Modern concepts of etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and complicates its course in 2-8% of all cases. According to the literature, the disease is associated with an increase in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, and is a predictor of the development of chronic diseases in the distant future, which is an important medical and social issue. Of particular interest is the study of the molecular mechanisms of etiopathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia, which, unfortunately, are currently poorly studied and understood, thus dictating the need for further study of this complication of pregnancy. This article discusses the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors for preeclampsia.

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Maternal and perinatal mortality, morbidity and risk factor evaluation in ante partum hemorrhage associated with Placenta Praevia

Bangladesh Critical Care Journal ◽

10.3329/bccj.v1i2.17197 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 65-70

Author(s):

Farhana Kalam ◽

Mohammad Omar Faruq ◽

Saleha Begum Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Hemorrhagic Shock ◽

Post Partum ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Placenta Praevia ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the maternal & perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with Placenta Praevia in Bangladesh. To assess the risk factors of antepartum hemorrhage associated with Placenta Praevia. Design: A cross sectional observational hospital based descriptive study. Setting: Obstetric inpatient units of two tertiary care teaching hospitals of Dhaka. Participants: One hundred pregnant mothers with diagnosis or Placenta Praevia proven by pelvic ultra sonography presenting with ante partum hemorrhage . Outcome: Incidence of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and risk factors of ante partum hemorrhage in Placenta Praevia. Results: 38% study mothers had no ante natal care. There was no maternal death. 96% of mothers were delivered by Caesarean Section. Incidence of primary post partum hemorrhage was 38%. There were 21% still birth and 16% neonatal death. 47% mothers had no complication after delivery. 22% mothers presented with hemorrhagic shock. 59% delivered babies had birth weight below 2.5 kg and 55% delivered babies had no complication. 57% mothers belonged to low socio economic group. Conclusion: The study reflects status of mothers presenting with Placenta Praevia with perinatal morbidity and mortality in a small urban population of Bangladesh treated at two tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka. It is recommended that mothers with Placenta Praevia need to have access to prenatal care and at the same time need to be educated about the benefit of prenatal care. Emergency management of ante partum hemorrhage with hemorrhagic shock should be widely available to improve the outcome of Placenta Praevia in our population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v1i2.17197 Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2013; 1 (2): 65-70

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Plenum of the All-Union Scientific Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj63095 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 71-72

Author(s):

Z. Sh. Gilyazutdinova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Plenary Session ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Chronic Tonsillitis ◽

Scientific Society ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Topical Issue

The plenary session was devoted to the topical issue of reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in late toxicosis of pregnant women. Attention was drawn to the risk factors in the development of this pathology and, first of all, to extragenital diseases of the mother: kidney disease (G. M. Savelyeva, V. N. Serov), chronic tonsillitis, high infectious index in childhood, tonsillectomy during menarche.

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The Unborn and Newborn Child. II: Risk Factors Predicting Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality in 4,138 Infants

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica ◽

10.3109/00016348909006143 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 68 (8) ◽

pp. 707-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kirsten Holst ◽

Inge Henningsen ◽

Jørgen Hilden

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Newborn Child

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Oligohydramnios and its perinatal outcome

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 4965

Author(s):

Rita Saxena ◽

Brinda Patel ◽

Anjana Verma

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Perinatal Outcome ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Nicu Admission

Background: Oligohydramnios is one of the major causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The sonographic diagnosis of oligohydramnios is usually based on an AFI≤5 cm or on a single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid≤2 cm3. Our study was aimed to study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. Aim and objective were to study obstetric risk factors associated with oligohydramnios and maternal outcome in the form of mode of delivery, and to assess neonatal complications in terms of APGAR score at birth, NICU admission rates, meconium stained liquor and still birth rates.Methods: It was an Observational, Prospective, clinical study of 100 pregnant patients diagnosed with oligohydramnios by ultrasound, carried out in Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur for period of from January 2020-August 2020. The study was conducted after ethical clearance and with informed consent. Detailed history on demographic profile, medical illness, obstetric history and antenatal complication if any in the present pregnancy; general examination, obstetric examination and bimanual examination were performed meticulously.Results: In our study 53% cases of oligohydramnios were associated with some of the risk factors like PIH (29%), IUGR (22%), fetal anomaly (1%), systemic maternal disease (1%) and 47% of the cases were Idiopathic. LSCS was done in 85.71% cases with AFI<5 cm. Low birth weight was found in 51.43% cases with AFI<5 cm. NICU admission was required for 28.57% cases with AFI<5 cm.Conclusions: AFI is an important and convenient screening test for prediction of perinatal outcome. In presence of oligohydramnios, the risk of fetal distress, operative delivery, low Apgar score, low birth weight, perinatal morbidity and mortality are more. Hence early detection of oligohydramnios, associated antenatal risk factors and timely management can improve the maternal and fetal outcome.

