scholarly journals Migration, Urbanity and Cosmopolitanism in a Globalized World: An Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Catherine Lejeune ◽  
Delphine Pagès-El Karoui ◽  
Camille Schmoll ◽  
Hélène Thiollet
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The City

AbstractGlobalization and migration have generated acute and often contradictory changes: they have increased social diversity while inducing global homogenization; they have sharpened differentiation of spaces and statuses while accelerating and amplifying communication and circulations; they have induced more complex social stratification while enriching individual and collective identities. These changes happen to be strikingly visible in cities. Urban contexts, indeed, offer privileged sites of inquiry to understanding the social dynamics of globalization, informal belonging and local citizenships, transient and multi-layered identities, symbolic orders and exclusionary practices. But cities are also material sites and they create multisensorial scapes that shape experiences of globalization and social change. They operate through multiple scales, connecting horizontal extensions and vertical layers of the city with generic, landmark, interstitial and neglected places. Far from being mere contexts, cities are both changing and being changed by migration and globalization.

scholarly journals The Civilizational Dimension of the Structurating of Societies

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-175
Author(s):  
Ruslan Braslavskiy ◽  
Vladimir Kozlovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Aspects

The civilizational approach in contemporary sociology aims at clarifying the relationships between social structure and culture, and institutions and actors. The civilizational dimension of the structuring of societies focuses on uncovering the complex interactions between the civilizational pattern and social structure. The focus is on a historically-defined combination of interpretive models and institutional frameworks in which the social dynamics of society unfolds. The fundamental premise of civilizational analysis in sociology is the rejection of social or cultural reductionist determinism. The key moments are distinction and autonomy, and are contingent on the interweaving of the structural, institutional, and cultural aspects of social interaction. The basic concepts of the civilizational dimension of structuring societies are (a) the determination of the method of differentiation and integration of the spheres of social life; (b) the establishment of basic norms and “debentures” for the main institutional sectors; (c) the building a social center and establishing its relationship with the periphery; (d) the construction of collective identities; (e) giving order to the formation of social stratification and the social division of labor; and (f) a self-representation and the strategies of sociopolitical elites, and their management practices. The key aspects of the civilizational structuring of social formations are highlighted and considered in the examples of the Imperial and the Soviet periods in the history of Russian society. Contemporary societies in the civilizational dimension are a combination of (a) inherited local civilizational traditions (often with their own anticipations of modernity), then (b) perceived in the course of inter-civilizational encounters with cultural and institutional influences of “other” traditions and reactions to them, and then (c) develop, inherit their own, borrow, or take on imposed-from-the-outside articulations and visions of the problems of modernity civilization, including models of modernity which receive universal meaning and value.

scholarly journals Perubahan Sosial, Ijtihad dan Dinamika Hukum Islam

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Salamah Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Law

The Qur'an contains only a small number of detailed laws, while the sunna is limited to the cases that occurred in its time, so to solve new problems, ijtihad is required. In such a connection for a Muslim, new problems arising from the progress of science and technology, should not be confronted with confrontational passages, but must be solved by ijtihadi.Karena reality often occurs, that the development of society and public opinion faster the pace of the road from on the development of the law itself. The dynamics of people's lives are characteristic of change. Through the power of intention, power, and creativity, humans create cultural objects as a result of their creations. Changes that occur in society when observed can occur in various There are slow changes (evolution) and there are rapid changes (revolution). The social changes that occur in a society, directly or indirectly, affect institutions in various fields, such as government, economics, education, religion and so on. The continuation of an impact on the social system changes. When the law is faced with social change, it occupies one of its functions, which can function as a means of social control, and the law can serve as a means of social change. the characteristics of the law above is due to the inconsistency of social dynamics and the dynamics of law in the life of society. Unequaled dynamics of society and law, usually will bring social lag. From here, then comes a question whether Islamic law as a norm of God's determination can experience changes in accordance with the needs of the community? Ijtihad is an important factor for the development and development of Islamic law.Ijtihad done to answer the problems that arise in society that is not yet known legal status.ijtihad has a wide scope, the issues are not regulated explicitly dala m al-Qur'an and sunna can be done ijtihad. In order for humans to have breadth in determining its activities according to its ability, needs and environment. Therefore ijtihad in the field of Islamic law in anticipating the dynamics of society and social changes concerning the values, behavior patterns, and social system of a society is a concern in establishing Islamic law. Thus ijtihad is the third source in the development of Islamic law. Keywords: Social Change, Ijtihad, Law, Islamic.

A Child of the City: a Longitudinal Study of Stratification and Migration in a Rajasthan Village

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Howard M Jones
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Circular Migration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

Abstract By reference to a multi-caste and tribal village in southern Rajasthan the paper examines the degree to which caste and tribal membership impacts on different aspects of migration, e.g. commencement, form, destination, duration, and types of work undertaken. Using a livelihoods approach, supplemented by other perspectives and concentrating on four migration streams (three domestic, one international), data collected over a period of nearly thirty-five years indicates that patterns of migration are far from random. It is argued that the use of official stratification categories in migration surveys can obscure important differences within caste groupings. Short-term circular migration, underestimated in national surveys, is shown to be substantial, especially for the tribal migrants in the village. While position in the social structure differentially affects aspects of migration across the village hierarchy, examples are given of individual migrant agency overcoming structural constraints.

