Utilization of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in the Non-destructive Assessment of FRP Laminate-Concrete Bond Strength

2018 ◽  
pp. 244-267
Author(s):  
Mina Riad ◽  
Nur Yazdani ◽  
Yazan Almomani ◽  
Enrique Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforcing Rebar Radius by Digital Image GPR Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 847-851
Author(s):  
Che Way Chang ◽  
Chen Hua Lin ◽  
Shyi Lin Lee ◽  
Ping Huang Chen ◽  
Ching Cheng Jen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Non Destructive Evaluation ◽  
Energy Zone ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a high efficiency technology to detect the cylindrical medium in the concretes material. The electromagnetic wave is incidental to double-rebar, and measures the reflection signal behaviors from energy zone. The results from the reflection signal of electromagnetic wave of the reinforcement concretes allow evaluating the radius of double-bar (1.6cm, 1cm). A physical model can effectively measure the radius of double-bar by the result of electromagnetic wave reflex behavior analysis. The results indicate that, this techology is capable of estimating the reinforcing double-bar radius to within 6%.

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Advanced Techniques for Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3696
Author(s):  
Yuri Álvarez López ◽  
María García-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar Imaging ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Subsurface Sensing ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has become one of the key technologies in subsurface sensing and, in general, in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT), since it is able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets [...]

scholarly journals ROAD PAVEMENT DENSITY ANALYSIS USING A NEW NON-DESTRUCTIVE GROUND PENETRATING RADAR SYSTEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 399-417
Author(s):  
Mardeni Bin Roslee ◽  
Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah ◽  
Helmi Zulhaidi bin Mohd Shafr
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Advanced GPR Signal Processing Techniques for Root Detection in Urban Environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Lantini ◽  
Fabio Tosti ◽  
Iraklis Giannakis ◽  
Kevin Jagadissen Munisami ◽  
Dale Mortimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Root Detection ◽  
Charitable Trust ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>Street trees are widely recognised to be an essential asset for the urban environment, as they bring several environmental, social and economic benefits [1]. However, the conflicting coexistence of tree root systems with the built environment, and especially with road infrastructures, is often cause of extensive damage, such as the uplifting and cracking of sidewalks and curbs, which could seriously compromise the safety of pedestrians, cyclists and drivers.</p><p>In this context, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has long been proven to be an effective non-destructive testing (NDT) method for the evaluation and monitoring of road pavements. The effectiveness of this tool lies not only in its ease of use and cost-effectiveness, but also in the proven reliability of the results provided. Besides, recent studies have explored the capability of GPR in detecting and mapping tree roots [2]. Algorithms for the reconstruction of the tree root systems have been developed, and the spatial variations of root mass density have been also investigated [3].</p><p>The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate the GPR potential in mapping the architecture of root systems in street trees. In particular, this research aims to improve upon the existing methods for detection of roots, focusing on the identification of the road pavement layers. In this way, different advanced signal processing techniques can be applied at specific sections, in order to remove reflections from the pavement layers without affecting root detection. This allows, therefore, to reduce false alarms when investigating trees with root systems developing underneath road pavements.</p><p>In this regard, data from trees of different species have been acquired and processed, using different antenna systems and survey methodologies, in an effort to investigate the impact of these parameters on the GPR overall performance.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>The authors would like to express their sincere thanks and gratitude to the following trusts, charities, organisations and individuals for their generosity in supporting this project: Lord Faringdon Charitable Trust, The Schroder Foundation, Cazenove Charitable Trust, Ernest Cook Trust, Sir Henry Keswick, Ian Bond, P. F. Charitable Trust, Prospect Investment Management Limited, The Adrian Swire Charitable Trust, The John Swire 1989 Charitable Trust, The Sackler Trust, The Tanlaw Foundation, and The Wyfold Charitable Trust. This paper is dedicated to the memory of our colleague and friend Jonathan West, one of the original supporters of this research project.</p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>[1] J. Mullaney, T. Lucke, S. J. Trueman, 2015. “A review of benefits and challenges in growing street trees in paved urban environments,” Landscape and Urban Planning, 134, 157-166.</p><p>[2] A. M. Alani, L. Lantini, 2019. “Recent advances in tree root mapping and assessment using non-destructive testing methods: a focus on ground penetrating radar,” Surveys in Geophysics, 1-42.</p><p>[3] L. Lantini, F. Tosti, Giannakis, I., Egyir, D., A. Benedetto, A. M. Alani, 2019. “A Novel Processing Framework for Tree Root Mapping and Density Estimation using Ground Penetrating Radar,” In 10th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar, EAGE.</p>

scholarly journals Lab Non Destructive Test to Analyze the Effect of Corrosion on Ground Penetrating Radar Scans

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sossa ◽  
Pérez-Gracia ◽  
González-Drigo ◽  
Rasol
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Metallic Surface ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Reflected Wave ◽  
Dense Grid ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Corrosion is a significant damage in many reinforced concrete structures, mainly in coastal areas. The oxidation of embedded iron or steel elements degrades rebar, producing a porous layer not adhered to the metallic surface. This process could completely destroy rebar. In addition, the concrete around the metallic targets is also damaged, and a dense grid of fissures appears around the oxidized elements. The evaluation of corrosion is difficult in early stages, because damage is usually hidden. Non-destructive testing measurements, based on non-destructive testing (NDT) electric and magnetic surveys, could detect damage as consequence of corrosion. The work presented in this paper is based in several laboratory tests, which are centered in defining the effect of different corrosion stage on ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals. The analysis focuses on the evaluation of the reflected wave amplitude and its behavior. The results indicated that an accurate analysis of amplitude decay and intensity could most likely reveal an approach to the state of degradation of the embedded metallic targets because GPR images exhibit characteristics that depend on the effects of the oxidized rebar and the damaged concrete. These characteristics could be detected and measured in some cases. One important feature is referred to as the reflected wave amplitude. In the case of corroded targets, this amplitude is lower than in the case of reflection on non-oxidized surfaces. Additionally, in some cases, a blurred image appears related to high corrosion. The results of the tests highlight the higher amplitude decay of the cases of specimens with corroded elements.

