Effects of the carbonate content in carbonate apatite on bone replacement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaai Deguchi ◽  
Shunsuke Nomura ◽  
Akira Tsuchiya ◽  
Ichiro Takahashi ◽  
Kunio Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Bone Replacement

Basic Properties of Carbonate Apatite Cement Consisting of Vaterite and Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Cahyanto ◽  
Michito Maruta ◽  
Kanji Tsuru ◽  
Shigeki Matsuya ◽  
Ishikawa Kunio
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dicalcium Phosphate ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Bone Apatite ◽  
Diametral Tensile Strength

The aim of the present study is to fabricate bone cement that could transform to carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) completely at body temperature. The powder phase of vaterite and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) was mixed with 0.8 mol/L of NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, and Na3PO4 aqueous solution, respectively, with liquid to powder ratio (L/P ratio) of 0.45, 0.55, and 0.65. The paste was packed into split stainless steel mold, covered with the glass slide and kept at 37°C and 100% relative humidity for up to 96 hours (h). XRD analysis revealed that the cement became pure CO3Ap within 24 h for Na3PO4, 72 h for Na2HPO4, and 96 h for NaH2PO4, respectively. FT-IR results showed that all of the obtained specimens could be assigned to B-type CO3Ap. CHN analysis showed the carbonate content of the specimen were 10.4 ± 0.3% for NaH2PO4, 11.3 ± 0.7% for Na2HPO4, and 11.8 ± 0.4% for Na3PO4, respectively. Diametral tensile strength of the set CO3Ap cement was 1.95 ± 0.42 MPa for NaH2PO4, 2.53 ± 0.53 MPa for Na2HPO4, and 3.45 ± 1.53 MPa for Na3PO4, respectively. The set CO3Ap cement had low crystallinity similar to bone apatite since it was synthesized at body temperature. We concluded, therefore, that CO3Ap cement prepared from the present method has higher possibility to be used as an ideal bone replacement.

Carbonate Apatite Bone Replacement

2013 ◽  
Vol 587 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishikawa Kunio
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Inorganic Component ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Inorganic component of bone is not hydroxyapatite but carbonate apatite. Although pure carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) has not been prepared due to the limited thermal stability of CO3Ap, dissolution - precipitation method using precursor block allows fabrication of pure CO3Ap. Fabrication of CO3Ap, cell response, tissue response and improvement of CO3Ap will be discussed.

Effect of CaSO4 Dissolution-Precipitation Time on Formation of Porous Carbonate Apatite as Bone Replacement Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusuma Eriwati Yosi ◽  
Arsista Dede ◽  
Triaminingsih Siti ◽  
Sunarso
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Type B ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bone Replacement Material ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Thermo Fisher Scientific

Introduction: Carbonate apatite type B (C-Ap) has been used as a bone replacement material because of its osteoconductive properties. Clinically, the pores formed in bone replacement material aid in cell mobility and nutrient supply, thereby increasing the bone regeneration ability. CO32- ions found in this material are useful for maintaining a stable physiological environment in the bone in order for it to be easily absorbed by osteoclasts. Porous C-Ap type B is formed using the dissolution–precipitation method by immersing porous anhydrous CaSO4 in a mixture of carbonate and phosphate solutions. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion ofCaSO4using the dissolution–precipitation method on the formation of porous C-Ap type B with calcium sulfate precursor hemihydrate. Method: Porous C-Ap type B was produced usinga mixture of calcium sulfate hemihydrate precursors with 50 wt% polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) porogen and distilled water. After hardening, the calcium sulfate dihydrate containing PMMA was burned in an oven at 700°C for 4 h to remove the PMMA. The specimen was immersed in a mixture of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Phase testing through X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation at 40 kV and 40 mA was performed. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used for detecting the functional groups of CO32- and PO42-. Results: XRD results showed the formation of C-Ap at 6 and 12 h, but the anhydrous CaSO4 phase remained; alternatively, this phase was absent after 24 h of immersion phase andFTIR showed the presence of the functional groups of CO32- compounds. Conclusion: Porous C-Ap type B can be formed from CaSO4 precursors after 24 h of immersion using the dissolution–precipitation method.

Fabrication of Spherical Carbonate Apatite Using Calcium Sulfate as a Precursor by W/O Emulsion Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Nomura ◽  
Kanji Tsuru ◽  
Shigeki Matsuya ◽  
Ichiro Takahashi ◽  
Ishikawa Kunio
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Emulsion Method ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate

We fabricated spherical carbonate apatite from spherical calcium sulfate which was prepared by w/o emulsion method. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate slurry was dropped in oil under continuous stirring and was kept at room temperature for 60 min to obtain set spherical calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO42H2O) with approximately 1 mm in diameter. The spherical CaSO42H2O was hydrothermally-treated at 120°C for 24 hours in the presence of 0.4 mol.L-1 disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction patterns assigned to apatite single phase could be detected from the obtained spheres. Carbonate content in apatitic structure was found to be approximately 6.5wt%.

