scholarly journals Other Properties (BET Surface Area, Conductivity, Organic Matter, and pH)

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Modi Ahmed ◽  
Khaliq Beg
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
List Type

Abstract Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) test were applied to dust samples in which samples (BET) surface area is highly related to the roundness of dust particles. The higher angularity and low roundness of the dust particles show a higher (BET) surface area. The roundness is also related to the particlesize distribution and mineralogical composition. The electrical conductivity test relates very well with the chemical and physical properties of dust samples in the transmission of an electrical current. The organic matter content was measured using the ignition method and the pH of the samples was recorded. Maps of the distribution of high and low BET concentrations, electrical conductivity EC, organic matter content, pH.

scholarly journals MINERALOGY AND ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT OF BOTTOM ASH SAMPLES FROM AGIOS DIMITRIOS POWER PLANT, GREECE

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kantiranis ◽  
Α. Georgakopoulos ◽  
A. Fiiippidis ◽  
A. Drakoulis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Loss On Ignition

Four bottom ash samples from the Power Units of the Agios Dimitrios Power Plant were studied by the method of PXRD to determine their semi-quantitative mineralogical composition. Their organic matter content was calculated by a wet chemical process. Also, the loss on ignition was measured. The samples are constituted mainly of calcite, quartz and feldspars, while micas, clays, gehlenite and portlandite were determined in a few samples in smaller quantities. The amorphous material varied between 10-43 wt. %, while organic matter varied between 5-42 wt. %. Measurements of the loss on ignition overestimate the unburned lignite contents in the bottom ash samples. The management of bottom ashes with high contents of unburned lignite should differ to that of the fly ashes. The oxidation of the inorganic compounds of the unburned lignite may lead to environmental degradation of the landfill areas. Samples showing lower values of organic matter are suitable for a series of uses, such as: snow and ice control, as an aggregate in lightweight concrete masonry units,as a raw feed material for portland cement, as an aggregate in cold mix emulsified asphalt mixes, base or sub-base courses, or in shoulder construction. Systematic study of the unburned lignite of bottom ashes is needed for possible re-combustion.

scholarly journals Parameter Selection for the Evaluation of Compost Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1567
Author(s):  
Haydee Peña ◽  
Heysa Mendoza ◽  
Fernando Diánez ◽  
Mila Santos
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Soil Restoration

This work studies variables measured from the first phase of composting through the acquisition of the final product, with the goal of identifying those that are more strongly related to quality and are most useful for developing an index. The necessity to establish quality control procedures thus exists for the classification of raw materials in the same way as for the finished products. To accomplish this, three mixtures were prepared, with the goal of achieving a C/N ratio of 30 and a moisture content of 60%. The primary component of each mixture was: fruit processing waste (C1), sewage sludge from the food industry (C2), and the manufacturing waste of fried foods (C3). Temperatures were measured over 107 days, with the corresponding data fit to a logistical model where T °C ~ α / ((1 + exp (− (Time − β) / − γ))) + δ, with interaction compost * time being statistically significant (p < 0.001). This allowed for the temperatures, in keeping with health concerns, to be confirmed. Likewise, a linear regression analysis demonstrated the decomposition of organic matter at 0.82%/week. Statistically, the parameters, measured during the process, with the least variability were selected, which differed in the average contrasts: germination index (cucumber), electrical conductivity, and average moisture. A principal component analysis (PCA) and Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed the best Germination Index (GI) values for C1, due to lower electrical conductivity (EC) and bulk density (Bd) along with higher organic matter content (TOM). For its part, C2 induced a higher Relative emergence (RE) of the cucumber thanks to its higher content of total nitrogen (TN) and lower contribution of Cu, Zn and K. C3 showed a higher presence of salts, less favorable physical characteristics (>Bd and <TPS, total pore space) and higher content of Zn and Cu. Composting carried out with appropriate mixtures can offer high-quality products for use as fertiliser, in soil restoration, and as an alternative substrate to peat and virgin mountain soil.

scholarly journals Radionuclides and heavy metal contents in phosphogypsum samples in comparison to cerrado soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1481-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanusa Maria Feliciano Jacomino ◽  
Kerley Alberto Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Helena Tirollo Taddei ◽  
Maria Célia Siqueira ◽  
Maria Eleonora Deschamps Pires Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
226Ra Activity

