Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Big Five Personality Trait Model in Predicting Entrepreneurial Intention: A Comparison Study of the Two Models

Research since the 1990s reveals that openness to experience—a personality trait that captures interest in novelty, creativity, unconventionalism, and open-mindedness—correlates negatively with political conservatism. This chapter summarizes this vast literature by meta-analyzing 232 unique samples (N = 575,691) that examine the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and conservatism. The results reveal that the negative relationship between openness to experience and conservatism (r = −.145) is nearly twice as big as the next strongest correlation between personality and ideology (namely, conscientiousness and conservatism; r = .076). The associations between personality traits and conservatism were, however, substantively larger in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries than in non-WEIRD countries. The chapter concludes by reviewing recent longitudinal work demonstrating that openness to experience and conservatism are non-causally related. Collectively, the chapter shows that openness to experience is by far the strongest (negative) correlate of conservatism but that there is little evidence that this association is causal.

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Age-Related Differences in Actual-Ideal Personality Trait Level Discrepancies

10.31234/osf.io/642kf ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marie Hennecke ◽

Paul Schumann ◽

jule specht

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Big Five ◽

Personality Trait ◽

Age Effects ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Age Related ◽

Trait Level ◽

Patterns Of Behavior ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

The Impact

People differ from each other in their typical patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion and these patterns are considered to constitute their personalities (Funder, 2001). For various reasons, for example because certain trait levels may help to attain certain goals or fulfill certain social roles, people may experience that their actual trait levels are different from their ideal trait levels. In this study, we investigated (1) the impact of age on discrepancies between actual and ideal Big Five personality trait levels and (2) the impact of these discrepancies on personality trait changes across a period of two years. We use data of a large, nationally representative, and age-diverse sample (N = 4,057, 17-94 years, M = 53 years). Results largely confirmed previously reported age effects on actual personality trait levels but were sometimes more complex. Ideal trait levels exceeded actual trait levels more strongly for younger compared to older adults. Unexpectedly, neither ideal trait levels nor their interaction with beliefs about the extent to which personality is malleable vs. fixed predicted trait change over two years (controlling for actual trait levels). We conclude that ideal-actual trait level discrepancies may provide an impetus for change but that they appear to neither alone nor in combination with the belief that personality trait change is possible suffice to produce such change. We discuss commitment, self-efficacy, and strategy knowledge as potential additional predictors of trait change.

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Big Five Personality Stability, Change, and Codevelopment across Adolescence and Early Adulthood

10.31234/osf.io/8pnvk ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jeroen Borghuis ◽

Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽

Daniel Leonard Oberski ◽

Klaas Sijtsma ◽

Wim H. J. Meeus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Personality Trait ◽

Rank Order ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Emotional Stability ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Level Change ◽

Stability Change ◽

Time Lagged

Using data from two large and overlapping cohorts of Dutch adolescents, containing up to seven waves of longitudinal data each (N = 2,230), the present study examined Big Five personality trait stability, change, and codevelopment in friendship and sibling dyads from age 12 to 22. Four findings stand out. First, the one-year rank-order stability of personality traits was already substantial at age 12, increased strongly from early through middle adolescence, and remained rather stable during late adolescence and early adulthood. Second, we found linear mean-level increases in girls’ conscientiousness, in both genders’ agreeableness, and in boys’ openness. We also found temporal dips (i.e., U-shaped mean-level change) in boys’ conscientiousness and in girls’ emotional stability and extraversion. We did not find a mean-level change in boys’ emotional stability and extraversion, and we found an increase followed by a decrease in girls’ openness. Third, adolescents showed substantial individual differences in the degree and direction of personality trait changes, especially with respect to conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability. Fourth, we found no evidence for personality trait convergence, for correlated change, or for time-lagged partner effects in dyadic friendship and sibling relationships. This lack of evidence for dyadic codevelopment suggests that adolescent friends and siblings tend to change independently from each other and that their shared experiences do not have uniform influences on their personality traits.

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The Integrated Role of Personal Values and Theory of Planned Behavior to Form a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13169249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 9249

Author(s):

Nosheena Yasir ◽

Nasir Mahmood ◽

Hafiz Shakir Mehmood ◽

Osama Rashid ◽

An Liren

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

University Students ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Equation Model ◽

Point Of View ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

The Impact ◽

Perceived Behavior

Intentions have been described as a key driver of sustainable entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and eventually activity. As a result of this study, interest may increase in entrepreneurship intentions across numerous entrepreneurial levels and styles, specifically from the point of view of sustainability. However, research to date has not been able to completely determine how the intrinsic complications of instantaneously producing social, environmental, and economic means will have an impact on the intentions of university students. This study sought to inspect the impact of self-transcending and self-enhancing value on the advent of intentions. The theory of planned behavior is an adaptive theory that this study quantitatively analyzed using a structural equation model and survey data from 577 university students in Punjab, Pakistan. The empirical findings show that altruistic, biospheric, hedonic, and egoistic values all have an indirect effect on sustainability-driven entrepreneurial intentions, which is important to understand when assessing attitudes toward sustainable entrepreneurship and perceived behavior control. In essence, attitudes, perceived behavior, and social norms all affect aspirations to become a sustainable entrepreneur. In real-world terms, the findings indicate that by using value activation techniques to increase attitudes and educational interest, practitioners may promote sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. It is also suggested how government services could be improved as part of the strategy.

