Public Health Intelligence and the Internet: Current State of the Art

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Kyong Shin ◽  
Arash Shaban-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Current State

scholarly journals Generate, Segment, and Refine: Towards Generic Manipulation Segmentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 13058-13065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Bor-Chun Chen ◽  
Xintong Han ◽  
Mahyar Najibi ◽  
Abhinav Shrivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Training Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Image Generation ◽  
Image Sharing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Photo Editing ◽  
Traditional Work ◽  
False News

Detecting manipulated images has become a significant emerging challenge. The advent of image sharing platforms and the easy availability of advanced photo editing software have resulted in a large quantities of manipulated images being shared on the internet. While the intent behind such manipulations varies widely, concerns on the spread of false news and misinformation is growing. Current state of the art methods for detecting these manipulated images suffers from the lack of training data due to the laborious labeling process. We address this problem in this paper, for which we introduce a manipulated image generation process that creates true positives using currently available datasets. Drawing from traditional work on image blending, we propose a novel generator for creating such examples. In addition, we also propose to further create examples that force the algorithm to focus on boundary artifacts during training. Strong experimental results validate our proposal.

scholarly journals Current Review of Delta Variant of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Selia Chowdhury ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Bappy ◽  
Samia Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Shahraj Chowdhury ◽  
Nurjahan Shipa Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Capability Of Detection

Mutations are causing SARS-CoV-2 to alter its genetic structure to improve its potential to elude the immune system, making vaccine buildout against the virus more difficult. Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have been found up to this point; based on their impact on public health some are considered variants of concern (VOCs) and some are considered variants of interests. VOCs are linked to superior transmissibility, a decline in neutralization by natural or vaccine induced antibodies, evading capability of detection, and a reduction in the efficacy of vaccines or therapeutics. In this article, a SARS-CoV-2 subtype, known as Delta, has been revised to provide the current state of the art and an appropriate foundation for future research works. The evolution, pathogenesis, current trends of transmission, associated symptoms, suggested prevention and treatments, and vaccine efficacy of Delta variant are reviewed and discussed.

Supporting Knowledge Management and Collaboration in Research Communities Using Automatically Created Research Portals

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jörg Becker ◽  
Tobias Heide ◽  
Ralf Knackstedt ◽  
Matthias Steinhorst
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Design Science Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Communities

Research portals have been proposed as a means of managing knowledge and fostering collaboration in research communities. However, implementing and maintaining a research portal is costly and involves a lot of technical knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research portal generator designed to automatically create such portals. The generator provides a configurable set of knowledge management and collaboration features. The purpose of the generator is to ease the process of setting up and using a research portal. The paper contributes to promoting research portals as a means of sharing knowledge and facilitating collaboration in research communities. Following a design science research process, the authors derive objectives for a research portal generator, iteratively implement these objectives, and evaluate the functionality of the created portals against the current state of the art of 813 research portals. They demonstrate that portals created by the generator exhibit a consistently higher level of maturity than research portals currently present on the Internet.

scholarly journals Ensuring Confidentiality of Geocoded Health Data: Assessing Geographic Masking Strategies for Individual-Level Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Zandbergen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Random Perturbation ◽  
Health Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Current State ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Geocoded Data

Public health datasets increasingly use geographic identifiers such as an individual’s address. Geocoding these addresses often provides new insights since it becomes possible to examine spatial patterns and associations. Address information is typically considered confidential and is therefore not released or shared with others. Publishing maps with the locations of individuals, however, may also breach confidentiality since addresses and associated identities can be discovered through reverse geocoding. One commonly used technique to protect confidentiality when releasing individual-level geocoded data is geographic masking. This typically consists of applying a certain amount of random perturbation in a systematic manner to reduce the risk of reidentification. A number of geographic masking techniques have been developed as well as methods to quantity the risk of reidentification associated with a particular masking method. This paper presents a review of the current state-of-the-art in geographic masking, summarizing the various methods and their strengths and weaknesses. Despite recent progress, no universally accepted or endorsed geographic masking technique has emerged. Researchers on the other hand are publishing maps using geographic masking of confidential locations. Any researcher publishing such maps is advised to become familiar with the different masking techniques available and their associated reidentification risks.

