scholarly journals Replacement Process of Carbonate Apatite by Alveolar Bone in a Rat Extraction Socket

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4457
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Zhang ◽  
Ikiru Atsuta ◽  
Ikue Narimatsu ◽  
Nobuyuki Ueda ◽  
Ryosuke Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Extraction Socket ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this study was to investigate a bone graft substitute containing carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) to analyze bone replacement and the state of bone formation in vitro and in vivo compared with autogenous bone (AB) or control. An osteoclast precursor cell line was cultured with AB or CO3Ap, and morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy and a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity assay were performed. The right maxillary first and second molars of Wistar rats were extracted and compensated by AB or CO3Ap granules. Following implantation, the bone formation state was evaluated after 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days of surgery by micro-computed tomography and immunohistostaining. The osteoclast-like cell morphology was typical with many cell protrusions in the AB and CO3Ap groups. Additionally, the number of osteoclast-like cells formed in the culture increased in each group; however, there was no significant difference between the AB and CO3Ap groups. Five days after tooth extraction, osteoclasts were observed near CO3Ap. The bone thickness in the CO3Ap group was significantly increased than that in the control group and the bone formation in the CO3Ap group increased by the same level as that in the AB group. CO3Ap is gradually absorbed by osteoclasts in the extraction socket and is easily replaced by alveolar bone. The process of bone replacement by osteoclasts is similar to that of autologous bone. By observing the process of bone replacement in more detail, it may be possible to gain a better understanding of the bone formation and control the amount of bone after surgery.

scholarly journals Carbonate Apatite Containing Statin Enhances Bone Formation in Healing Incisal Extraction Sockets in Rats

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunia Rakhmatia ◽  
Yasunori Ayukawa ◽  
Akihiro Furuhashi ◽  
Kiyoshi Koyano
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using apatite blocks fabricated by a dissolution–precipitation reaction of preset gypsum, with or without statin, to enhance bone formation during socket healing after tooth extraction. Preset gypsum blocks were immersed in a Na3PO4 aqueous solution to make hydroxyapatite (HA) low crystalline and HA containing statin (HAFS), or in a mixed solution of Na2HPO4 and NaHCO3 to make carbonate apatite (CO) and CO containing statin (COFS). The right mandibular incisors of four-week-old male Wistar rats were extracted and the sockets were filled with one of the bone substitutes or left untreated as a control (C). The animals were sacrificed at two and four weeks. Areas in the healing socket were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses. The bone volume, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation were greatest in the COFS group, followed by the CO, HAFS, HA, and C groups. The bone mineral density of the COFS group was greater than that of the other groups when evaluated in the vertical plane. The results of this study suggest that COFS not only allowed, but also promoted, bone healing in the socket. This finding could be applicable for alveolar bone preservation after tooth extraction.

Histomorphology on Healing of the Chitosan Membrane and β-TCP on Dental Implant Dehiscence Defects in Dogs

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Y.S. Kim ◽  
Tae Gyun Kim ◽  
Ui Won Jung ◽  
C.S. Kim ◽  
Seong Ho Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Space Maintenance ◽  
Experimental Group

Dehiscence bone defects, frequently observed on dental implants placed in periodontitis-affected alveolar bone or extraction sockets were treated with β-tricalcium phosphate (β –TCP) and chitosan membrane for guided bone regeneration, and the new bone formation on the treated sites were studied. Beagle dogs were used for the experiment. First to fourth mandibular premolars were extracted, and the post extraction alveolar bone surface was planed. After 8 weeks of healing, 3 by 4mm dehiscence defects were created using straight fissure burs. Total of 16 oxidized titanium surface implants were placed on the bone defects of the subjects, two on each side. Control sites were treated with implants only. Experimental Group 1 sites were treated with implants and chitosan membrane. Experimental Group 2 sites were treated with implants, β-TCP and chitosan membrane. Experimental Group 3 sites were treated with implants, β-TCP, autogenous bone and chitosan membrane. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after implant placement, and the specimens from the treated sites were histologically studied with following results. Limited amount of new bone formation was observed in control group with unexposed membrane. Slightly greater amount of bone formation was observed on sites treated with β-TCP+membrane or autogenous bone+ β-TCP+membrane compared to control group. Remnants of chitosan membrane and β-TCP encapsulated with connective tissue were observed during experimental periods. These results suggest that further studies are needed on membrane rigidity and infection control for space maintenance underneath the membrane and bone substitutes in the treatment of dehiscence defects.

scholarly journals Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Jila Nasirzade ◽  
Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman ◽  
Zahra Kargarpour ◽  
Ulrike Kuchler ◽  
Franz Josef Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Critical Size Defects ◽  
Tooth Roots ◽  
Calvarial Defects ◽  
Collagen Membranes