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Studying the Birth Outcome in Tikrit Teaching Hospital

International Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32441/ijms.v1i1.43 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 55-57

Author(s):

Areej Noaman

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Healthy Baby ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Healthy Mother

Background : A successful birth outcome is defined as the birth of a healthy baby to a healthy mother. While relatively low in industrialized world, maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and neonatal deaths occur disproportionately in developing countries. Aim of the Study: To assess birth outcome and identify some risk factors affecting it for achieving favorable birth outcome in Tikrit Teaching Hospital

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EFFECT OF HERBAL TEA ON WEIGHT AND FITNESS OF ADULT

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v23i2pp267-271 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

ARCHANA SINGH ◽

TRAPTI SEN

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Age Group ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Herbal Tea

Herbal tea is full of many medicinal qualities. It’s claimed that they can help with everything from easing a cold and indigestion to fighting infection and nausea. Dietary and lifestyle behaviors among adolescents are risk factors for several chronic diseases in adulthood. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of Herbal Tea on weight and fitness. One hundred adolescents of age group 20-35 years in Agra district were selected and significant effects of herbal tea were observed on the health in youth.

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Molecular Mechanisms Linking Nutrition to Metabolic Homeostasis: An Overview Picture of Current Understanding

Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression ◽

10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2020037120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 543-564

Author(s):

Carla Pignatti ◽

Stefania D'Adamo ◽

Flavio Flamigni ◽

Silvia Cetrulllo

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Current Understanding ◽

Metabolic Homeostasis

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Review of the Literature Examining the Association of Serum Uric Acid with Osteoporosis and Mechanistic Insights into Its Effect on Bone Metabolism

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530318666181102115106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 259-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Neelam Kaushal ◽

Divya Vohora ◽

Rajinder K Jalali ◽

Sujeet Jha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Association Studies ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Age Related

Background And Objective:Osteoporosis is a common bone disorder that increases susceptibility to fragility bone fractures. The clinical and public health repercussions of osteoporosis are huge due to the morbidity, mortality, and cost of medical care linked with fragility fractures. Clinical assessment of osteoporotic risk factors can help to identify candidates at an early stage that will benefit from medical intervention and potentially lowering the morbidity and mortality seen with fractures and complications. Given this, research is ongoing to evaluate the association of osteoporosis with some novel or less well-studied risk factors/bio-markers such as uric acid (UA).Discussion:Uric acid’s antioxidant activity has been proposed to be one of the factors responsible for increasing longevity and lowering rates of age-related cancers during primate evolution, the level of which increased markedly due to loss of uricase enzyme activity (mutational silencing). Accumulated evidence shows that oxidative stress is the fundamental mechanism of age-related bone loss and acts via enhancing osteoclastic activity and increasing bone resorption. Antioxidant substances such as ascorbic acid scavenge free radicals are positively related to bone health. Thus, it is hypothesized that uric acid holds bone-protective potential owing to its potent antioxidative property. Several correlation studies have been conducted globally to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid with bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Few pre-clinical studies have tried to investigate the interaction between uric acid and bone mineral density and reported important role played via Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)/core-binding factor subunit alpha-1 (CBF-alpha-1), Wingless-related integration site (Wnt)-3a/β-catenin signaling pathway and 11β Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase type 1.Conclusion:In this review, the authors provided a comprehensive summary of the literature related to association studies reported in humans as well work done until date to understand the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms that interplay between uric acid and bone metabolism.

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Preterm Delivery; Who Is at Risk?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2279

Author(s):

Dvora Kluwgant ◽

Tamar Wainstock ◽

Eyal Sheiner ◽

Gali Pariente

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Placental Abruption ◽

Placenta Previa ◽

Population Based ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Multiple Gestations ◽

Extremely Preterm

Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Adverse effects of preterm birth have a direct correlation with the degree of prematurity, in which infants who are born extremely preterm (24–28 weeks gestation) have the worst outcomes. We sought to determine prominent risk factors for extreme PTB and whether these factors varied between various sub-populations with known risk factors such as previous PTB and multiple gestations. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Risk factors were examined in cases of extreme PTB in the general population, as well as various sub-groups: singleton and multiple gestations, women with a previous PTB, and women with indicated or induced PTB. A total of 334,415 deliveries were included, of which 1155 (0.35%) were in the extreme PTB group. Placenta previa (OR = 5.8, 95%CI 4.14–8.34, p < 0.001), multiple gestations (OR = 7.7, 95% CI 6.58–9.04, p < 0.001), and placental abruption (OR = 20.6, 95%CI 17.00–24.96, p < 0.001) were the strongest risk factors for extreme PTB. In sub-populations (multiple gestations, women with previous PTB and indicated PTBs), risk factors included placental abruption and previa, lack of prenatal care, and recurrent pregnancy loss. Singleton extreme PTB risk factors included nulliparity, lack of prenatal care, and placental abruption. Placental abruption was the strongest risk factor for extreme preterm birth in all groups, and risk factors did not differ significantly between sub-populations.

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