Phosphogysum (PG) or agricultural gypsum, a solid waste from the phosphate fertilizer industry, is used as soil amendment, especially on soils in the Cerrado region, in Brazil. This material may however contain natural radionuclides and metals which can be transferred to soils, plants and water sources. This paper presents and discusses the results of physical and chemical analyses that characterized samples of PG and compares them to the results found in two typical soils of the Cerrado, a clayey and sandy one. These analyses included: solid waste classification, evaluation of organic matter content and of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Al concentrations and of the mineralogical composition. Natural radionuclides and metal concentrations in PG and soil samples were also measured. Phosphogypsum was classified as Class II A - Not Dangerous, Not Inert, Not Corrosive and Not Reactive. The organic matter content in the soil samples was low and potential acidity high. In the mean, the specific 226Ra activity in the phosphogypsum samples (252 Bq kg-1) was below the maximum level recommended by USEPA, which is 370 Bq kg-1 for agricultural use. In addition, this study verified that natural radionuclides and metals concentrations in PG were lower than in the clayey Oxisol of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These results indicated that the application of phosphogypsum as soil amendment in agriculture would not cause a significant impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Influence of different stands of sal (Shorea robusta C. F. Gaertn.) forest of Bangladesh on soil health

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Md Bayeazid Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Total N ◽  
Exchangeable K

The study was conducted in Dukhula sadar and Gasabari forest range under Madhupur Sal Forest of Bangladesh to determine the soil nutrient composition and isolation of fungi with varying stands. Three stands viz. pure sal, plantation and mixed were considered as treatment of the study. A quadrate sample plot of 10×10 m2 size was measured to collect soil samples for both chemical analysis and fungi isolation. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, total N, available P, exchangeable K, available S, fungal abundance and colony character (cm) were determined to achieve the objective of the study. The results revealed that soil pH and electrical conductivity were highest (6.61 and 21.10?S/cm) in mixed stand and lowest (6.38 and 10.75?S/cm) in pure stand. Organic matter content and total N were highest (2.24 and 0.145%) in plantation stand and lowest (1.65 and 0.112%) in mixed and pure stand, respectively. Available P, exchangeable K and available S were highest (3.65, 98.66 and 17.53ppm) in pure stand and lowest (1.97, 79.49 and 10.25ppm) in plantation stand. In addition, four fungal genera Sclerotium, Rhizoctonia, Pythium and Verticillium were identified in the study area soils. The highest fungal population (entire genus except Verticillium) (colony number/g soil) was found in mixed stand while it was found lowest in pure (Sclerotium ) and plantation stand (Rhizoctonia and Pythium ). There was no significant variation in colony diameter of the fungi among the treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that better soil health was maintained in natural forest rather than plantation forest.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(1): 17-25, April 2015

scholarly journals Quality and fertility of soils dedicated to the crop of Vitis vinifera L., var. Albariño in the district of the Salnés (Galicia)

OENO One ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Purificación Marcet ◽  
Luisa Andrade ◽  
F. Maillo ◽  
Luisa Reyzábal ◽  
M. J. Montero
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
Levene Test

<p style="text-align: justify;">This work tries to know the quality and fertility of soils dedicated to the crop of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L., var. Albariño, taking into account the time of implantation of the crop and farm works employed.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Four farms have been selected in Meis (Pontevedra, Spain) where vineyard in grown with different antiquity in the implantation of this monocrop. One is three years old, two are six years old (one on a slope and other on a terrace) and the last one is seventy-five years old in the vineyard implantation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On other hand as reference controls three soils with natural vegetation of the area were chosen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In the selected soils quality and fertility soil indicators were determined. To do that it was evaluated the effect of the monocrop on different physical and chemical properties of the soils in two depths, surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40cm). The knowledge of the present state of the soils and their evolutive trends will allow us to correct possible desequilibra, to increase fertility and productivity maintaining soil and vineyard quality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">All data were submitted to a statistic analysis, carrying out Levene test, ANOVAS and DMS. Partial correlation of the different parameters studied was made too, so as to observe possible relations among them.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The texture of all soils is mainly sandy, and in most of them the water movement is ruled by forces with a gravitatory origin that determine the water flow in depth without flooding danger. Rockiness decreases with the age of the crop in two studied depths.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Generally talking every soil is characterised by having a neuter pH with acid tendency, pointing up the high pH of the subsurface layer of the oldest vineyard significantly different from the rest.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The contents of organic matter decreases with the crop implantation time in the surface area, on the contrary the values of organic matter in the subsoil of different vineyards do not show significant differences statistically talking. The C/N relation is adequate in every soil and there aren’t differences among the soils of vineyards with different age. Neither exist differences among the available P contents in the surface layer of the soils of different age, while in the subsurface increases this content with the age of vineyard.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The contents of exchangeable Ca and the effective capacity of cationic exchange are higher in the oldest vineyards soils, though they are relatively low in all of them.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In the surface area the level of exchangeable bases is adequate and equilibrated with a pH close to neutrality and low contents of exchangeable Al.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In the surface layer the content of available Cu increases with the organic matter content and the age of vineyard. In every soils studied there is deficit of Zn in both layers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Organochlorine pesticides levels are relatively high in all vineyards while organophosphorus compound levels are practically null.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Chemical fertility of the soil increases generally with the age of the crop though its maintenance requires modifying the cultural practices in order to avoid the diminishing organic matter content and the increasing Cu and organochlorine pesticides concentrations.</p>