ADVANCES IN NETWORK INFORMATION DISCOVERY AND RETRIEVAL

1995 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID EICHMANN
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Information Superhighway ◽  
Information Discovery ◽  
Information Spaces ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
The World

Access to information using the Internet has undergone dramatic change and expansion recently. The unrivaled success of the World Wide Web has altered the Internet from something approachable only by the initiated to something of a media craze — the information superhighway made manifest in the personal "home page". This paper surveys the beginnings of network information discovery and retrieval, how the Web has created a surprising level of integration of these systems, and where the current state of the art lies in creating globally accessible information spaces and supporting access to those information spaces.

scholarly journals How can eHealth enhance adherence to cancer therapy and supportive care?

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Bateman ◽  
Dorothy Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health Related

eHealth is currently a hot topic, but is certainly not a new one. The use of communications technology to relay health-related information or provide medical services has been around since the advent of this technology. It has been primarily over the last decade that eHealth has seen a global expansion, due to the far-reaching capabilities of the Internet and the widespread use of wireless technology. This paper will outline what eHealth is, what adherence is, and how eHealth can help with adherence, in cancer and supportive care particularly. It will discuss the current state of the art, and project into the future.

scholarly journals MOVI-da 10! An Active Breaks Programme to Improve Health and Cognitive Performance in Preschool Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairena Sánchez López ◽  
◽  
Abel Ruiz Hermosa ◽  
Vicente Martínez Vizcaíno ◽  
Andrés Redondo Tébar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Active Breaks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Improve Health

The first part of this book describes the background and the current state of the art through a summary about: obesity and sedentary lifestyles as one of today’s main public health problems; the relationship between PA, obesity and academic and cognitive performance; and the most recent findings on PA in the classroom, as a tool to improve health and cognitive performance in early childhood. The first part also details the aims and methodology used in the MOVI-da 10! study. The second part specifies the characteristics of the MOVI-da 10! programme, and provides copiable session plans of the 100 activities used in the programme, which can be of use for any professional interested in implementing PA interventions based on active breaks in the classroom.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Greece Reveals Low Rates of Onward Virus Transmission after Lifting of Travel Restrictions Based on Risk Assessment during Summer 2020

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Georgia Kostaki ◽  
Georgios A. Pavlopoulos ◽  
Kleio-Maria Verrou ◽  
Giannis Ampatziadis-Michailidis ◽  
Vaggelis Harokopos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Current State ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Virus Screening

Our study based on current state-of-the-art molecular epidemiology methods suggests that virus screening and public health measures after the lifting of travel restrictions prevented SARS-CoV-2 onward transmission from imported cases during summer 2020 in Greece. These findings provide important data on the efficacy of targeted public health measures and have important implications regarding the safety of international travel during a pandemic.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS IN POLAND WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF THE SOCIETY’S AWARENESS OF THE IOT

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Szczepan Paszkiel ◽  
Maciej Matusik
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article includes the description of the current development of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Poland with special consideration of the society’s awareness of the IoT. In the recent years, the Internet of Things has been gaining an increasing number of supporters. The interest in this topic of many corporations from the discipline of IT and state-of-the-art technologies is especially important in this scope. The market observation in the recent years has shown that the IoT may become a widespread technology in many homes, which is why it is important to build awareness of the IoT among the Poles. The conducted survey studies were aimed at verifying the current state of the Polish society’s knowledge about the IoT, which is presented in this article. The article also includes the description of possible future implementations of the IoT and characterisation of the correlation between the IoT and other rapidly developing technologies.

scholarly journals Spatial statistical methods in health

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor C. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Application Area ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Geographical Epidemiology

The study of the geographical distribution of disease incidence and its relationship to potential risk factors (referred to here as ''geographical epidemiology") has provided, and continues to provide, rich ground for the application and development of statistical methods and models. In recent years increasingly powerful and versatile statistical tools have been developed in this application area. This paper discusses the general classes of problem in geographical epidemiology and reviews the key statistical methods now being employed in each of the application areas identified. The paper does not attempt to exhaustively cover all possible methods and models, but extensive references are provided to further details and to additional approaches. The overall aim is to provide a picture of the "current state of the art" in the use of spatial statistical methods in epidemiological and public health research. Following the review of methods, the main software environments which are available to implement such methods are discussed. The paper concludes with some brief general reflections on the epidemiological and public health implications of the use of spatial statistical methods in health and on associated benefits and problems.

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