Microalgae Production in Fresh Market Wastewater and Its Utilization as a Protein Substitute in Formulated Fish Feed for Oreochromis Spp.

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15% meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89% dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan pada B (40% % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung Daun Singkong Tua

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Results of a comparative study of the use of fodder worms of two breeds for pool growing of young tilapy and clary catfish in the conditions of the Almaty

Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries) ◽

10.33920/sel-09-2006-09 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

Z. Bolatbekova ◽

S. Assylbekova ◽

B. Kulatayev ◽

S. Koishybayeva ◽

N. Bulavina

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Biological Indicators ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Fish Breeding ◽

Breeding Zone ◽

Improved Methods

The aryicle presents the results of a comparative study of the biochemical composition of earthworms of dendrobene and prospector rocks, the peculiarities of their cultivation and their use for feeding when growing juvenile tilapia and clary catfish. The experience of cultivating earthworms of two breeds using the improved methods of foreign authors is described. The results of a study of the biochemical composition of cultivated objects that determine their nutritional value for feeding fish are presented. The fish-breeding and biological indicators of juvenile tilapia and clary catfish, obtained during the cultivation of dendrobene and prospector in fish farming in the Almaty region (VI fish-breeding zone) during worm feeding, are analyzed. A comprehensive analysis of the studied indicators made it possible to assign a certain rating place to each worm breed in relation to its use as fish feed.

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Hydroponic Greenhouse Production of Fresh-market Basil in Colorado

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.480f ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 480f-481

Author(s):

C. Elizabeth Succop ◽

Steven E. Newman

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Root Zone ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Organic Solution ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Greenhouse Production ◽

Raised Bed ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Organic Produce

Fresh-market basil has become a viable greenhouse commodity in Colorado. Marketing pressures and profit advantages also encourage the production of certified organic produce. The research objectives were to determine the length of time basil plants were productive in the greenhouse and to compare the production of fresh-market basil grown with three root zone systems and two fertilizer treatments. The three systems were hydroponic rockwool slab culture, hydroponic perlite raised bed culture, and hydroponic peat/perlite/compost bag culture. The two types of hydroponic fertilizer treatments were a salt-based formulated nutrient solution and an organic solution consisting of fermented poultry compost, hydrolized fish emulsion, and soluble kelp. The plants were harvested once per week for fresh weight determination. The results from the two runs show greater productivity for the plants in the perlite system as well as the bag mix system when fertilized with the organic fertilizer compared to salt-based fertilizer. However, productivity of the plants in the rockwool system was greater with the salt-based treatment compared to the organic treatment.

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Persistence of Orally Administered Salmonella enterica Serovars Agona and Montevideo in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1336 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 68 (7) ◽

pp. 1336-1339 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

L. L. NESSE ◽

T. LØVOLD ◽

B. BERGSJØ ◽

K. NORDBY ◽

C. WALLACE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Most Probable Number ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Probable Number ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽

Gastric Intubation

The objective of our experiments was to study the persistence and dissemination of orally administered Salmonella in smoltified Atlantic salmon. In experiment 1, salmon kept at 15°C were fed for 1 week with feed contaminated with 96 most-probable-number units of Salmonella Agona per 100 g of feed and then starved for 2 weeks. Samples were taken from the gastrointestinal tract and examined for Salmonella 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 days after the feeding ended. In experiment 2, Salmonella Agona and Montevideo were separately mixed with feed and administered by gastric intubation. Each fish received 1.0 × 108, 1.0 × 106, or 1.0 × 104 CFU. The different groups were kept in parallel at 5 and 15°C and observed for 4 weeks. Every week, three fish in each group were sacrificed, and samples were taken from the skin, the pooled internal organs, the muscle, and the gastrointestinal tract and examined for the presence of Salmonella. The results from the two experiments showed that the persistence of Salmonella in the fish was highly dependent on the dose administered. Salmonella was not recovered from any of the fish that were fed for 1 week with the lowest concentration of Salmonella. In the fish given the highest dose of Salmonella, bacteria persisted for at least 4 weeks in the gastrointestinal tract as well as, to some extent, the internal organs. The present study shows that under practical conditions in Norway, the risk of Salmonella in fish feed being passed on to the consumer of the fish is negligible.