Carbonated-Apatite/Gelatine Porous Scaffolds for Bone Replacement

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 547-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Landi ◽  
Selanna Martorana ◽  
Anna Tampieri ◽  
Stefano Guicciardi ◽  
Cesare Melandri
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Carbonated Apatite ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths ◽  
Phase Chemical

A novel foaming method of design and synthesis of porous Carbonate-apatite/gelatine composite scaffolds is proposed for biomedical applications. Two different suspensions, one constituted by a biomimetic inorganic phase (B-CHA) and the second by a protein (gelatine), are mixed, foamed, lyophilized and, in some cases, cross-linked to stabilize the organic phase. Chemical, morphological and mechanical features of the scaffolds are evaluated. The samples have chemical composition, compressive and flexural strengths and Young modulus values in the range of trabecular bone ones. A high interconnected porosity (about 90%) showing a micro- to macrosize distribution, that is needed for osteoconduction and vascolarization processes in vivo, is also detected.

scholarly journals Replacement Process of Carbonate Apatite by Alveolar Bone in a Rat Extraction Socket

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4457
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Zhang ◽  
Ikiru Atsuta ◽  
Ikue Narimatsu ◽  
Nobuyuki Ueda ◽  
Ryosuke Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Extraction Socket ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this study was to investigate a bone graft substitute containing carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) to analyze bone replacement and the state of bone formation in vitro and in vivo compared with autogenous bone (AB) or control. An osteoclast precursor cell line was cultured with AB or CO3Ap, and morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy and a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity assay were performed. The right maxillary first and second molars of Wistar rats were extracted and compensated by AB or CO3Ap granules. Following implantation, the bone formation state was evaluated after 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days of surgery by micro-computed tomography and immunohistostaining. The osteoclast-like cell morphology was typical with many cell protrusions in the AB and CO3Ap groups. Additionally, the number of osteoclast-like cells formed in the culture increased in each group; however, there was no significant difference between the AB and CO3Ap groups. Five days after tooth extraction, osteoclasts were observed near CO3Ap. The bone thickness in the CO3Ap group was significantly increased than that in the control group and the bone formation in the CO3Ap group increased by the same level as that in the AB group. CO3Ap is gradually absorbed by osteoclasts in the extraction socket and is easily replaced by alveolar bone. The process of bone replacement by osteoclasts is similar to that of autologous bone. By observing the process of bone replacement in more detail, it may be possible to gain a better understanding of the bone formation and control the amount of bone after surgery.

scholarly journals Preparation of carbonate apatite scaffolds using different carbonate solution and soaking time

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadilah Darus ◽  
Mariatti Jaafar ◽  
Nurazreena Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate

The aim of this study is to fabricate CO3Ap scaffolds using a dissolution-precipitation reaction during hydrothermal treatment. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) was used as a precursor instead of the commonly used alpha-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP). Here, the CO3Ap scaffold fabrication was accomplished in two steps: i) fabrication of ?-TCP scaffold using a combination of direct foaming and a sacrificial template and ii) hydrothermal conversion of the ?-TCP scaffold at 200?C in 2mol/l NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 aqueous solutions for 2-10 days. The effect of two different solutions was identified in the dissolution-precipitation reaction. CO3Ap scaffold with 8.95wt.% carbonate content was successfully fabricated using a NaHCO3 solution. The average pore size of the scaffold was approximately 180 ?m with 72% porosity. The average compressive strength of the CO3Ap scaffold was 0.7MPa. Based on the compressive strength and carbonate content results, NaHCO3 aqueous solutions were chosen as carbonate sources for phase transformation to fabricate a CO3Ap scaffold over 6 days.

Fabrication of Carbonate Apatite Based on Hydrothermal Reaction Using Freeze-Casted β-TCP Precursor

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Normahira Mamat ◽  
Mariatti Jaafar ◽  
Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Interconnected Structure ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

Carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) has similarity to biological bone in composition which is expected to induce excellent tissue response and osteoconductivity. CO3Ap with lower crystallinity also promotes more apatite absorption in vivo. This study aims to fabricate low crystallinity of carbonate apatite from β-TCP scaffold as precursor using hydrothermal treatment at 200oC. An interconnected structure of β-TCP scaffolds were fabricated by freeze casting method which immersed in 5 mol/L of disodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution for hydrothermal with various days of treatment; 3, 5 and 7 days. The morphology of apatite transformed was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while the crystallinity was measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The carbonate content and Ca/P ratio after hydrothermal were obtained by CHN analyzer and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), respectively. The results show that carbonate content higher than 11 wt% was obtained which is important for both cell adhesion and proliferation. The apatite structure in the form of needle-like crystal is also observed.

scholarly journals Effect of different doses of creatine on the bone in thirty days of supplementation in mice: FT-Raman study

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Miranda ◽  
Renato Aparecido De Souza ◽  
Maira Gaspar Tosato ◽  
Roberto Simão ◽  
Murilo Xavier Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Ft Raman

In this study, Raman spectroscopy was employed in order to provide information about the effects of different doses of creatine on bone tissue composition of phosphate apatite (960 cm–1), carbonate apatite (1170 cm–1) representing the mineral content and collagen matrix (amide I, 1665 cm–1). The animals (27 Balb-C male) were divided into three groups (n═ per group): control (CON), supplemented with 0.5 g/kg (Cre-0.5) and with 2.0 g/kg (Cre-2.0) creatine. The experiment was carried out for thirty days. After this time, the right femur of each animal was harvested. The specimens were assessment by FT-Raman spectroscopy and in a total of 81 spectra were acquired in the medial diaphysis of the femur. The Raman data strongly suggest that only the creatine supplementation of 0.5 g/kg effective to the bone constitution. Furthermore, the present results demonstrate that creatine ingestion provokes decrease in the relative presence of carbonate in the chemical constitution of bones. The decrease in the carbonate content can be associated to a significantly bone resistance altered to several mammalians. The analysis evidenced that the mineral concentrations in the Raman spectroscopy could be a feasible method for non-invasive or minimally invasive assessment of bone tissue composition. Probably this high sensitivity can be employed to determine spectral profiles, such as wavelength of maximum absorption and maximum intensity of absorption of each wavelength, of several bone diseases.

Carbonate Apatite Bone Replacement

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Bone Replacement
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