scholarly journals The Waring Worlds of H. G. Wells: The Entangled Histories of Education, Sociobiology, Post-genomics, and Science Fiction

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Chessa Adsit-Morris
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Extended Synthesis ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Cognition And Learning ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDrawing on H. G. Wells’ visionary texts, social critique, and revolutionary insights, this chapter revisits and recontextualizes questions raised by Wells almost a century ago around the adequacy of science education curricula to grapple with the still unfolding Anthropocene. Exploring the technological advances in molecular biology that have occurred over the last twenty years, which have instigated an epistemological turn toward what many science studies scholars are calling the post-genomic era, this chapter situates current education research and policy debates within the post-genomic era through new research in the field of sociobiology. Conversely, drawing on the fundamental reconceptualization of inheritance that underlies genomic research in the post-genomic era, this chapter argues for a similar reconceptualization of intelligence, educational attainment, cognition, and learning. The chapter concludes by exploring the potential of a transnational and transknowledge extended synthesis within education, one that encourages critical examination of the impact of globalization, nationalism, and capitalism on science education and works to imagine how science education can be reformed, reimagined, and reconfigured to contribute to the radical actualization of a just, equitable, and sustainable world.

scholarly journals Advanced Materials Based on Nanosized Hydroxyapatite

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3190
Author(s):  
Ramón Rial ◽  
Michael González-Durruthy ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Juan M. Ruso
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Nanosized Hydroxyapatite ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

The development of new materials based on hydroxyapatite has undergone a great evolution in recent decades due to technological advances and development of computational techniques. The focus of this review is the various attempts to improve new hydroxyapatite-based materials. First, we comment on the most used processing routes, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. We will now focus on other routes, less common due to their specificity and/or recent development. We also include a block dedicated to the impact of computational techniques in the development of these new systems, including: QSAR, DFT, Finite Elements of Machine Learning. In the following part we focus on the most innovative applications of these materials, ranging from medicine to new disciplines such as catalysis, environment, filtration, or energy. The review concludes with an outlook for possible new research directions.

Faeries, Aliens, and Leviathans: Science and Fantasy in Ian McDonald's King of Morning, Queen of Day

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Richard Howard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Irish Studies ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Cultural Movement

Irish science fiction is a relatively unexplored area for Irish Studies, a situation partially rectified by the publication of Jack Fennell's Irish Science Fiction in 2014. This article aims to continue the conversation begun by Fennell's intervention by analysing the work of Belfast science fiction author Ian McDonald, in particular King of Morning, Queen of Day (1991), the first novel in what McDonald calls his Irish trilogy. The article explores how McDonald's text interrogates the intersection between science, politics, and religion, as well as the cultural movement that was informing a growing sense of a continuous Irish national identity. It draws from the discipline of Science Studies, in particular the work of Nicholas Whyte, who writes of the ways in which science and colonialism interacted in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland.

Behavioral Law and Economics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Zamir ◽  
Doron Teichman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Securities Regulation ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
Behavioral Law And Economics ◽  
The Impact

In the past few decades, economic analysis of law has been challenged by a growing body of experimental and empirical studies that attest to prevalent and systematic deviations from the assumptions of economic rationality. While the findings on bounded rationality and heuristics and biases were initially perceived as antithetical to standard economic and legal-economic analysis, over time they have been largely integrated into mainstream economic analysis, including economic analysis of law. Moreover, the impact of behavioral insights has long since transcended purely economic analysis of law: in recent years, the behavioral movement has become one of the most influential developments in legal scholarship in general. Behavioral Law and Economics offers a state-of-the-art overview of the field. The book surveys the entire body of psychological research underpinning behavioral analysis of law, and critically evaluates the core methodological questions of this area of research. The book then discusses the fundamental normative questions stemming from the psychological findings on bounded rationality, and explores their implications for establishing the aims of legislation, and the means of attaining them. This is followed by a systematic and critical examination of the contributions of behavioral studies to all major fields of law—property, contracts, consumer protection, torts, corporate, securities regulation, antitrust, administrative, constitutional, international, criminal, and evidence law—as well as to the behavior of key players in the legal arena: litigants and judicial decision-makers.

