scholarly journals Pluralism and Perspectivism in the American Pragmatist Tradition

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
American Pragmatist

scholarly journals Cognition, recognition, and the “game of interchange of arguments”

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Igor Davidovich Dzhokhadze
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Philosophical Concept ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Subject Of Cognition ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Modern Analytical ◽  
Normative Status

This article examines the key provisions of philosophical concept of the American pragmatist, representative of Pittsburgh School Robert Brandom, described in the commentaries to Hegel’s “Phenomenology of Spirit” (published in separate volume in 2019). It is demonstrated that rational reconstruction of Hegel's philosophy's conducted by Brandom was intended to revive the legacy of the classic, taking into account peculiarities and trends of development of the modern analytical philosophy. The specificity of Hegelian approach towards the analysis of experience of human consciousness, Brandom traces in “hypostasization of the conceptual” and gradual separation from all kinds of idealistic antirealist doctrines that contrapose being-for-consciousness-in-itself to being of things and “disengage” the subject of cognition from objects of the world. Brandom claims that reality itself, things in themselves, is conceptually articulated, and thus cognizable. The author reveals the theoretical-methodological difference between Hegel's interpretation of normativity (“recognitive model”) and Kant's subjectivist approach: according to Kant, institutionalization of the normative status is exhausted by the gesture of accepting such as an autonomous subject; in Hegel’s opinion, the essential condition for founding the status is, as interpreted by Brandom, socio-communicative mediation (“assignment” of status to the subject by his interlocutors, as well as recognition of his assertions by interagents and audience). The article reviews Brandom's arguments against the reduction of Hegelian master – slave dialectic to the inner conflict of individual self-consciousness (position of J. McDowell). The conclusion is made that “re-description” of Hegel conducted by the American philosopher is of radically anachronistic nature, and sheds light on the views of author of the commentaries (primarily his semantic pragmatism and holism), but not on the content of work he provides commentaries to.

scholarly journals People-Space Analytics: Case Study of Work Dynamics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Mojtahedi ◽  
◽  
So-Yeon Yoon ◽  
Tahereh A. Hosseini ◽  
Diego H. Diaz Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Patterns Of Communication ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Recurrent Patterns ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
National Architecture

To deliver an innovative design, architects often need to innovate in the ways they empathize with and understand the user. In his 1994 essay, the American Pragmatist philosopher Richard Rorty writes that “one should stop worrying about whether what one believes is well-grounded and start worrying about whether one has been imaginative enough to think up interesting alternatives to one’s present beliefs”1. This study, primarily, explores an interdisciplinary approach in which data collection, analysis, and interpretation are used as drivers of inspiration as well as tools of validation. A combination of tools and techniques labeled as people-space analytics was used to investigate the socio-spatial dynamics of work in the workplace of a national architecture firm. The results were later interpreted from a certain lens in the community of practice theory. A secondary goal of this research project is to study how workplace’s spatial configuration and key people and places are involved in organizational learning and knowledge practices. Therefore, a set of metrics and measures were used to interpret different employees’ recurrent patterns of communication and flow of information between people from different social networks in a spatial context."

A 5th E: Distributed Cognition and the Question of Ethics in Benjamin and Vygotsky, and Horkheimer and Dewey

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-250
Author(s):  
Ben Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Extended Cognition ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The World ◽  
Lev Vygotsky ◽  
American Pragmatist

The chapter uses Walter Benjamin’s engagement with Soviet developmental psychologist Lev Vygotsky, and Max Horkheimer’s with the work of American pragmatist John Dewey to suggest a productive path not taken by the Frankfurt School in the 1930s and 1940s as they considered the empirical study of human beings’ ‘mimetic’, i.e. pre-conscious and visceral interactions with others and with the world. Their analyses suggests positive ways of re-thinking the relation between norms and ‘primary intersubjectivity’ if we abandon their unnecessarily stark distinction between mimetic and goal-oriented forms of behaviour. The result is an understanding of how the basis of primary subjectivity, imitation, is itself necessarily distributed and ethically inflected, adding a 5th E to embedded, embodied, enactive and extended cognition.