scholarly journals Non-destructive evaluation of moisture content in wood by using Ground Penetrating Radar

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Reci ◽  
Tien Chinh Maï ◽  
Zoubir Mehdi Sbartaï ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Emanuela Kiri
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Direct Wave ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
Reflection Configuration ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a series of laboratory measurements carried out to study how the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) signal is affected by moisture variation in wood material. The effects of the wood fiber direction, with respect to the polarisation of the electromagnetic field, are investigated. The relative permittivity of wood and the amplitude of the electric field received by the radar are measured for different humidity levels, by using the direct-wave method in Wide Angle Radar Reflection configuration, where one GPR antenna is moved while the other is kept in a fixed position. The received signal is recorded for different separations between transmitting and receiving antennas. Direct waves are compared to reflected waves: it is observed that they show a different behaviour when the moisture content varies, due to their different propagation paths.

Drone based visual inspections, Infrared Thermography investigations and GPR surveys of the Roman masonry bridge Ponte Lucano, Tivoli, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ludeno ◽  
Chiara Biscarini ◽  
Ilaria Catapano ◽  
Nicola Cavalagli ◽  
Francesco Ascanio Pepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
Chromatic Properties ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Bridge Building ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>The objective of this study is to evaluate the cooperative use of non-destructive contactless diagnostic technologies as a tool to enhance the amount of information useful to assess historical assets’ structural and material degradation. The case study regards the Ponte Lucano structure in Tivoli (Italy) a Roman bridge located along the Aniene River, the largest tributary of the Tiber. It can be considered as an emblematic iconic structure in synthetizing the needs of structural consolidation and monument conservation. The bridge is, indeed, affected by hydraulic risk due to the floods of Aniene river.</p><p>Unmanned aerial (UAV) 3D photogrammetric surveys were carried out to perform visual inspections accounting for those bridge portions that are difficult to be reached directly. Hence, infrared thermography (IRT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were considered as complementary technologies useful to obtain information about surface and subsurface structural features [1], [2]. The IRT analysis w characterized the thermal profile of the bridge and detected its most humid parts. The GPR investigations were performed to improve knowledge of the bridge subsurface structure.</p><p>The results of the analysis demonstrate that, the integration of mentioned diagnostic tools, provide information about the degradation state of the stones and its causes, as well as regarding the evolution of the structure from its construction up to the present configurations. In particular, UAV 3D photogrammetry allowed a very detailed digital map of the bridge, covering almost every part of the structure and revealing precious informations, among which chromatic properties and size characteristics of the bridge areas which are not directly accessible by a human operator. IRT results corroborated the hypothesis that the present degradation condition of the Ponte Lucano is mainly a result of the water retention within its materials. GPR images, provided information about the internal stratification of the materials of the bridge and allowed the localization of two buried arch structures, allegedly located in the northern bank and at the Plautii Mausoleum, whose presence confirms the historical-bibliographical hypothesis about the bridge building processes.</p><p>[1] Meola, C. Infrared thermography of masonry structures. Infrared Physics and Technology 2007; 49(3 SPEC. ISS.), 228-233.</p><p>[2] Daniels D.J. Ground Penetrating Radar. In IEE Radar, Sonar and Navigation Series 15; IEE: London, UK, 2004.</p>

scholarly journals Application of Gpr During Investigation Concerning Causes of Pavement Failure and Road Subgrade Quality in Granitoid Massif Near Simtany / Využití Gpr Pro Průzkum Příčin Porušení Vozovky A Podloží Silnice V Prostředí Granitoidního Masivu U Simtan

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Luděk Kovář ◽  
Pavel Pospíšil
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Granitoid Massif ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The survey of damaged engineering buildings is in many cases very demanding in terms of the selection of a right exploration method in relation to the results obtained for subsequent engineering works, time for survey implementation, and violations arising from survey activities. Heterogeneity of materials of a natural and anthropogenic origin is a fundamental axiom which can subsequently lead to either a distortion or a failure threatening statically the existence of a building structure. On the test object of a pavement, after some time of its use, severe deformations became evident whose causes and future evolution were not known. Within the design of survey techniques being able to quickly and efficiently uncover the causes of failures, the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) investigation was included which as an indirect, non-destructive survey method very quickly helped to clarify he causes of failures of the building structure.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on Calculated Dielectric Properties of Asphalt Concrete Pavements from Ground-Penetrating Radar Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Qingqing Cao ◽  
Imad L. Al-Qadi
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Moisture presence in asphalt concrete (AC) pavement is a major cause of damage to the pavement. In recent decades, an increasing need exists for non-destructive detection and monitoring of the moisture content in AC pavement. This paper provides a simulated approach to quantify the effect of internal moisture content on AC pavement dielectric properties using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). A heterogeneous numerical model was developed to simulate AC pavement with internal moisture at various saturation levels. The numerical model was validated using GPR surveys on cold-in-place recycling treated pavements. An empirical formula was derived from the simulation to correlate the dielectric constant with the moisture content for non-dry AC pavement. The results validated the proposed model and, hence, demonstrated the ability of GPR to monitor moisture variation in AC pavements.

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