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SUBSTRATES MINERALIZATION BY C-CO2 FLUX UNDER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1 y 2) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Montoya-Jasso ◽  
Gerardo Sergio Benedicto Valdés ◽  
Víctor Manuel Ordaz Chaparro ◽  
Alejandrina Ruiz-Bello ◽  
Jesús Manuel Arreola Tostado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Porous Space ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Mineral Mixture

The objective was to evaluate the mineralization of two mixtures of substrates with different nitrogen content, moisture, compost and mineral mixture based on zeolite and dolomite. The measured parameters were pH (extract 1:2), electrical conductivity (extract 1:5) by conductimeter; content of organic matter by ignition; organic carbon based on the results of organic matter using the Douglas factor= 0.5; and nitrogen per micro Kjeldahl. The flow of CO2 was measured with the IRGA gas analyzer. For both moisture content, the compost-free substrates had a higher C/N ratio. Compost substrates, because of their high mineralization, were appropriate with advantages to the supply of nitrogen. Substrates with compost and 15% moisture released higher CO2 by presenting more easily degradable compounds. Mineralization rates on substrates were higher with 15% humidity due to increased porous space occupied by gases, in addition, the supply of 50% of nitrogen had a low immobilization due to the lower organic matter content and the 40 cm3 L-1 mineral mixture content changed the dilution of carbon to be metabolized by microorganisms. The rate of mineralization was affected by the use of minerals, the quality and the subtrate origin

scholarly journals Studi Pendahuluan Pengolahan Air Payau Menjadi Air Bersih Dengan Metode Kombinasi Elektrokoagulasi Dan Adsorpsi Menggunakan Karbosil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eny Heriani R.N. ◽  
Wasinton Simanjuntak ◽  
Ilim .
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

This study was carried out to investigate treatment of brackish water using a combination of electrocoagulation and adsorption using carbosil prepared from rice husk with pyrolysis method. Electrocoagulation was applied with the aim to remove natural organic matter in the sample, using aluminim as electrodes, with the particular purpose to study the effect of potenstials.For this purpose, electrocoagulation experiments were conducted at potential of 4, 6, and 8 volt at fixed contact time of 60 minutes.The performance of the method was defined in term of absorbance reduction at the wavelengths of 254 and 285 nm, since the absorbance at these two wavelenghts was found to correlate well with the amount of organic matter in the water samples. The treated water was then subjected to adsorption process at different contac times of 5. 10, and 15 minutes, and the performance of the process was evaluated in term of electrical conductivity reduction.The results obtained indicate that for electrocoagulation process, the higest reduction of natural organic matter content was achieved using potential of 8 volt, and adsorption porcess of 15 minutes was found to result in reduction of electrical conductivity from 15.13 mS/cm to 10.10 mS/cm.Characterization of the carbosil using SEM/EDX technique revealed that the carbosil has practically homogeneous surface and able to adsorb salt and several other elements from the brackish water. Key words : adsorption, brackish water, carbosil, electrocoagulation

scholarly journals Adsorption of bentazone in the profiles of mineral soils with low organic matter content

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242980
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Paszko ◽  
Joanna Matysiak ◽  
Daniel Kamiński ◽  
Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska ◽  
Miłosz Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Mineral Soils

The current laboratory adsorption study aimed at determination of the values of adsorption distribution coefficient (Kd) of bentazone in the profiles of Arenosols, Luvisols, and Cambisols, which are the most common arable mineral soils in Poland. The study attempted to identify the soil components that bind bentazone and the principal adsorption mechanisms of this compound as well as create a model capable of predicting its adsorption in soils. The Kd values determined in batch experiments after 24 h of shaking were very low, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 mL/g for the Ap horizon and 0 to 0.07 mL/g for subsoils. The results indicated that the anionic form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter, while in acidic soils the neutral form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter and sand. The detailed analyses of mineralogical composition revealed that the principal mineral that was responsible for the adsorption of bentazone was quartz, which content was strongly positively correlated with the sand fraction. In soils with pH < 5 and an organic carbon content of < 0.35%, quartz exhibited much greater affinity for the neutral bentazone form than organic matter. Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy analyses supported by computational methods have shown the most probable mechanisms behind the adsorption of bentazone on quartz. The created model, assuming the adsorption of bentazone on organic matter and on sand and using the spectrophotometrically determined dissociation constant of bentazone, very well explained the Kd variance in the 81 examined soils, while correctly predicting the adsorption based on soil properties described in the published data.

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