Growth Factors and their Receptors in the Genesis and Treatment of Thyroid Cancer

2005 ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereen Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors

scholarly journals INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS IN THE SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1925-1930
Author(s):  
Nataliia S. Pidchenko ◽  
Mykola V. Krasnoselskyi ◽  
Nataliia A. Mitriaieva ◽  
Lidiya V. Grebenik ◽  
Olha M. Astapieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factors

The aim is to study the level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) in the blood serum of patients with papillary thyroid cancer, depending on the main clinical and morphological features of the disease. Materials and methods: The material was the information about 60 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (group 1). In group 2 there were 10 patients without oncopathology. All patients underwent clinical examination after total thyroidectomy before special treatment (radioiodine therapy): ultrasound diagnosis of the neck, confirmed diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer by morphological examination of operative material. All patients underwent anthropometric studies (height, weight), on the basis of which the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The study program also included determination of the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone of the pituitary gland (TSH), thyroglobulin (TG), antibodies to thyroglobulin (AB-TG). It was also determined the serum glucose level. In order to assess insulin resistance, the HOMA-IR index was calculated. All patients were tested for serum IGF-1 and IGF-2. Results: In the blood serum of patients with papillary thyroid cancer in 63% of patients the level of IGF-1 and in 85% – IGF-2 was probably higher than in the control group. There is a relationship between the level of IGF-1, IGF-2 and elevated level of proliferating factor – insulin in the serum of patients with papillary thyroid cancer. This may indicate an aggressive potential of the disease (i.e. clinical data on the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer coincide with laboratory data). There was found a relationship between the expression of IGF-1, IGF-2 and insulin: at elevated levels of insulin> 24.9 μIU/ml, IGF-1 increases 4.2 times, and IGF-2 – 2.5 times. Evaluation of the relationship between the level of IGF-1 and IGF-2 and cervical lymph node involvement shows that in the absence of lesion (N0) there is an increase in these indicators by 2.2 and 1.8 times, respectively. Conclusions: The signaling system of insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2) plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of malignant tumors. It is especially true for papillary thyroid cancer, so its components can be considered as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers of the disease and targets for anticancer therapy.

scholarly journals Differentiated thyroid cancer: Growth factors, oncogenes and environmental influences

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Ivan Paunovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Sodium Iodide Symporter ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue

The present data of growth factors, oncogenes, tumor-suppressor-genes and environmental factors can be summarized in thus: thyrotropin, growth factors and other hormones do increase thyrocyte growth and specific mutations of growth factor receptors (thyrotropin receptor [TSH-R], alpha subunit of hetero-trimeric transducer protein [GSP]) cause autonomously functioning thyroid tissue and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. In the thyroid, as in other organs, genes that are found to be differentially expressed between normal thyroid tissue and thyroid carcinomas can be used as targets for molecular-based diagnosis and therapy. Deregulation of tumor suppressor gene p53, however, parallels dedifferentiation of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer but has been found in few cases only. Iodide inhibiting thyrocyte growth will have to be investigated more intensively after sodium-iodide-symporter (NIS) has been cloned, and studies may now be available that could lead to form of conservative treatment in especially dedifferentiated thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Expression of transcription and growth factors and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in papillary thyroid cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
Liudmila V. Spirina ◽  
Sventlana Yu. Chizhevskaya ◽  
Irina V. Kondakova
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Tor Signaling

Background: The molecular mechanism of thyroid cancer development is associated with changes in expression of transcription factors and growth factors accompanied by modified level of the AKT/m-TOR components. Aims. The aim of study was to determine NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VEGF, CAIX, VEGFR2 expression and mRNA level of the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in papillary thyroid cancer compared to those in benign lesions. Material and methods: Forty patients aged 33—66 years with T1-4N0-2M0 papillary thyroid cancer (7 males and 33 females) were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 52.0±2.6 years. The comparison group included patients with benign lesions of thyroid tissue (4 males and 18 females) aged 38—66 years (mean age, 53.0±4.4 years). Expression levels of NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VEGF, CAIX, VEGFR2, and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components were determined by RT-PCR using specific primers. Results: Increased expression of transcription factors NF-κB and HIF-2α was found in papillary thyroid cancer. The levels of AKT and PTEN mRNA were elevated in transformed tissues. c-Raf expression was reduced 2.1-fold in cancer compared to that in thyroid tissues with benign lesions. Multiple positive correlations were revealed between transcription and growth factors and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in cancer. An association between PTEN expression and the NF-κB mRNA level was revealed, being a sign of deregulation in the signaling cascade in cancer tissues. Conclusions: Overexpression of NF-κB, HIF-2α, AKT, PTEN and reduction of c-Raf expression is typical of thyroid papillary cancer.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE BRAF-V600E MUTATION WITH THE EXPRESSION OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL, GROWTH FACTORS, COMPONENTS OF THE AKT / M-TOR SIGNALING PATHWAY IN THE TISSUE OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-613
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Spirina ◽  
Svetlana Chizhevskaya ◽  
Irina Kondakova ◽  
Yevgeniy Choynzonov
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Braf V600e Mutation ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Tor Signaling ◽  
Relationship Of

