Seasonal calving UK dairy herds: A farmer survey of fertility and veterinary services

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Giles ◽  
Emma Fishbourne ◽  
Robert Frank Smith ◽  
Helen Mary Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Farmer Survey

Competitiveness of the Ghanaian vegetable sector: Findings from a farmer survey

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Keyword(s):  
Farmer Survey

Mode d’utilisation des antibiotiques dans les élevages de bovin laitier sédentaires au nord-ouest du Bénin

2019 ◽  
Vol 42.2 ◽  
pp. 7198-7206
Author(s):  
Mensah Serge Egide Paulin ◽  
Sessou Philippe ◽  
Nata Christie ◽  
Adjahoutonon Koomlan Yélindo Kadjinou Brice ◽  
Lahamy Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotics Residues ◽  
Lait De Vache

Une enquête transversale a été faite pour évaluer l’utilisation des antibiotiques dans les élevages de production de lait de vache des communes de Natitingou, Kérou, Pehunco, Kouandé et Djougou au nord-ouest du Bénin. Sur 452 éleveurs enquêtés, 347 (76,7%) utilisaient des antibiotiques sans assistance vétérinaire pour le traitement des affections respiratoires (19,0%), les entérites néo natales (19,0%), les dermatoses (18,0%), les plaies (17,0%), les mammites (17,0%) ou d’autres maladies (10,0%). Les tétracyclines (100,0%), les pénicillines (100,0%), les sulfamides (47,1%) et les macrolides (16,8%) étaient les familles d’antibiotiques les plus utilisées. 35,6% des éleveurs achetait les antibiotiques au marché contre 84,4% chez un vétérinaire et 35,1% les achetait sans le conseil d’un vétérinaire. Plus de 50% des éleveurs ne consulte pas un vétérinaire pour l’administration des antibiotiques ou n’adapte jamais la posologie selon le poids des bovins traités. Enfin, 83,6% des éleveurs faisaient traire les vaches sous traitement antibiotiques tout comme les vaches sans traitement. Les services vétérinaires du Bénin devraient mieux contrôler de l’utilisation des antibiotiques en production de lait de vache et sensibiliser les éleveurs sur le risque représenté par la présence de résidus d’antibiotiques dans le lait de vache consommé. ABSTRACT A cross sectional survey was conducted to assess the use of antibiotic in dairy farms in the municipalities of Natitingou, Kérou, Pehunco, Kouandé and Djougou in northwestern Benin. Three hundred and Forty seven 347 (76.7%) of the 452 surveyed farmers used antibiotics without veterinary assistance against neonatal enteritis (19.0%), dermatitis (18.0%), wounds (17.0%), mastitis (17.0%) or others diseases (10.0%). Tetracyclines (100.0%), penicillins (100.0%), sulfonamides (47.1%) and macrolides (16.8 %) and were the most used families of antibiotics. 35.6% of breeders bought antibiotics at the market against 84.4% at a veterinarian and 35.1% bought them without the advice of a veterinarian. More than 50% of breeders do not consult a veterinarian for the administration of antibiotics or never adapt the dosage according to the weight of the treated cattle. Finally, 83.6% of breeders milked cows under antibiotic treatment as cows without treatment. Benin veterinary services should more control the use of antibiotics in dairy farms and inform the farmer about the risk associated with the presence of antibiotics residues in consumed cow milk.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance and Partial Budget Analysis of a Prostaglandin or a Modified Ovsyn3ch Protocol in Autumn Calving Dairy Herds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
George Lindley ◽  
Jim Willshire ◽  
Steven Van Winden
Keyword(s):  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Partial Budget ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Input Uncertainties ◽  
Relative Profitability

