 demonstrates convergence between seven‐factor structures found in previous studies of Filipino and Hebrew languages. Study 2 shows that this ‘Multi‐Language Seven’ (ML7) factor model overlaps partially with the Big Five model, but includes four rather than three affective–interpersonal factors, replicates in American English lexical data nearly as well as the Big Five, and has close correspondences to the structure upon which two Italian lexical studies have converged. Correlates were used to clarify interpretation of ML7 factors labelled Gregariousness, Self‐Assurance, Even Temper ‘versus Temperamentalness’, Concern for Others, Conscientiousness, Originality/Virtuosity, and Negative Valence ‘or Social Unacceptability’. These studies indicate the viability of a lexically derived ‘etic’ alternative to the Big Five. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Gone too far—or not far enough? Comments on the article by Ashton and Lee (2001)

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Big Five Factors

Ashton and Lee argue that Honesty should be added to the Big Five model of personality as a sixth factor, and present a theoretical framework for interpreting Big Five factors and Honesty that helps make sense of the proposed six‐factor structure. The attempt by Ashton and Lee to go beyond the Big Five is applauded, but numerous problems are evident. Adding Honesty to the Big Five is plausible only if one ignores key assumptions that the Big Five model consists of independent factors that are candidates for pervasive lexical universals. The proposal does not take into account significant deviations from the Anglo‐Germanic Big Five that have occurred in emic studies of languages having their origin outside of northern Europe, nor potential substantive interpretations of the widely replicated Negative Valence factor. Future studies should seek improvements or alternatives to the Big Five in a way that keeps constituent factors well discriminated from one another and enhances the likelihood of ubiquity across diverse languages and cultures. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Social Desirability in Personality Inventories

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bäckström ◽  
Fredrik Björklund
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Personality Inventories ◽  
Model Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Variables

The difference between evaluatively loaded and evaluatively neutralized five-factor inventory items was used to create new variables, one for each factor in the five-factor model. Study 1 showed that these variables can be represented in terms of a general evaluative factor which is related to social desirability measures and indicated that the factor may equally well be represented as separate from the Big Five as superordinate to them. Study 2 revealed an evaluative factor in self-ratings and peer ratings of the Big Five, but the evaluative factor in self-reports did not correlate with such a factor in ratings by peers. In Study 3 the evaluative factor contributed above the Big Five in predicting work performance, indicating a substance component. The results are discussed in relation to measurement issues and self-serving biases.

Construction and Validation of a Short Adjectives Checklist to Measure Big Five (SACBIF)

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Perugini ◽  
Luigi Leone
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Personality Dimensions

The aim of this contribution is to present a new short adjective-based measure of the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality, the Short Adjectives Checklist of BIg Five (SACBIF). We present the various steps of the construction and the validation of this instrument. First, 50 adjectives were selected with a selection procedure, the “Lining Up Technique” (LUT), specifically used to identify the best factorial markers of the FFM. Then, the factorial structure and the psychometric properties of the SACBIF were investigated. Finally, the SACBIF factorial structure was correlated with some main measures of the FFM to establish its construct validity and with some other personality dimensions to investigate how well these dimensions could be represented in the SACBIF factorial space.

Factorial Structure of the Therapist Adherence Measure-Revised (TAM-R) Within Multisystemic Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
Aurelie M. C. Lange ◽  
Marc J. M. H. Delsing ◽  
Ron H. J. Scholte ◽  
Rachel E. A. van der Rijken
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Multisystemic Therapy ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Adherence Measure ◽  
Therapist Adherence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Us

Abstract. The Therapist Adherence Measure (TAM-R) is a central assessment within the quality-assurance system of Multisystemic Therapy (MST). Studies into the validity and reliability of the TAM in the US have found varying numbers of latent factors. The current study aimed to reexamine its factor structure using two independent samples of families participating in MST in the Netherlands. The factor structure was explored using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in Sample 1 ( N = 580). This resulted in a two-factor solution. The factors were labeled “therapist adherence” and “client–therapist alliance.” Four cross-loading items were dropped. Reliability of the resulting factors was good. This two-factor model showed good model fit in a subsequent Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Sample 2 ( N = 723). The current finding of an alliance component corroborates previous studies and fits with the focus of the MST treatment model on creating engagement.

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