Autogenous tooth roots are increasingly applied as a grafting material in alveolar bone augmentation. Since tooth roots undergo creeping substitution similar to bone grafts, it can be hypothesized that osteoclasts release the growth factors stored in the dentin thereby influencing bone formation. To test this hypothesis, collagen membranes were either soaked in acid dentin lysates (ADL) from extracted porcine teeth or serum–free medium followed by lyophilization. Thereafter, these membranes covered standardized 5-mm-diameter critical-size defects in calvarial bone on rats. After four weeks of healing, micro-computed tomography and histological analyses using undecalcified thin ground sections were performed. Micro-computed tomography of the inner 4.5 mm calvaria defects revealed a median bone defect coverage of 91% (CI: 87–95) in the ADL group and 94% (CI: 65–100) in the control group, without significant differences between the groups (intergroup p > 0.05). Furthermore, bone volume (BV) was similar between ADL group (5.7 mm3, CI: 3.4–7.1) and control group (5.7 mm3, CI: 2.9–9.7). Histomorphometry of the defect area confirmed these findings with bone area values amounting to 2.1 mm2 (CI: 1.2–2.6) in the ADL group and 2.0 mm2 (CI: 1.1–3.0) in the control group. Together, these data suggest that acid dentin lysate lyophilized onto collagen membranes failed to modulate the robust bone formation when placed onto calvarial defects.

scholarly journals Intermittent Hypoxic Therapy Inhibits Allogenic Bone-Graft Resorption by Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis in a Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Natasja Leth Bergholt ◽  
Ari Demirel ◽  
Michael Pedersen ◽  
Ming Ding ◽  
Tue Wenzel Kragstrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Allogenic Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Rankl ◽  
Allogenic Bone Graft ◽  
Graft Resorption

Systemic Intermittent Hypoxic Therapy (IHT) relies on the adaptive response to hypoxic stress. We investigated allogenic bone-graft resorption in the lumbar spine in 48 mice. The mice were exposed to IHT for 1 week before surgery or 1 week after surgery and compared with controls after 1 and 4 weeks. Complete graft resorption was observed in 33–36% of the animals in the control group, but none in the preoperative IHT group. Increased bone-graft volume was demonstrated by micro-computed tomography in the preoperative IHT group after 1 week (p = 0.03) while a non-significant difference was observed after 4 weeks (p = 0.12). There were no significant differences in the postoperative IHT group. Increased concentration of immune cells was localized in the graft area, and more positive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was found in controls compared with IHT allogenic bone grafts. Systemic IHT resulted in a significant increase of the major osteoclast inhibitor osteoprotegerin as well as osteogenic and angiogenic regulators Tgfbr3, Fst3l, Wisp1, and Vegfd. Inflammatory cytokines and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) stimulators IL-6, IL-17a, IL-17f, and IL-23r increased after 1 and 4 weeks, and serum RANKL expression remained constant while Ccl3 and Ccl5 decreased. We conclude that the adaptive response to IHT activates numerous pathways leading to inhibition of osteoclastic activity and inhibition of allogenic bone-graft resorption.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-extraction intermittent PTH administration on extraction socket healing in bisphosphonate administered ovariectomized rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Kim ◽  
Hyo-Won Jang ◽  
Jung-In Kim ◽  
In-Ho Cha
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Extraction Socket ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Socket Healing ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of administering intermittent parathyroid hormone (iPTH) before tooth extraction versus after tooth extraction on the risk of developing MRONJ in experimental animal model. Twenty-five ovariectomized rats received 6 weeks of bisphosphonate therapy. They were classified into 3 groups, based on the timing of the medication, as Control, Pre-PTH and Post-PTH groups. For Control group, normal saline was administered before and after tooth extraction. iPTH was administered during 4 weeks before tooth extraction for Pre-PTH group and after tooth extraction for Post-PTH group. The animals were euthanized 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Macroscopic, histological, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histomorphometric examinations were conducted. The incidences of impaired healing were 11.11% both in Pre-PTH and Post-PTH groups, which was lower than the Control group (42.86%). Bone healing in the extraction socket, based on micro-CT and histomorphometry evaluations, was best in Post-PTH and worst in Control group. The Pre-PTH group showed moderate healing pattern. Despite of limitations in this study, the authors identified Pre-PTH group seems to have positive effect on extraction socket healing. With regard to timing, administering iPTH after tooth extraction was superior to applying it before tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Filling of extraction sockets with autogenous bone in cats