A New Narrative?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Nowakowska
Keyword(s):  
Master Narratives ◽  
European Context ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Our three existing master narratives of the early Reformation in Poland are all over a century old and mutually contradictory, drawing on different sources to serve differing confessional and national/ist agendas. This chapter offers a fresh narrative of the impact of Lutheranism on the Polish composite monarchy to c.1540, synthesizing these older accounts and updating them with new research findings. This is a narrative in three parts: early signs (1517–24), the great Reformation year (1525), and aftershocks (1526–40). The chapter discusses the challenges of measuring ‘Lutheran’ sentiment, sets these Polish-Prussian events clearly in their comparative European context, and considers what implications they might have for that bigger, familiar tale. It stresses the precocity of Sigismund I’s monarchy, which saw the most far-reaching urban and violent Reformation in 1520s Europe (Danzig), a peasant Reformation rising, and Christendom’s first territorial-princely Reformation, in Ducal Prussia.

scholarly journals Common Treatment, Common Variant: Evolutionary Prediction of Functional Pharmacogenomic Variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Laura B. Scheinfeldt ◽  
Andrew Brangan ◽  
Dara M. Kusic ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Neda Gharani
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Common Variant ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Mendelian Disease ◽  
Allele Frequency Distribution ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Patient Race ◽  
The Impact

Pharmacogenomics holds the promise of personalized drug efficacy optimization and drug toxicity minimization. Much of the research conducted to date, however, suffers from an ascertainment bias towards European participants. Here, we leverage publicly available, whole genome sequencing data collected from global populations, evolutionary characteristics, and annotated protein features to construct a new in silico machine learning pharmacogenetic identification method called XGB-PGX. When applied to pharmacogenetic data, XGB-PGX outperformed all existing prediction methods and identified over 2000 new pharmacogenetic variants. While there are modest pharmacogenetic allele frequency distribution differences across global population samples, the most striking distinction is between the relatively rare putatively neutral pharmacogene variants and the relatively common established and newly predicted functional pharamacogenetic variants. Our findings therefore support a focus on individual patient pharmacogenetic testing rather than on clinical presumptions about patient race, ethnicity, or ancestral geographic residence. We further encourage more attention be given to the impact of common variation on drug response and propose a new ‘common treatment, common variant’ perspective for pharmacogenetic prediction that is distinct from the types of variation that underlie complex and Mendelian disease. XGB-PGX has identified many new pharmacovariants that are present across all global communities; however, communities that have been underrepresented in genomic research are likely to benefit the most from XGB-PGX’s in silico predictions.

Reflections on the biochemistry ofEchinococcus: past, present and future

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1643-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. McMANUS
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Tegumental Surface ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
General Metabolism ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYThis review discusses 5 of my earliest papers on the biochemistry of larvalEchinococcuspublished inParasitologyin the 1970s and 1980s. Two of the publications consider aspects of the basic biochemistry, intermediary metabolism and the regulation of respiratory pathways inE. granulosusandE. multilocularis, and emphasize the existence of inter- and intra-species variation in their general metabolism. The third reports on the detailed biochemical analysis of the tegumental surface of the protoscolex ofE. granulosus, and the final 2 papers describe the genomic cloning ofEchinococcusDNA fragments and their use, along with other DNA markers, in molecular identification ofE. granulosusisolates collected worldwide from areas endemic for hydatid disease. A number of years have elapsed since these publications inParasitologyand, in this Centenary Issue article, I reflect briefly on some of the subsequent studies undertaken in these research areas that have advanced the field. As well, I provide brief insight on new research directions, emphasizing the impact of molecular biology and associated techniques on future studies ofEchinococcusand hydatid disease.

The Impact of Between-Wave Engagement Strategies on Response to a Longitudinal Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cleary ◽  
Nigel Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Maintaining participant engagement in longitudinal surveys has been a key focus of survey research, and has implications for the quality of response and cost of administration. This paper presents new research measuring the impact of the design of between-wave keeping-in-touch mailings on response to the mailing and subsequent wave of a longitudinal survey. Three design attributes of the mailings were randomly implemented: the form of response request (whether respondents were asked to respond only if their address had changed, or in all cases to confirm or update their address); the newsletter included with the mailing (contrasting a newsletter with content tailored to respondent characteristics with a general newsletter and no newsletter); and the outgoing postage used (stamped or franked). The experiments were fielded on a new longitudinal study, the English and Welsh Civil and Social Justice Panel Survey (CSJPS), and took place between waves one and two. Fieldwork for both waves was conducted by Ipsos MORI face-to-face interviewers. Our main finding was that the tailored newsletter was associated with a significant increase in the wave-two response rate. However, in relation to response to the request, the tailored newsletter, or sending no newsletter at all, were equally effective at inducing response, and significantly better than the general newsletter. We also found that, in relation to the form of request, the ‘change of address’ request was as effective as the more costly ‘confirmation’ request. Findings are discussed with reference to the design of keeping-in-touch mailings for longitudinal surveys.

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