Introduction to Interrelated Biology of Age-Associated Chronic Diseases and Cancer: Chronic Inflammation, a Common Denominator in Morbidity and Mortality

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahin Khatami
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Denominator

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is a Common Denominator Linking Skeletal Muscle Wasting Due to Disease, Aging, and Prolonged Inactivity

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Hayden W. Hyatt ◽  
Scott K. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Wasting ◽  
Vital Functions

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the body and is required for numerous vital functions, including breathing and locomotion. Notably, deterioration of skeletal muscle mass is also highly correlated to mortality in patients suffering from chronic diseases (e.g., cancer). Numerous conditions can promote skeletal muscle wasting, including several chronic diseases, cancer chemotherapy, aging, and prolonged inactivity. Although the mechanisms responsible for this loss of muscle mass is multifactorial, mitochondrial dysfunction is predicted to be a major contributor to muscle wasting in various conditions. This systematic review will highlight the biochemical pathways that have been shown to link mitochondrial dysfunction to skeletal muscle wasting. Importantly, we will discuss the experimental evidence that connects mitochondrial dysfunction to muscle wasting in specific diseases (i.e., cancer and sepsis), aging, cancer chemotherapy, and prolonged muscle inactivity (e.g., limb immobilization). Finally, in hopes of stimulating future research, we conclude with a discussion of important future directions for research in the field of muscle wasting.

Modern concepts of etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Maria Yu. Abramova ◽  
Mikhail I. Churnosov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Issue ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Distant Future

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and complicates its course in 2-8% of all cases. According to the literature, the disease is associated with an increase in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, and is a predictor of the development of chronic diseases in the distant future, which is an important medical and social issue. Of particular interest is the study of the molecular mechanisms of etiopathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia, which, unfortunately, are currently poorly studied and understood, thus dictating the need for further study of this complication of pregnancy. This article discusses the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia.

scholarly journals The Alkaline Diet: Is There Evidence That an Alkaline pH Diet Benefits Health?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry K. Schwalfenberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Alkaline Ph

This review looks at the role of an alkaline diet in health. Pubmed was searched looking for articles on pH, potential renal acid loads, bone health, muscle, growth hormone, back pain, vitamin D and chemotherapy. Many books written in the lay literature on the alkaline diet were also reviewed and evaluated in light of the published medical literature. There may be some value in considering an alkaline diet in reducing morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases and further studies are warranted in this area of medicine.

scholarly journals Delayed Surgical Site Infection by Tuberculosis – A Rising Cause of Concern ?

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mazid ◽  
MM Rahim ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Pyogenic Infection ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Wound Tissue

Background: Surgical site infections causes significant morbidity and mortality of patients and causes more difficult to treat if unexpected cause behind the infection like tuberculosis. Delayed surgical site infection after initial healing are uncomfortable for both surgeons and patient.Methods: Wound tissue from 18 patients with delayed surgical site infection not responding to antibiotics used for pyogenic infection were collected and examined histopathologically.Results: Of the 18 patients, 9 revealed histologically tuberculosis, 7 non-specific chronic inflammation and others showed foreign body granulomma. Association between histopathological report and incidence of tuberculosis is significant (p<0.001) and association between onset of infection and incidence of tuberculosis also significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: A high degree of suspicion is required in case of delayed or recurrent surgical site infection to diagnose tuberculosis as a cause.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 186-189

scholarly journals Age-associated chronic diseases require age-old medicine: Role of chronic inflammation

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. S29-S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahdeo Prasad ◽  
Bokyung Sung ◽  
Bharat B. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Diseases

Rheumatoid arthritis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Bawa ◽  
Paul Wordsworth
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Great Benefit ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Western World ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
The Core

♦ Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common disabling chronic diseases of the Western world.♦ New biologic treatments have provided great benefit in the management of this condition, reducing morbidity and mortality.♦ RA diagnosis requires careful clinical, biochemical, and radiological assessment♦ Rheumatoid factor is not a reliable diagnostic test for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)♦ The core of its management requires careful input from all members of the multidisciplinary team.

scholarly journals Mechanical Stress as the Common Denominator between Chronic Inflammation, Cancer, and Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Levy Nogueira ◽  
Jorgelindo da Veiga Moreira ◽  
Gian Franco Baronzio ◽  
Bruno Dubois ◽  
Jean-Marc Steyaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) as a Biomarker of Systemic Chronic Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen ◽  
Jens Emil Vang Petersen ◽  
Jesper Eugen-Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Urokinase Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Receptor

Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) is persistent, health-damaging, low-grade inflammation that plays a major role in immunosenescence and in development and progression of many diseases. But currently, there are no recognized standard biomarkers to assess SCI levels alone, and SCI is typically measured by combining biomarkers of acute inflammation and infection, e.g., CRP, IL-6, and TNFα. In this review, we highlight 10 properties and characteristics that are shared by the blood protein soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and SCI, supporting the argument that suPAR is a biomarker of SCI: (1) Expression and release of suPAR is upregulated by immune activation; (2) uPAR and suPAR exert pro-inflammatory functions; (3) suPAR is associated with the amount of circulating immune cells; (4) Blood suPAR levels correlate with the levels of established inflammatory biomarkers; (5) suPAR is minimally affected by acute changes and short-term influences, in contrast to many currently used markers of systemic inflammation; (6) Like SCI, suPAR is non-specifically associated with multiple diseases; (7) suPAR and SCI both predict morbidity and mortality; (8) suPAR and SCI share the same risk factors; (9) suPAR is associated with risk factors and outcomes of inflammation above and beyond other inflammatory biomarkers; (10) The suPAR level can be reduced by anti-inflammatory interventions and treatment of disease. Assessing SCI has the potential to inform risk for morbidity and mortality. Blood suPAR is a newer biomarker which may, in fact, be a biomarker of SCI since it is stably associated with inflammation and immune activation; shares the same risk factors as many age-related diseases; is both elevated by and predicts age-related diseases. There is strong evidence that suPAR is a prognostic marker of adverse events, morbidity, and mortality. It is associated with immune activity and prognosis across diverse conditions, including kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. Thus, we think it likely represents a common underlying disease-process shared by many diseases; that is, SCI. We review the supporting literature and propose a research agenda that can help test the hypothesis that suPAR indexes SCI, with the potential of becoming the new gold standard for measuring SCI.

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