Rheological Properties of Interfacial Layers Formed by Iron and Aluminum Soaps, Used in Reversible Emulsions in Petroleum Industry

1981 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
S. Shalyt ◽  
L. Mukhin ◽  
L. Ogneva ◽  
G. Milchakova ◽  
V. Rybalchenko
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Interfacial Layers

Organofilization of Smectite Clay from Pedra Lavrada, PB, with Nonionic Surfactant

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 480-485
Author(s):  
Isabelle Albuquerque Silva ◽  
Alexsandra Cristina Chaves ◽  
Julliana Marques Rocha Figueirêdo ◽  
Carla Dantas Silva ◽  
Gelmires Araújo Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Smectite Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Mineral Production

The petroleum industry has been investing for many years in the use of smectite as dispersant agent in the composition of oil-based and water-based fluids for drilling oil wells. The State of Paraíba is one of the largest producers of such clays and new deposits have been recently discovered in the regions of Cubati and Pedra Lavrada, causing many expectations for the expansion of the national mineral production. The objective of the present work is the organofilization of smectite clay from Pedra Lavrada, PB, through the addition of nonionic surfactant. After organofilization, the clay was characterized through X-ray diffraction and Foster swelling, so that the most suitable surfactant could be chosen for diesel as organic dispersant media. The results show that the incorporation of the surfactant used with the clay caused a significant increase in the interlamellar distance, and that the dispersions presented rheological properties that meet Petrobras' specifications for the use of organoclays in non aqueous based drilling fluids. Keywords: Smectite, drilling fluids, organofilization.

scholarly journals Development of Oil and Gas Stimulation Fluids Based on Polymers and Recycled Produced Water

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4017
Author(s):  
Mustafa AlKhowaildi ◽  
Bassam Tawabini ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Kamal ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Murtada Saleh Aljawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Sustainable Solutions

Freshwater scarcity is a highly pressing and accelerating issue facing our planet. Therefore, there is a great incentive to develop sustainable solutions by reusing wastewater or produced water (PW), especially in places where it is generated abundantly. PW represents the water produced as a by-product during oil and gas extraction operations in the petroleum industry. It is the largest wastewater stream within the industry, with hundreds of millions of produced water barrels per day worldwide. This research investigates a reuse opportunity for PW to replace freshwater utilization in well stimulation applications. Introducing an environmentally friendly chelating agent (GLDA) allowed formulating a PW-based fluid system that has similar rheological properties in fresh water. This work aims at evaluating the rheological properties of the developed stimulation fluid. The thickening profile of the fluid was controlled by chelation chemistry and varying different design parameters. The experiments were carried out using a high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) viscometer. Variables such as polymer concentration and pH have a great impact on the viscosity, while temperature and concentration of the chelating agents are shown to control the thickening profile, as well as its stability and breakage behaviors. Furthermore, 50 pptg of carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar (CMHPG) polymer in 20 wt.% chelating solution was shown to sustain 172 cP viscosity for nearly 2.5 h at 150 °F and 100 S−1 shear rate. The newly developed fluid system, solely based on polymer, chelating agent, and PW, showed great rheological capabilities to replace the conventional stimulation fluids based on fresh water. The newly developed fluid can also have economic value realization due to fewer additives, compared with conventional fluids.

Rheological Properties of the Interfacial Layers of Hydrophobized Gelatins

2003 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Izmailova ◽  
A. Kamyshny ◽  
S. M. Levachev ◽  
S. Magdassi ◽  
A. E. Kharlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Interfacial Layers

High resolution electron microscopy of lanthanum phosphate crystals

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
J. C. Wheatley ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lanthanum Phosphate ◽  
Good Catalyst ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Rare-earth phosphates are of particular interest because of their catalytic properties associated with the hydrolysis of many aromatic chlorides in the petroleum industry. Lanthanum phosphates (LaPO4) which have been doped with small amounts of copper have shown increased catalytic activity (1). However the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples leading to good catalytic activity are not known.Many catalysts are amorphous and thus do not easily lend themselves to methods of investigation which would include electron microscopy. However, the LaPO4, crystals are quite suitable samples for high resolution techniques.The samples used were obtained from William L. Kehl of Gulf Research and Development Company. The electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL JEM-100B which had been modified for high resolution microscopy (2). Standard high resolution techniques were employed. Three different sample types were observed: 669A-1-5-7 (poor catalyst), H-L-2 (good catalyst) and 27-011 (good catalyst).

The morphologies and electrical properties of indium contacts on (100) cadmium telluride surfaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1422-1423
Author(s):  
A.M. Letsoalo ◽  
M.E. Lee ◽  
E.O. de Neijs
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Cadmium Telluride ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Metal Contacts ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Interfacial Layers ◽  
Semiconductor Contacts ◽  
Grown Single Crystal ◽  
Diamond Abrasive

Semiconductor devices require metal contacts for efficient collection of electrical charge. The physics of these metal/semiconductor contacts assumes perfect, abrupt and continuous interfaces between the layers. However, in practice these layers are neither continuous nor abrupt due to poor nucleation conditions and the formation of interfacial layers. The effects of layer thickness, deposition rate and substrate stoichiometry have been previously reported. In this work we will compare the effects of a single deposition technique and multiple depositions on the morphology of indium layers grown on (100) CdTe substrates. The electrical characteristics and specific resistivities of the indium contacts were measured, and their relationships with indium layer morphologies were established.Semi-insulating (100) CdTe samples were cut from Bridgman grown single crystal ingots. The surface of the as-cut slices were mechanically polished using 5μm, 3μm, 1μm and 0,25μm diamond abrasive respectively. This was followed by two minutes immersion in a 5% bromine-methanol solution.

Using the alveograph in developing requirements for the quality of flour for wafer sheet production

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
E.P. Meleshkina ◽  
◽  
S.N. Kolomiets ◽  
A.S. Cheskidova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
The Future ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objectively and reliably determined indicators of rheological properties of the dough were identified using the alveograph device to create a system of classifications of wheat and flour from it for the intended purpose in the future. The analysis of the relationship of standardized quality indicators, as well as newly developed indicators for identifying them, differentiating the quality of wheat flour for the intended purpose, i.e. for finished products. To do this, we use mathematical statistics methods.

China's Petroleum Industry

1946 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Helen Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Industry
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document