Rock-Inhabiting Fungi in Antarctica: New Frontiers of the Edge of Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vívian Nicolau Gonçalves ◽  
Isabel Martins Sabino Alves ◽  
Fábio Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer ◽  
Caio Vinícius Gabrig Turbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

scholarly journals Sequence data from isolated lichen-associated melanized fungi enhance delimitation of two new lineages within Chaetothyriomycetidae

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-927
Author(s):  
Lucia Muggia ◽  
Yu Quan ◽  
Cécile Gueidan ◽  
Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi ◽  
Martin Grube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi ◽  
Stable Habitat

AbstractLichen thalli provide a long-lived and stable habitat for colonization by a wide range of microorganisms. Increased interest in these lichen-associated microbial communities has revealed an impressive diversity of fungi, including several novel lineages which still await formal taxonomic recognition. Among these, members of the Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes usually occur asymptomatically in the lichen thalli, even if they share ancestry with fungi that may be parasitic on their host. Mycelia of the isolates are characterized by melanized cell walls and the fungi display exclusively asexual propagation. Their taxonomic placement requires, therefore, the use of DNA sequence data. Here, we consider recently published sequence data from lichen-associated fungi and characterize and formally describe two new, individually monophyletic lineages at family, genus, and species levels. The Pleostigmataceae fam. nov. and Melanina gen. nov. both comprise rock-inhabiting fungi that associate with epilithic, crust-forming lichens in subalpine habitats. The phylogenetic placement and the monophyly of Pleostigmataceae lack statistical support, but the family was resolved as sister to the order Verrucariales. This family comprises the species Pleostigma alpinum sp. nov., P. frigidum sp. nov., P. jungermannicola, and P. lichenophilum sp. nov. The placement of the genus Melanina is supported as a lineage within the Chaetothyriales. To date, this genus comprises the single species M. gunde-cimermaniae sp. nov. and forms a sister group to a large lineage including Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriaceae, Cyphellophoraceae, and Trichomeriaceae. The new phylogenetic analysis of the subclass Chaetothyiomycetidae provides new insight into genus and family level delimitation and classification of this ecologically diverse group of fungi.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of the Antarctic Endolithic Fungi Rachicladosporium antarcticum CCFEE 5527 and Rachicladosporium sp. CCFEE 5018

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Coleine ◽  
Sawyer Masonjones ◽  
Laura Selbmann ◽  
Laura Zucconi ◽  
Silvano Onofri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Mcmurdo Dry Valleys ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

ABSTRACT The draft genome sequences of Rachicladosporium antarcticum CCFEE 5527 and Rachicladosporium sp. CCFEE 5018 are the first sequenced genomes from this genus, which comprises rock-inhabiting fungi. These endolithic strains were isolated from inside rocks collected from the Antarctic Peninsula and Battleship Promontory (McMurdo Dry Valleys), Antarctica, respectively.

Monodictys levis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Bogomolova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Stone Monuments ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
Fence Post ◽  
Calcareous Rock ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

Abstract A description is provided for Monodictys levis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: A typical soil species also occurring on rocks. With other rock-inhabiting fungi it can deteriorate stone monuments and art objects. HOSTS: Isolated from air, dead wood, herbaceous stems, damp sacking, feathers, plaster, soil (including contaminated soil from spoil heaps), from calcareous rock (marble and limestone), and as a laboratory contaminant. Associated organisms include: Avena sp., Beta vulgaris, Betula sp. (fence post), Cervidae (dung), Eucalyptus tereticornis (leaf), Eucalyptus sp. (seed), Fagus sylvatica (cupule, leaf), Fragaria sp. (root), Humulus lupulus (dry flower), Phaseolus vulgaris, Picea abies, Ricinus communis, Rodentia (dung), Salix sp. and Solanum tuberosum. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Canada (British Columbia). ASIA: India (Kerala), Russia (Russian Far East). AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Belgium, Great Britain, Greece, Russia, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne dissemination of propagules, or through the soil.

Two new rock-inhabiting species of Cyphellophora from karst habitats in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 397 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
WEI SUN ◽  
BINGJIE LIU ◽  
RONG FU ◽  
XINGZHONG LIU ◽  
MEICHUN XIANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi ◽  
Karst Habitats

During survey on rock-inhabiting fungi from karst habitats in Guizhou, China, two new species in Cyphellophora were discovered and identified. Phylogenetic analysis based on combined sequences of the nuclear large subunit (nucLSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA revealed that the tested isolates, clustered into two clades that well affiliated in the genus of Cyphellophora. Morphological characteristics were also supported the estabolishment of the new species. Herewith Cyphellophora botryose sp. nov. and Cyphellophora guizhouensis sp. nov. were described and their differences from closely related species were discussed.

scholarly journals Genome-scale data resolve ancestral rock-inhabiting lifestyle in Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota)