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A Measure of Entrepreneurial Behavior of University Students: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach

Dinamika Pendidikan ◽

10.15294/dp.v13i2.18327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 143-156

Author(s):

Khasan Setiaji

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

University Students ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

State University ◽

Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽

Student Entrepreneurship ◽

Contextual Environment

Higher education institutions should be able to change the mindset of students who are not only as job seekers, but also job creators especially when educated unemployment in Indonesia increases every year. Entrepreneurship is one solution in tackling unemployment and poverty which will encourage national economic growth. This study examines the effect of self-efficacy and contextual environment on entrepreneurial behavior with entrepreneurial intention as an intervening variable using Theory of Planned Behavior. The subjects of this study were Semarang State University students who owned a business and joined the UNNES Student Entrepreneurship Center (UNSEC) and Himpunan Pengusaha Muda Indonesia Perguruan Tinggi (HIPMI PT) Semarang State University totaling 310 students. The results showed a direct relationship between self-efficacy and contextual environment towards entrepreneurial behavior and indirect relationships through entrepreneurial intentions. It was proved by the moderating role of entrepreneurial intention in facilitating the relationship of self-efficacy and contextual environment to student entrepreneurial behavior in accordance with the Theory of Planned Behavior. Future studies can use elements of social and demographic psychology that are more complete and involve a wider population.

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An Investigation of Entrepreneurial Intention Among University Students Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Parents' Occupation

Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage - Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation in Family Businesses and SMEs ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-3648-3.ch009 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 149-166

Author(s):

Panagiotis A. Tsaknis ◽

Alexandros G. Sahinidis

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

University Students ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Policy Makers

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the entrepreneurial intention of university students using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and parents' occupation. A questionnaire based survey was employed for the data collection. A total of 1244 students participated in the survey. The sample was a convenience one given that the resources available were limited. The size of the sample allows us to proceed with reliable statistical analyses and produce valid conclusions. The findings of our research showed that perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, attitude and parents' occupation are important variables influencing entrepreneurial intention. The variable that affects entrepreneurial intention the most is attitude. The findings led support to the theory and the hypotheses proposed. These findings indicate that the recommended model can be used to explain a large part of variation in entrepreneurial intention. This study, contributes to the entrepreneurial intention literature providing empirical evidence to help formulate policies encouraging university students' entrepreneurship practices, attracting the interest of both educators and policy makers. This evidence will become increasingly important, as research in the field of entrepreneurship continues to place models of entrepreneurial intentions at the center of our understanding of the entrepreneurial process. Future studies could investigate the validity of the findings reported here, in different contexts using more variables, not included in this study and inquire the potential existence of latent variables which may be confounding the relationships discussed in this paper.

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Which psychological characteristics strengthen “The entrepreneurial intention-action relationship”?: An extension of the theory of planned behavior

Cogent Business & Management ◽

10.1080/23311975.2020.1823579 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1823579

Author(s):

Denny Bernardus ◽

Fulgentius Danardana Murwani ◽

Elia Ardyan ◽

Liestya Padmawidjaja ◽

Imanuel Deny Krisna Aji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Psychological Characteristics

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Entrepreneurship Education's Impact on Entrepreneurial Intention Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: Evidence From Chinese Vocational College Students

Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy ◽

10.1177/2515127419860307 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 30-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Brian A. Lavelle

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Vocational College ◽

Personal Attitude ◽

The Impact

This study is the first to examine the impact of entrepreneurship education (EE) on entrepreneurial intention (EI) among vocational college students in China. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and the EI Questionnaire the study investigates the relationships between EI, its antecedents and EE. The data were collected by surveying 383 vocational college students in Wuxi, Jiangsu, in the People's Republic of China. The researcher used Least-Squares Regression modeling to find significant positive relationships between personal attitude, perceived behavioral control, and EE with EI. Mediation analysis found personal attitude to partially mediate the EE–EI relationship. The results suggest EE is effective in stimulating EI in China. This study provides implications to policy-makers, vocational institutions, and scholars given the current state of China's economy, recent government policies, and the ongoing debate surrounding the EE–EI relationship.

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