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelina Maria da Silva ◽  
Wilson Machado de Souza ◽  
Nair Trevizan Machado de Souza ◽  
Marion Burkhardt de Koivisto ◽  
Patrícia de Athayde Barnabé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Canine Tooth ◽  
Extraction Socket ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To evaluate bone healing in the extraction socket of the feline mandibular canine tooth after grafting. METHODS: Eighteen adult cats were submitted to unilateral extraction of mandibular canine tooth and divided into three groups. In group 1 (n=6), control, the extraction socket was left empty. In group 2 (n=6), the extraction socket was filled with autogenous cancelous bone from the iliac crest and in group 3 (n=6), with cortical bone chips from the iliac crest. Cats were euthanized at 6 weeks postoperative. RESULTS: Immediate postoperative radiographs in dorsoventral view showed a radiolucent area at the extraction wound. A decreased radiolucency was observed on the radiographs taken at 6 weeks postoperative. Histological examination showed formation of woven bone within the extraction socket. The percentage of newly formed bone within the extraction socket, measured by the histometry, showed no statistically significant difference among the values of the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis'test p>0.05) (group 1: 52.54 ± 15.46, group 2: 50.51 ± 5.01, group 3: 51.85 ± 9.52). CONCLUSION: The bone regeneration observed in the extraction sockets filled with autogenous cancellous bone or autogenous cortical bone chips was similar to that observed in the control sites, given an observation period of 6 weeks after extraction of the mandibular canine tooth.

scholarly journals The potentiation of Mangifera casturi bark extract on interleukin- 1β and bone morphogenic protein-2 expressions during bone remodeling after tooth extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Bayu Indra Sukmana ◽  
Theresia Indah Budhy ◽  
I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein 2

Background: The main oral health problem in Indonesia is the high number of tooth decay. Tooth extraction is the treatment often received by patients who experience tooth decay and the wound caused by alveolar bone resorption. Bark of Mangifera casturi has been studied and proven to contain secondary metabolite which has the ability to increase osteoblast’s activity and suppress osteoclast’s activity. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) activities during bone remodeling after Mangifera casturi’s bark extract treatment. Method: This study was laboratory experimental research with randomized post-test only control group design. The Mangifera casturi bark was extracted using 96% ethanol maceration and n-hexane fractionation. This study used 40 male Wistar rats which are divided into 4 groups and the tooth extraction was performed on the rats’ right mandible incisive tooth. The four groups consisted of 6.35%, 12.7%, 25.4% extract treatment group, and a control group. Wistar’s mandibles were decapitated on the 7th and 14th day after extraction. Antibody staining on preparations for the examination of IL-1β and BMP-2 expressions was done using immunohistochemistry. Result: There was a significant difference of IL-1β and BMP-2 expressions in 6,35%, 12,7%, and 25,4% treatment groups compared to control group with p<0.05. Conclusion: Mangifera casturi’s bark extract was able to suppress the IL-1β expression and increase the BMP-2 expression during bone remodeling after tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Histomorphometric Evaluation of Socket Preservation Using Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial and BM-MSC in Dogs

Scanning ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyun Kim ◽  
Puneet Wadhwa ◽  
HongXin Cai ◽  
Dong-Hyung Kim ◽  
Bing Cheng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Bone Graft Material ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is aimed at assessing the dimensional alterations occurring in the alveolar bone after premolar extraction in dogs with histomorphometric and histological analysis. After atraumatic premolar extraction, tooth-derived bone graft material was grafted in the extraction socket of the premolar region in the lower jaws of six dogs in two experimental groups. In the second experimental group, BM-MSCs were added together with the graft. The control was left untreated on the opposite side. After twelve weeks, all six animals were sacrificed. Differences in alveolar bone height crests lingually and buccally, and alveolar bone width at 1, 3, and 5 mm infracrestally, were examined. Histologic study revealed osteoconductive properties of tooth biomaterial. A statistically significant difference was detected between the test and control groups. In the test groups, a reduced loss of vertical and horizontal alveolar bone dimensions compared with the control group was observed. Tooth bone graft material may be considered useful for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction, as it could limit the natural bone resorption process.

scholarly journals Effect of platelet rich-fibrin on alveolar osteitis incidence following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: A comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali S. Abdul Kareem ◽  
Ali H. Al Hussaini
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Extraction Socket ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alveolar Osteitis

