Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Western China

2007 ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Saijo
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Western China ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

scholarly journals Visceral leishmaniasis in northwest China from 2004 to 2018: a spatio-temporal analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Canjun Zheng ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Xiao-Nong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Western China ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background Although visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a disease caused by parasites, is controlled in most provinces in China, it is still a serious public health problem and remains fundamentally uncontrolled in some northwest provinces and autonomous regions. The objective of this study is to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of VL in Sichuan Province, Gansu Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China from 2004 to 2018 and to identify the risk areas for VL transmission. Methods Spatiotemporal models were applied to explore the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of VL and the association between VL and meteorological factors in western China from 2004 to 2018. Geographic information of patients from the National Diseases Reporting Information System operated by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was defined according to the address code from the surveillance data. Results During our study period, nearly 90% of cases occurred in some counties in three western regions (Sichuan Province, Gansu Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), and a significant spatial clustering pattern was observed. With our spatiotemporal model, the transmission risk, autoregressive risk and epidemic risk of these counties during our study period were also well predicted. The number of VL cases in three regions of western China concentrated on a few of counties. VL in Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is still serious prevalent, and integrated control measures must be taken in different endemic areas. Conclusions The number of VL cases in three regions of western China concentrated on a few of counties. VL in Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is still serious prevalent, and integrated control measures must be taken in different endemic areas. Our findings will strengthen the VL control programme in China.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Corneal Astigmatism in Patients before Cataract Surgery in Western China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wei Ma ◽  
Chengguo Zuo ◽  
Weirong Chen ◽  
Shaoyang Zheng ◽  
Jiangang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Partial Coherence ◽  
Western China ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To investigate the demographics and distribution of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery in patients from western China and to compare and analyze these findings with those of patients in southern China. Setting. People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Design. Clinical-based cross-sectional study. Methods. Patients undergoing cataract surgery in the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from February 2012 to August 2019 were recruited. Preoperative keratometric data measured by performing preoperative bilateral partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster), and patient demographics were recorded and analyzed. Results. This study comprised 12,236 eyes of 7065 patients with a mean age of 64.75 ± 9.66 years, and 52.77% of the patients were female. The mean axial length was 23.14 ± 0.96 mm. Astigmatism ranged from 0 diopters (D) to 6.94 D, with a mean of 1.28 D. Corneal astigmatism was between 0.25 D and 1.25 D in 53.71% of eyes, 1.25 D or higher in 39.06% eyes, and less than 0.25 D in 7.23% of eyes. Astigmatism was with the rule (WTR) in 41.94% of the patients and against the rule (ATR) in 38.80% of patients. The mean flat and steep keratometry measurement was 43.19 ± 1.50 D and 44.24 ± 1.62 D, respectively. After matching, corneal astigmatism in western China was 1.30 ± 1.03 D, and it was significantly higher than that in southern China (0.98 ± 0.67 D, P<0.001). After matching, the proportion of WTR astigmatism was 40.99% in western China, which was also significantly higher than the proportion (26.46%) in southern China (P<0.001). Conclusion. Corneal astigmatism in patients before cataract surgery in western China was mainly between 0.25 D and 1.25 D. Compared with patients in southern China, patients in western China are younger, have a much higher degree of astigmatism, and have a higher proportion of WTR astigmatism.

THE RUSSIAN-SPEAKING POPULATION AND THE SPHERES OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE USAGE IN THE XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION OF CHINA (THE MIDDLE OF THE XIXTH – EARLY XXITH CENTURIES)

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Sergey Gordeyev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Western China ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Educational Production ◽  
North Western ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the study of the Russian language in China, namely in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China from the middle of the XIXth to the beginning of the XXIth centuries. The author examines waves of emigration from Russia to north-western China due to socio-historical factors and the spheres of the Russian language usage in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during this period. The aim of this article is to study the functioning features of the Russian language in north-western China, namely in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, from the middle of the XIXth to the beginning of the XXIth centuries against the background of the history of the Russian-speaking population emergence in north-western China. The main sources of the study are published scientific materials on the history of the Russian colony in Xinjiang, as well as materials from the scientific expedition to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, carried out by the group of researchers of the Russian language in China with the author’s participation in July 2018. The materials were studied by means of field, linguistic and personological, descriptive, and narrative methods of scientific research. The author comes to the conclusion that the use of the main life activity spheres (everyday, religious, educational, production and cultural ones) by the Russian speaking population of Xinjiang have had a qualitative effect not only on the ethnicity preservation of the Russian-speaking population, but also on the preservation of the Russian language in this Chinese region. The results of this work will be useful for further research of the Russian language in northwestern China, since the specifics of the Russian language functioning in this foreign region still remains a «white spot» in Russian and foreign sociolinguistics and linguistic emigrant studies.

Spatio-temporal distribution analysis of TB in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Yanling Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Western China ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem, which also affects economic and social development. China has the third largest burden of tuberculosis in the world. TB control made the slowest progress in western China while the highest prevalence of it showed up in Xinjiang. The study was conducted to investigate the spatial epidemiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (referred to as Xinjiang) and compared the regional differences in the incidence of TB, for the 2013-2016，which can provide scientific reference for TB prevention and control. Methods: Based on the TB monitored data, descriptive statistics was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of TB patients. Spatial correlation analysis and spatio-temporal scanning techniques were used to explore the clustering of TB in Xinjiang. Results: A total of 178,674 TB cases were notified in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2016 with an average annual incidence of 195.32/100,000. The incidence of TB in Xinjiang showed an upward trend. Male and female patients accounted for 52.56％and 47.44％ respectively，with the sex ratio being 1.11:1. The number of cases continuously increased with the increasing age，and the elderly TB patients aged 60 years and above accounted for 46.77％．Most of the patients with TB were farmers and shepherds, accounting for 72.11％．The incidence of TB presented an upward trend from east to west and from north to south. Obvious spatial aggregation was observed in the incidence of TB in 98 countries and districts from 2013 to 2016 and the global Moran’s I was 0.5768 (P<0.001). The reported incidence rate of TB showed remarkable seasonality. The hot spots of TB were mostly concentrated in the southern Xinjiang with Kashgar as the center, while the cold spots were in northern Xinjiang with Urumqi as the center． Conclusion: The TB incidence displayed spatial and temporal aggregation at the levels of district and county in Xinjiang during 2013-2016, with high risk areas relatively concentrating in the southern Xinjiang．It is necessary to conduct targeted TB prevention and control in key areas and allocate health resources reasonably. Keywords: Tuberculosis; Spatial autocorrelation; Spatio-temporal scanning analysis

A review of two Trachycarabus species of the genus Carabus known from Xinjiang, China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
I.I. Kabak ◽  
H.-Y. Hu
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Altay Mountains ◽  
New Synonym

The paper deals with the taxonomy of two species of the subgenus Trachycarabus Géhin, 1876 of the genus Carabus Linnaeus, 1758, occurring in the Altay Mountains in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China: C. (T.) mandibularis Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 and C. (T.) sibiricus Fischer von Waldheim, 1820. A new subspecies, C. (T.) mandibularis abakkereiorum subsp. nov. is described from the Kran River Valley near Altay City. A new synonym is proposed: C. (T.) sibiricus obliteratus Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 = C. (T.) s. pseudobliteratus Korell et Kleinfeld, 1982, syn. nov. A key to the Trachycarabus species currently known from Xinjiang is given.

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