One of the initiating mutations in the development of thyroid cancer is BRAF-V600E, which leads to the various signaling cascades activation and changes in the production of transcription and growth factors. It is known that papillary thyroid cancer is characterized by activation of the expression of transcription factors NF-kB and HIF-2a and AKT/m-TOR signaling cascade. However, the relationship of the studied molecular markers in patients with the wild and mutant BRAF gene has not yet been studied. The aim of the work was to study the expression of transcription factors NF-65B p65 and NF-kB p50, HIF-1a, HIF-2a, growth factors VEGF, CAIX and VEGFR2, components of the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway in patients with thyroid papillary cancer depending on the presence of mutations BRAF-V600E. Material and methods. It was included 40 patients with papillary thyroid cancer with the stage of the tumor process T1-4N0-2M0. The expression of the indicators was determined by real-time PCR. BRAF-V600E mutation was revealed by allele-specific PCR in real-time. Results and discussion. It was found that patients with the absence and presence of the BRAF-V600E mutation had similar clinical and morphological parameters of the disease, which was accompanied by a change in the molecular-biological characteristics of the tumor. The presence of the mutant form of the gene in the tumor led to a decrease in the AKT, cRAF, GSK-3P kinases mRNA levels and the overexpression of NF-kB p65, HIF-1 and VEGF. Conclusion. Patients with papillary thyroid cancer have no differences in the clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease, depending on the status of the BRAF-V600E gene, is characteristic. It was identified biological parameters associated with this somatic mutation. An increase in the mRNA level of growth and transcription factors was observed with a decrease in the activity of the AKT / m-TOR signaling pathway.

Serum Follistatin Is Increased in Thyroid Cancer and Is Associated With Adverse Tumor Characteristics in Humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigorios Panagiotou ◽  
Wael Ghaly ◽  
Jagriti Upadhyay ◽  
Kalliopi Pazaitou-Panayiotou ◽  
Christos S Mantzoros
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnm Staging ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Advanced Tumor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract Context Obesity and classical growth factors are associated with thyroid cancer (TC). However, less is known regarding novel hormones such as follistatins and activins. We hypothesized that serum follistatin but not activins would be increased in TC. Objective This work aimed to assess circulating levels of follistatins, activins, and growth factors in patients with a history of TC vs patients with nonmalignant thyroid diseases. Methods A hospital-based, unmatched case-control study was conducted with 170 thyroidectomized patients due to well-differentiated TC and 106 thyroidectomized patients without history of malignancy. Anthropometric, biochemical, and histological parameters were recorded. Serum samples were collected in the steady state 45 days after surgery. Multivariate models were used to adjust for baseline differences of the unmatched variables. Serum levels of follistatin (FST), follistatin like-3, activin A, activin B, bioactive insulin-like growth factor-1, and stanniocalcin-2 were assayed with novel, highly specific ELISA kits. Results In unmatched univariate models, TC patients had higher FST serum levels compared to cancer-free individuals, independently of histological subtype. In multivariate models adjusting for covariates, individuals in the highest tertile of FST levels were associated with an increased risk for the presence of any type of TC or specific histological subtypes, including papillary, follicular and Hürthle-cell carcinoma, and medullary TC. Higher postoperative FST concentrations were found in patients with vascular invasion and distant metastases and associated with TNM staging at diagnosis. Conclusion FST serum levels are increased in TC patients and correlate with advanced tumor aggressiveness. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm and extend our observations.

The role of growth factors in proliferation and invasion of thyroid cancer

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Hoelting ◽  
Q Duh ◽  
O Clark ◽  
C Herfarth
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Proliferation And Invasion
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