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A conjunction of sn-2 fatty acids and overall fatty acid composition combined with chemometric techniques increase the effectiveness of lard detection in fish feed

Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems ◽

10.1016/j.chemolab.2021.104308 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104308

Author(s):

Mohamed Haniff Hanafy Idris ◽

Yanty Noorzianna Manaf ◽

Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa ◽

Amalia Mohd Hashim ◽

Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Chemometric Techniques

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Characterization of digestive physiology in Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis juveniles fed a raw fish feed and a commercial diet

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736562 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 736562

Author(s):

Koji Murashita ◽

Hiroshi Hashimoto ◽

Toshinori Takashi ◽

Takeshi Eba ◽

Kazunori Kumon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bluefin Tuna ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Pacific Bluefin Tuna ◽

Digestive Physiology ◽

Thunnus Orientalis ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Raw Fish

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Valorisation of Organic Waste By-Products Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as a Bio-Convertor

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158345 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8345

Author(s):

Kieran Magee ◽

Joe Halstead ◽

Richard Small ◽

Iain Young

Keyword(s):

Food Waste ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

High Quality Protein ◽

The Face ◽

Beet Pulp ◽

By Products ◽

Hermetia Illucens Larvae

One third of food produced globally is wasted. Disposal of this waste is costly and is an example of poor resource management in the face of elevated environmental concerns and increasing food demand. Providing this waste as feedstock for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) has the potential for bio-conversion and valorisation by production of useful feed materials and fertilisers. We raised BSFL under optimal conditions (28 °C and 70% relative humidity) on seven UK pre-consumer food waste-stream materials: fish trimmings, sugar-beet pulp, bakery waste, fruit and vegetable waste, cheese waste, fish feed waste and brewer’s grains and yeast. The nutritional quality of the resulting BSFL meals and frass fertiliser were then analysed. In all cases, the volume of waste was reduced (37–79%) and meals containing high quality protein and lipid sources (44.1 ± 4.57% and 35.4 ± 4.12%, respectively) and frass with an NPK of 4.9-2.6-1.7 were produced. This shows the potential value of BSFL as a bio-convertor for the effective management of food waste.

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Technical basis for the small-scale production of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L. 1758), meal as fish feed in Benin

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research ◽

10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 100153

Author(s):

Armel Gougbedji ◽

Pamphile Agbohessou ◽

Philippe A. Lalèyè ◽

Frédéric Francis ◽

Rudy Caparros Megido

Keyword(s):

Small Scale ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Scale Production ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

Technical Basis

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Apparent Digestibility of Macronutrients and Fatty Acids from Microalgae (Schizochytrium sp.) Fed to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): A Potential Candidate for Fish Oil Substitution

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 456

Author(s):

Amélie Bélanger ◽

Pallab K. Sarker ◽

Dominique P. Bureau ◽

Yvan Chouinard ◽

Grant W. Vandenberg

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Aquaculture Feed

Aquaculture feed formulation has recently turned its focus to reduce the reliance on marine-derived resources and utilise alternative feedstuffs, as an approach to improve the environmental sustainability of the aquaculture sector. The fish oil market is highly volatile, and availability of this commodity is continuously decreasing for use in aquaculture. Currently, a growing number of commercial efforts producing microalgae are providing omega 3-rich oil for sustainable aquaculture feed. This study was focused to determine the nutrient digestibility of a marine microalga, Schizochytrium spp., which is rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), as a novel dietary lipid source that could be utilized effectively by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A whole-cell Schizochytrium spp. biomass was used in the digestibility experiment at two different temperatures, 8 °C and 15 °C. No significant differences were detected between the two temperatures for the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of the dry matter (94.3 ± 4.9%), total lipids (85.8 ± 0.0%), crude proteins (89.5 ± 1.8%), energy (83.1 ± 1.7%) and fatty acids (85.8 ± 7.5%). The ADCs of the nutrients, energy, DHA and other fatty acids showed that Schizochytrium spp. is a high-quality candidate for fish oil substitution and supplement of LC-PUFA in fish feed with vegetable oils.

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Growth Performance and Survival in the Crayfish (Astacus astacus) Fed Fish Faeces, Combined Plant Root/Fish Faeces and a Commercial Pelleted Fish Feed

Waste and Biomass Valorization ◽

10.1007/s12649-021-01459-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephan S. W. Ende ◽

Vanessa Fuchs ◽

Marcel Machnik ◽

Annabel Schuhn ◽

Christiane von der Marwitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Plant Root ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Astacus Astacus

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