Women, Migration and Social Change: A Colombian Case Study

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Female Migrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

It is the contention of this author that, for women in particular the process of migration is a liberating, or freeing process. Specifically, this paper examines the changes which take place in the social environment of women as a result of rural-urban migrations. The focus of the investigation is female migrants who have moved to the city of Popayán, Columbia. The discussion is based on data gathered in Barrio Tulcán.

Glocalising the theory of generations: The case of Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-357
Author(s):  
Manuela Caballero ◽  
Artemio Baigorri
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society ◽  
A Current

This work poses difficulties in the use of the generation concept as a social research instrument, due to its complex and multidimensional nature. A complexity by which is not a concept widely used in a current Sociology that focuses more on the mathematisation. But some social processes cannot be reduced to algorithms. For the theoretical review we have used contributions from Sociology, Philosophy and History, because it is of a transversal disciplinary nature, and we have applied it to the identification of Spanish generations in the 20th century. Inspired by Ortega’s theses and Strauss and Howe empirical development implemented for American society, the resulting model presents six generations with different collective identities that reflect the social changes in the history of Spain during the last century. A model that, after being tested in sectorial investigations, may constitute a useful new tool for the analysis of social change.

scholarly journals A Classification Model to Evaluate the Security Level in a City Based on GIS-MCDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro José Jardim de Figueiredo ◽  
Caroline Maria de Miranda Mota
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Preference Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multicriteria Method ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The City

The aim of this paper is to map the most favorable locations for the occurrence of robberies in the Brazilian city through the multicriteria method Dominance-Based Rough Set Approach. Considering the city divisions with alternatives and evaluating by several spatial criteria, a decision-maker is building a preference model with based previous knowledge. Next, decision rules induced from preference information are introduced to the spatial environment to get the results. The decision rules can be seen as conditional part (represented by criteria) and decision part (assignment to decision classes). The rules classify all the alternatives according to security level. Moreover, the rules help to understand the social dynamics of the city and to assist in the proposition of strategies against violence.

Seeing Immigrants

2012 ◽  
Vol 641 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Winders
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Immigrant Incorporation ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Immigrant Settlement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gateway Cities ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

Since the 1990s, immigrant settlement has expanded beyond gateway cities and transformed the social fabric of a growing number of American cities. In the process, it has raised new questions for urban and migration scholars. This article argues that immigration to new destinations provides an opportunity to sharpen understandings of the relationship between immigration and the urban by exploring it under new conditions. Through a discussion of immigrant settlement in Nashville, Tennessee, it identifies an overlooked precursor to immigrant incorporation—how cities see, or do not see, immigrants within the structure of local government. If immigrants are not institutionally visible to government or nongovernmental organizations, immigrant abilities to make claims to or on the city as urban residents are diminished. Through the combination of trends toward neighborhood-based urban governance and neoliberal streamlining across American cities, immigrants can become institutionally hard to find and, thus, plan for in the city.

scholarly journals Law and Social Dynamics of Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Andrew Shandy Utama
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
Legal Coercion ◽  
Education Community ◽  
The Social

This research aims to explain the influence of law on the social dynamics of society. The method used in this research is normative legal research. One of the sciences that studies the social dynamics of society is the Sociology of Law. Every dynamic that occurs as a result of social change requires a legal response. Social dynamics is a general phenomenon that occurs throughout the ages in every society, changes that occur in accordance with the nature and nature of humans who always want to make changes. The occurrence of social dynamics is influenced by several factors, including law, technology, community structure, culture, an open system of social stratification, and advanced education. Community institutions are considered truly valid if their norms fully assist the implementation of social patterns. The system of social layers can occur by itself or is deliberately structured to pursue a common goal. Legal coercion in the implementation of social institutions that apply as regulations is not always used. Instead, the emphasis is on the coercion of society.

scholarly journals Trees and their seed networks: the social dynamics of urban fruit trees and implications for genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Rimlinger ◽  
Marie-Louise Avana ◽  
Abdon Awono ◽  
Armel Chakocha ◽  
Alexis Gakwavu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

AbstractTrees are a traditional component of urban spaces where they provide ecosystem services critical to urban wellbeing. In the Tropics, urban trees’ seed origins have rarely been characterized. Yet, understanding the social dynamics linked to tree planting is critical given their influence on the distribution of associated genetic diversity. This study examines elements of these dynamics (seed exchange networks) in an emblematic indigenous fruit tree species from Central Africa, the African plum tree (Dacryodes edulis, Burseraceae), within the urban context of Yaoundé. We further evaluate the consequences of these social dynamics on the distribution of the genetic diversity of the species in the city. Urban trees were planted predominantly using seeds sourced from outside the city, resulting in a level of genetic diversity as high in Yaoundé as in a whole region of production of the species. Debating the different drivers that foster the genetic diversity in planted urban trees, the study argued that cities and urban dwellers can unconsciously act as effective guardians of indigenous tree genetic diversity.

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