In autumn calving dairy herds, treatment of cattle not observed in estrus prior to the breeding season is common. Routinely, a single prostaglandin or a modified Ovsynch (MOFT) protocol are used—without evidence of their relative effectiveness. This study compares the effects on conception, associated timing, and profitability of administering cows with prostaglandin or MOFT treatment. A hundred and ninety-two Holstein-Friesian cows from three herds without an observed estrus within 28-days before mating start date were randomly treated with d-cloprostenol (PGOD) or an 8-day MOFT protocol. The association of treatment and calving-breeding start-date interval (CBSI) on the risk of conception were investigated. Partial budget, sensitivity analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess economic performance, identify critical input variables, and explore the effects of input uncertainties on model output. There was a significant association between MOFT treatment and conception during 21 and 84 days after mating start date, compared to PGOD. MOFT treatment was associated with a mean net benefit of £58.21 (sd £19.42) and £27.29 (sd £17.75) per cow for herds with a fixed or variable dry-off date, respectively. The relative profitability of an MOFT protocol is dependent on its effects on barren rate and herd dry-off strategy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and pattern of antimicrobial resistance in mastitis milk of cattle in Chitwan, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmita Shrestha ◽  
Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai ◽  
Himal Luitel ◽  
Surendra Karki ◽  
Hom Bahadur Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Milk Samples

Abstract Background The threat of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exists globally and has been listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. One of the sources of MRSA emergence is livestock and its products, often raised in poor husbandry conditions. There are limited studies in Nepal to understand the prevalence of MRSA in dairy animals and its antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chitwan, one of the major milk-producing districts of Nepal, from February 2018 to September 2019 to estimate the prevalence of MRSA in milk samples and its AMR profile. The collected milk samples (n = 460) were screened using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and positive samples were subjected to microbiological analysis to isolate and identify S. aureus. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to identify the presence of the mecA gene and screen for MRSA. Results In total, 41.5% (191/460) of milk samples were positive in the CMT test. Out of 191 CMT positive milk samples, the biochemical tests showed that the prevalence of S. aureus was 15.2% (29/191). Among the 29 S. aureus isolates, 6.9% (2/29) were identified as MRSA based on the detection of a mecA gene. This indicates that that 1.05% (2/191) of mastitis milk samples had MRSA. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that 75.9% (22/29) and 48.3% (14/29) S. aureus isolates were found to be sensitive to Cefazolin and Tetracycline respectively (48.3%), whereas 100% of the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin. In total 96.6% (28/29) of S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of S. aureus-mediated subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in Chitwan, Nepal, with a small proportion of it being MRSA carrying a mecA gene. This S. aureus, CoNS, and MRSA contaminated milk poses a public health risk due to the presence of a phenotype that is resistant to very commonly used antibiotics. It is suggested that dairy herds be screened for subclinical mastitis and treatments for the animals be based on antibiotic susceptibility tests to reduce the prevalence of AMR. Furthermore, future studies should focus on the Staphylococcus spp. to explore the antibiotic resistance genes in addition to the mecA gene to ensure public health.

scholarly journals Design of Free Stalls for Dairy Herds: A Review

Ruminants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Frank van Eerdenburg ◽  
Lars Ruud
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
High Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
To Come ◽  
Available Information

Lying is an important behavior of dairy cattle. Cows should spend more than 50% of a day lying as it has a high impact on their milk yield and animal welfare. The design, size, and flooring properties of the free stalls influence the time cows spend lying, the way they lie down, and their rising movements. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the currently available information with the aim to assist farmers and advisors to come to an optimal design of the free stalls. The design of the free stalls should enable the cows to move and lie in positions as natural as possible. Cows should rest, with all parts of the body, on a clean, dry and soft bed, be able to stretch their front legs forward, lie on their sides with unobstructed space for their neck and head, and rest with their heads against their flanks without hindrance from a partition. When they stand, they should not be hindered by neck rails, partitions, or supports. A comfortable place for cows to lie down helps cows to stay healthy, improve welfare, and increase milk yield. Hence, the probability of a longer productive life for the cows increases and the number of replacements per year decreases.

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