Background: Postoperative morbidity after extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) is inevitable. One of the most common postoperative complication is alveolar osteitis (AO) which is a painful non healed socket. Many researches were attempted to prevent the occurrence of AO by introducing and applying a new materials inside the extraction socket. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a biological complex fibrin matrix where autologous platelets and leucocytes are present, used to enhance tissue healing process and reduce the early adverse effects of the inflammation. Aims: To evaluate the effect of PRF on the incidence of AO. Also to assess PRF effect on pain, swelling, and trismus following the surgical removal of IMTM and compare it with the control group. Materials and methods: This clinical prospective study was conducted from October 2016 to October 2017 at the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of dentistry/University of Baghdad; and Al-Sadr Specialized Health Center. A total number of 50 IMTMs were surgically removed from 45 patients who met the inclusion criteria (21 males and 24 females) with age ranged from 16-41 years. The cases were divided into two groups: a study group (25 cases) where PRF were placed inside the extraction socket and control group (25 cases) where traditional surgery were performed. AO, trismus and swelling were assessed at the 2nd and 7th postoperative day. Pain scored by numeric rating scale daily by the patients. Results: The study showed that age, gender, side of impaction, oral hygiene condition, impacted tooth classification, surgical difficulty, and the time of procedure in both control and study groups had nearly similar distribution with non- significant difference. At the 1st follow up period: Trismus (P-value = 0.834) and Swelling (P-value = 0.592) were non- significant between the two groups. AO had overall incidence of 4% occurred only in the control group, while the PRF group had no occurrence (0%), but the difference was statistically non significant. Postoperative pain had no significance difference in both groups. At the 2nd follow up period there was no significant difference regarding trismus, swelling, and incidence of AO between both groups. Conclusion: Local application of PRF can reduce the incidence of AO but not to a significant level. PRF had no effect concerning postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus.

scholarly journals The combination of miacalcic, calcium lactate, and vitamin C as postextracted alveolar bone resorption inhibitor

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Sri Kentjananingsih
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Calcium Lactate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Tooth extraction can cause alveolar resorption, and will reduce the denture retention. The process of bone resorption looks like the process of osteoporosis. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is the rational therapy for minimizing bone loss. Miacalcic is the drug of choice for osteporotic patient. Purpose: This study is aimed to know whether the combination of miacalcic, calcium lactate, and vitamin C are effective in inhibiting post extracted alveolar resorption. Methods: Thirty three healthy postmenopausal women were chosen as samples and they were classified randomly into control group (without treatment), 1st experiment group (treatment was started 3 months post extraction), and 2nd experiment group (treatment was started at the 2nd day post extraction). The treatment was done by giving miacalcic nasal spray, calcium lactate 500 mg and vitamin C 100 mg tablets every morning in 10 days every month for 3 months. X-ray photo of the post extracted area were taken an hour, 3 months, and 6 months post-extraction. Results: After 6 month, there was significant difference in buccolingual thickness decreasing among three groups (p<0.05). The maximum mean difference of buccolingual thickness decreasing was 0.72 mm, between control and 2nd experiment groups. There was no significant difference about decreasing bone density among them (p>0.10). The maximum difference of the mean of density decreasing was 1,906 g/cm2/mm between control and 2nd experiment groups. The increasing density mostly occurred in the 2nd experiment group. Conclusion: The combination of miacalcic, calcium lactate, and vitamin C are effective for inhibiting alveolar resorption, although statistically there was no significant difference about bone density decreasing. The sooner this treatment is given the better result will be achieved.Latar belakang: Pencabutan gigi menyebabkan resorpsi tulang alveolaris, dan akan mengurangi retensi geligi tiruan. Proses resorpsi tulang alveol pada osteoporosis mirip dengan proses resorpsi tulang pada penyembuhan luka bekas pencabutan. Miacalcic adalah obat utama untuk penderita osteoporosis. Kalsium dan vitamin D merupakan terapi yang rasional untuk meminimalkan resorpsi tulang. tujuan: Membuktikan apakah kombinasi miacalcic, kalsium laktat, and vitamin C juga efektif menghambat resorpsi tulang alveol pasca pencabutan. Metode: Sampel 33 wanita postmenopause yang sehat, terbagi secara acak ke dalam kelompok kontrol (tanpa perlakuan), kelompok eksperimen 1 (perlakuan mulai 3 bulan pasca pencabutan) dan kelompok eksperimen 2 (perlakuan mulai hari kedua pasca pencabutan). Perlakuannya yaitu: pemberian miacalcic semprot hidung, tablet kalsium laktat 500 mg dan vitamin C 100 mg setiap pagi, 10 hari dalam sebulan, selama tiga bulan. Foto sinar-X dari regio pasca pencabutan dibuat satu jam, 3 bulan, dan 6 bulan pasca pencabutan. Hasil: 6 bulan pasca-cabut, ada beda bermakna perihal selisih tebal bukolingual tulang alveol antar ketiga kelompok (p<0,05). Rerata penurunan ketebalan ini maksimal sebanyak 0.72 mm, antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen 2. Penurunan kepadatan tulang antar ketiga kelompok tidak bermakna (p>0,10). Beda maksimum rerata kepadatan tulang antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen 2 sebesar 1,906 g/cm2/mm. Peningkatan kepadatan terbanyak dialami anggota kelompok eksperimen 2. Kesimpulan: Kombinasi miacalcic, kalsium laktat, vitamin C efektif menghambat resorpsi tulang alveolaris, walaupun secara statistik beda penurunan kepadatan tidak bermakna. Makin awal pemberian perlakuan, hasilnya akan lebih baik.

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