The American Thinker

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-64
Author(s):  
Amanda Brown
Keyword(s):  
William James ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
American Institution ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
James Jones ◽  
The Individual ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
The Universe ◽  
American Thought

Chapter 1 establishes Thurman’s place within modern American thought, arguing that he is part of the American pragmatist tradition. Thurman inherited pragmatism from William James by way of W. E. B. Du Bois and Rufus Jones. Du Bois applied James’s ideas about people’s “blindness” to the experiences of others and the theory that social norms could evolve over time, through human agency, to better represent the needs of the democratic whole to his ideas about Black agitation and activism—a school of thinking within which Thurman was educated and nurtured. Thurman’s liberal theological component, especially his mysticism, is best understood through the James-Jones lineage. Rufus Jones drew off of James’s secular theories on mystical experience to popularize a culture of religious seeking and the pursuit of spiritual truth. Informed by his Quaker background, Jones theorized that the individual could reach points of heightened consciousness and could achieve a sense of oneness with a divine truth (James did not specify what this universal truth was, but Jones insisted that it was God). Both James and Jones favored affirmation mysticism—the idea that once a person experienced wholeness with the rest of the universe that he would be motivated and even responsible for attempting to create the same synchronicity within the society that he lived. Thurman, who had mystical leanings since childhood but could never fully articulate his insights on spirituality, felt as though he found a kindred spirit after he encountered one of Jones’s books on mysticism in 1929. The discovery led Thurman to study under Jones at Haverford that spring (with special permission from the college since Haverford did not admit Black students at that point). Thurman emerged from Haverford armed with a sophisticated grasp of affirmation mysticism that he connected seamlessly to his activist education. Through close readings of James, Du Bois, Jones, and Thurman, the chapter argues that Thurman’s pragmatist heritage both establishes him as a distinctly modern American thinker and sets the Fellowship Church—the physical expression of his ideas—as a distinctly modern American institution.

Pragmatiek en pragmatisme bij kwalitatief onderzoek

KWALON ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adri Smaling
Keyword(s):  
William James ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Kwalitatief Onderzoek ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
Charles Peirce ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Pragmatics and pragmatism in qualitative inquiry Adri Smaling American pragmatist philosophers, i.e. Charles Peirce, William James, John Dewey, Herbert Mead, have influenced the methodology of qualitative research, especially the grounded theory approach and action research. In addition Richard Rorty is mentioned. Some of their ideas are discussed, such as abduction, self, work, transaction, symbolic interaction, role taking and conversation.

Staying alive? Navigating Uncertainty in Cancer in Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Løvschal-Nielsen ◽  
Rikke Sand Andersen ◽  
Lotte Meinert
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Paediatric Oncology ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Social Uncertainty

Abstract In this article we explore how institutions and individuals in Denmark deal with uncertainty of cancer in childhood. Based on a seven months ethnographic fieldwork conducted on a paediatric oncology ward from 2011-2013, we examine how uncertainty and insecurities manifest in the interface between cancer treatment and childhood in the Danish welfare state. We develop our argument theoretically with the American pragmatist philosophy and its ideas that people are responding to a hazardous world in constant transformation. Through a focus on micro practices we explore how uncertainty manifests especially for children and their families, and how they navigate insecurities. Important collective attempts to create some measure of certainty and security are done in treatment practices, but we argue that biomedical practices dealing with uncertainty of cancer paradoxically give rise to existential and social uncertainty among children and their families, which they struggle with, also after the end of cancer treatment, as long-term social effects of cancer in childhood. We suggest that more attention could be paid to assist children in dealing with uncertainty and insecurities imminent to being in cancer treatment in the Danish welfare state and the social effects of this.

Pragmatism, Realism and the ethics of crisis and transformation in international relations

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán P. Molloy
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
William James ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Tragic Vision ◽  
Ethical Commitment ◽  
American Pragmatist

This article examines Carr’s work in The Twenty Years’ Crisis and Conditions of Peace in the light of an analogy that Carr draws between his work and that of the American pragmatist philosopher, William James. The article argues that one gains a greater understanding of the internal workings of Carr’s most important IR works if one understands him as operating within the pragmatist tradition (as James understood it). A further aim of the paper is to investigate the evolution in Carr’s ethical commitment to peace in The Twenty Years' Crisis and Conditions of Peace as a product of a pragmatist perspective on global politics. The article concludes with a section on how pragmatist Realist ethics complements existing theories of Realist ethics in IR by reference to Richard Ned Lebow’s The Tragic Vision of Politics and Michael C. Williams’ The Realist Tradition and the Limits of International Relations.

scholarly journals Aesthetic experience in the nature-culture continuum: The biological dimension of pragmatist aesthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Krystyna Wilkoszewska
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Modern Time ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Short Presentation

In 1930 American pragmatist philosopher John Dewey introduced into aesthetics a relatively new idea of experience. Living in modern time Dewey offered non-modernist way of thinking which especially in the field of aesthetics seems to be more adequate to our time than the modern ideas of aesthetic experience and autonomy of art. After short presentation of Dewey's philosophy of aesthetics I would like to show its inner dimensions that are fully developed today: ecological, evolutionary and transhuman tendencies, experience as interaction, soma and sensuous perspective.

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