Edible mycorrhizal fungi of the world: What is their role in forest sustainability, food security, biocultural conservation and climate change?

Climate prediction models suggest that agricultural productivity will be significantly affected in the future. The expected rise in average global temperature due to the higher release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere and increased depletion of water resources with enhanced climate variability will be a serious threat to world food security. Moreover, there is an increase in the frequency and severity of long-lasting drought events over 1/3rd of the global landmass and five times increase in water demand deficits during the 21st century. The top three cereals, wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and rice (Oryza sativa), are the major and staple food crops of most people across the world. To meet the food demand of the ever-increasing population, which is expected to increase by over 9 billion by 2050, there is a dire need to increase cereal production by approximately 70%. However, we have observed a dramatic decrease in area of fertile and arable land to grow these crops. This trend is likely to increase in the future. Therefore, this review article provides an extensive review on recent and future projected area and production, the growth requirements and greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of the top three cereal crops, the effects of climate change on their yields, and the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and hormonal responses of plants to drought. We also discuss the potential strategies to tackle the effects of climate change and increase yields. These strategies include integrated conventional and modern molecular techniques and genomic approach, the implementation of agronomic best management (ABM) practices, and growing climate resilient cereal crops, such as millets. Millets are less resource-intensive crops and release a lower amount of greenhouse gases compared to other cereals. Therefore, millets can be the potential next-generation crops for research to explore the climate-resilient traits and use the information for the improvement of major cereals.

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Food and feed security

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200030775 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 238-238

Author(s):

M Raymond

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Water Availability ◽

Food Production ◽

General Acceptance ◽

Global Issue ◽

The World ◽

Increase Food Production ◽

Food And Feed

Food security is a global issue. General acceptance of the UN prediction that the world must increase food production by at least 50% in the next 20 years, and at least 100% in the next 40. Climate change and water availability will make this extremely challenging.

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Rice and Climaate Change:Implication for Food Security in Nigeria:A Review

Journal of Geographical Research ◽

10.30564/jgr.v4i1.2532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Diagi B. E. ◽

Edokpa D. O. ◽

Suzan Ajiere

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Extreme Event ◽

African Countries ◽

Sea Levels ◽

Land Preparation ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

The World ◽

Poverty Elimination

Climate change is already seen to be impacting on every aspect of life on earth especially in the agricultural sectors of developing nations. In Nigeria, and indeed the world over, seasons are shifting, temperatures are rising, landscapes are changing and sea levels are rising. Extreme event like drought and flood are becoming more frequent and pronounced. FAO in2009 further highlighted that Agriculture is expected to pay a significant cost of the damage caused by climate change. Nigeria as one of the African countries is highly vulnerable to the influence of climate change (IPCC, 2007), as this is already being experienced, in form of extreme events such as flooding, droughts in some Northern States, heat/cold waves, changes in weather patterns which have posed serious challenges to the sustainability of rice production.This will have implication for rice farming especially in Nigeria, where rain-fed agriculture is predominant, the onset and cessation of the rains ascertain the cultural practices of farmers, such as land preparation, crop variety selection and planting to harvesting (Odekunle, 2004; Umar, 2010). The implication of this will be interference with food security as rice is an essential food crop in Nigeria that is consumed by a large number of the population.The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2018, has warned that hunger in Africa is being made worse by the impacts of climate change as itthreatens the capacity of vulnerable countries to guarantee food security, poverty elimination and actualize sustainable development. The increasing rate of food insecurity in the world leading to different form of malnutrition is worrisome and more needs to be done in the areas of agriculture in order to ensure food security and improve on nutrition if a world without hunger is to be achieved by 2030.