IMA Fungus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio G. Ametrano ◽  
Felix Grewe ◽  
Pedro W. Crous ◽  
Stephen B. Goodwin ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Character State ◽  
Ancestral Character State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tree Inference ◽  
Ancestral Character State Reconstruction ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Genome Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi ◽  
Scale Data

Abstract Dothideomycetes is the most diverse fungal class in Ascomycota and includes species with a wide range of lifestyles. Previous multilocus studies have investigated the taxonomic and evolutionary relationships of these taxa but often failed to resolve early diverging nodes and frequently generated inconsistent placements of some clades. Here, we use a phylogenomic approach to resolve relationships in Dothideomycetes, focusing on two genera of melanized, extremotolerant rock-inhabiting fungi, Lichenothelia and Saxomyces, that have been suggested to be early diverging lineages. We assembled phylogenomic datasets from newly sequenced (4) and previously available genomes (238) of 242 taxa. We explored the influence of tree inference methods, supermatrix vs. coalescent-based species tree, and the impact of varying amounts of genomic data. Overall, our phylogenetic reconstructions provide consistent and well-supported topologies for Dothideomycetes, recovering Lichenothelia and Saxomyces among the earliest diverging lineages in the class. In addition, many of the major lineages within Dothideomycetes are recovered as monophyletic, and the phylogenomic approach implemented strongly supports their relationships. Ancestral character state reconstruction suggest that the rock-inhabiting lifestyle is ancestral within the class.

scholarly journals Alteration of protein patterns in black rock inhabiting fungi as a response to different temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Tesei ◽  
Gorji Marzban ◽  
Kristina Zakharova ◽  
Daniela Isola ◽  
Laura Selbmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

RupestriomycesandSpissiomyces, two new genera of rock-inhabiting fungi from China

Mycologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Su ◽  
Liyun Guo ◽  
Yang Hao ◽  
Meichun Xiang ◽  
Lei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genera ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

scholarly journals Unveiling the Hidden Diversity of Rock-Inhabiting Fungi: Chaetothyriales from China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Lei Su ◽  
Shun Yang ◽  
Jingzu Sun ◽  
Bingjie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

Rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF) are nonlichenized fungi that naturally colonize rock surfaces and subsurfaces. The extremely slow growth rate and lack of distinguishing morphological characteristics of RIF resulted in a poor understanding on their biodiversity. In this study, we surveyed RIF colonizing historical stone monuments and natural rock formations from throughout China. Among over 1000 isolates, after preliminary delimitation using the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences, representative isolates belonging to Trichomeriaceae and Herpotrichiellaceae were selected for a combined analysis of ITS and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nucLSU) to determine the generic placements. Eight clades representing seven known genera and one new genus herein named as Anthracina were placed in Trichomeriaceae. While, for Herpotrichiellaceae, two clades corresponded to two genera: Cladophialophora and Exophiala. Fine-scale phylogenetic analyses using combined sequences of the partial actin gene (ACT), ITS, mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal DNA (mtSSU), nucLSU, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (SSU), translation elongation factor (TEF), and β-tubulin gene (TUB) revealed that these strains represented 11 and 6 new species, respectively, in Trichomeriaceae and Herpotrichiellaceae. The 17 new species were described, illustrated for their morphologies and compared with similar taxa. Our study demonstrated that the diversity of RIF is surprisingly high and still poorly understood. In addition, a rapid strategy for classifying RIF was proposed to determine the generic and familial placements through preliminary ITS and nucLSU analyses, followed by combined analyses of five loci selected from ACT, ITS, mtSSU, nucLSU, RPB1, and/or the second subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2), SSU, TEF, and TUB regions to classify RIF to the species level.

Bicoloromyces kyffinensis: a new genus and species of lichen-inhabiting conidial fungi from 83°46'S

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Heuchert ◽  
Leopoldo G. Sancho ◽  
Uwe Braun ◽  
David L. Hawksworth
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Conidial Fungi ◽  
Crustose Lichen ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

AbstractThe new genus and species Bicoloromyces kyffinensis is described as new to science from a sterile crustose lichen, perhaps Lecanora fuscobrunnea or Lecidella sp. from Ebony Ridge of Mount Kyffin, Antarctica. The fungus recalls superficially the lichenicolous species referred to Taeniolella, but differs in having semi-macronematous conidiophores, tissues encrusted with calcium oxalate, aeruginose to blue-black colouration under the microscope, and conidia which are distoseptate and formed in basipetal chains. Energy dispersive spectroscopy established that the encrustations were of calcium oxalate. Differences from genera of rock-inhabiting fungi described from the Antarctic are discussed. This appears to be the furthest south any lichen-inhabiting fungus has been reported.

Research status and prospects of rock-inhabiting fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068-1076
Author(s):  
Shun Yang ◽  
◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Xingzhong Liu ◽  
Meichun Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Research Status ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi
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