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Food Security in India: Need for Improved Distribution System

Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351 ◽

10.19085/journal.sijbpg030702 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Shivesh Pandey

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Distribution System ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Healthy Life ◽

World Today ◽

Global Challenges ◽

Nutritious Food ◽

The World

Security (Food and Human) is one of the major challenges confronting the world today. Food security is inherently interlinked with other current global challenges of economy and climate change. Food security is said to exist when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

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The Challenges of Climate Change and Food Security in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): From Deep Understanding to Quick Actions

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401314666180326163009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 422-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rahaf M. Ajaj ◽

Suzan M. Shahin ◽

Mohammed A. Salem

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Food Production ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Deep Understanding ◽

Primary Objective ◽

World Population ◽

The World ◽

The Future

Climate change and global warming became a real concern for global food security. The world population explosion is a critical factor that results in enormous emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), required to cover the growing demands of fresh water, food, and shelter. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a significant oil-producing country, which is included in the list of 55 countries that produce at least 55% of the world’s GHGs and thus involved in the top 30 countries over the world with emission deficits. At the same time, the UAE is located in an arid region of the world, with harsh environmental conditions. The sharp population increases and the massive growth in the urbanization are primary sources, lead to further stresses on the agricultural sector. Thus, the future of the food production industry in the country is a challenging situation. Consequently, the primary objective of this work is to shed light on the current concerns related to climate change and food security, through describing the implications of climate change on the food production sector of the UAE. Tailored solutions that can rescue the future of food security in the country are also highlighted.

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An Overview of Climate Change and Impacts on Food Security in Small Island Developing States

Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security in Small Island Developing States ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6501-9.ch001 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1-31

Author(s):

T. Grady Roberts ◽

Mary T. Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Regional Climate Change ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Small Island ◽

Coastal Zones ◽

Small Island Developing States ◽

Climate Change Projections ◽

The World

Our climate is changing and this will impact food security around the world. The impacts from climate change will not be evenly felt around the world. Some of the most vulnerable areas will be coastal zones and island territories. Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are especially vulnerable. This chapter provides an overview of climate change, discusses climate change projections, and then highlights specific regional climate change projections. It then discusses how SIDS can respond to climate change, introduces gender as a variable to consider when discussing climate change, and concludes by emphasizing the importance of monitoring and evaluation.

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Introduction

10.5406/illinois/9780252041037.003.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick D. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Environmental Risk ◽

Consumer Culture ◽

Public Life ◽

Resource Depletion ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

Apparent Paradox ◽

The World ◽

Media Systems

This introduction situates the book within an apparent paradox: In this age of climate change, internationally networked media systems and mobile technologies increasingly serve as the purveyors of environmentally “progressive” themes designed to awaken eco-consciousness and engender citizen based action. However, despite the rise in eco-driven plots in entertainment, green advertising and green voices in the blogosphere, citizens from countries both rich and poor around the world continue to be enmeshed in mediascapes designed to encourage consumption. To engage these contradictions and developments, this chapter outlines why it is important to make sense of the media’s circulation of ideas and issues regarding the environment around the globe, setting the tone for the following chapters by suggesting how the study of media and globalization can expose the links between corporate agendas, state agendas, consumer culture, resource depletion, food security, environmental risk, anthropogenic climate change, and public life.

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Ecosystem Services, Climate Change, and Food Security

10.4018/978-1-6684-3686-8.ch029 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 603-635

Author(s):

Samreen Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Food Security ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Food Sources ◽

Global Crisis ◽

Major Food ◽

The World ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Future Population

Food security is a rising concern around the world, especially in developing countries within arid and semi-arid regions. Ecosystem provides different services to support living and human survival, which includes some major food sources around the world like agriculture, fisheries, and livestock. With advancing times, humans improved these services and produced enough food to support the rising population. However, with increasing greenhouse gases, a new problem came into existence, commonly known as climate change (CC), which accelerated issues like food security and safety. Under such issues, people don't have access to basic facilities and food supply to survive, and with future population growth estimates, it is becoming even more difficult. Some major food sources together with alternate sources are discussed in this chapter. Upcoming CC impacts are discussed in detail in relation to major food sources and supported by world maps to provide a better picture. Major actions, government initiatives, and some suggestions are also provided to overcome this global crisis.

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How Agroecology is an Alternative to Avoiding the "Hunger Pandemic" and Climate Change?

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i1631424 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

Mitashi K. Jules

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

The World

The crisis plaguing the world has weakened the globalization that has been underway for several decades. Trade, movement of goods and people are affected. Food security is threatened. Consequently, the recourse to a production-consumption policy which underpins the viability of ecosystems and human societies is more imperative than ever. Based on its potential, agroecology is proving to be an alternative since it is in many ways an expression of the population mainly made up of non-executives in society.

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