Tuning pi untuk stabilitas kecepatan putaran motor induksi 1 fasa pada mesin penyaring bubur kedelai

JURNAL ELTEK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Achmad Afandi ◽  
Mila Fauziyah Fauziyah ◽  
Denda Dewatama
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Pi Method ◽  
Filter Tube ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
No Innovation

Perusahaan tahu di Indonesia pada umumnya, masih menggunakan cara manual, dalam pembuatannya khususnya pada proses penyaringan bubur kedelai yang membutuhkan waktu yang, lama. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada belum ditemukannya mesin pemeras bubur kedelai. Dewasa ini telah ditemukan inovasi mesin, pemeras bubur kedelai yang bisa meningkatkan kuantitas dan, kualitas produksi dibanding dengan cara manual. Penerapan, teknologinya adalah bubur kedelai diletakkan pada tabung, penyaring kemudian tabung tersebut diputar menggunakan motor, yang dihubungkan melalui fanbelt dan pulley. Ketika motor, diputar, tabung akan ikut berputar sehingga menimbulkan gerak, sentrifugal dimana air kedelai akan terpisah dari ampas. Kecepatan putar motor yang dikontrol adalah 750 rpm dengan, nilai Kp 0,108 , Ki 0,83 sehingga mendapatkan air sari kedelai, sebesar 1,3 liter dengan perbandingan 1 kg kedelai : 1 liter air. Parameter dari penerapan metode PI ini meliputi rise time 4 detik, settling time 4,5 detik, overshoot 0 dan error steady state 2,4%. Dengan penerapan metode PI maka hasil perasan kedelai dari, peyaringan menjadi semakin banyak dan waktu yang dibutuhkan 4 menit lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan cara konvensional.   Tofu companies in Indonesia generally still use manual methods in their manufacture, especially in the soybean slurry screening process which certainly has many disadvantages such as extortion time needed. This was based on the fact that there was no innovation in the soybean pulp squeezer. Currently, it has been found that innovations of soybean slurry machines can increase the quantity and quality of production compared to manual methods. The application of the technology is soybean slurry placed on the filter tube then the tube is rotated using a motor connected with fanbelt and pulley. When the motor is rotated, the tube will rotate, causing centrifugal motion where the soybean water will separate from the pulp. The speed of the motor controlled in 750 rpm with the Kp 0,108, Ki 0,83, to get soybean essence up to 1,3 liter within comparison 1 kg soybean : 1 liter water. The parameter PI method including rise time 4 second, settling time 4,5 second, overshoot 0 and error steady state 2,4%. By applying PI method, the result of filtering is 4 minute faster comparing with conventional method.

EML Thoron Gas Measurements

1994 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.O. Knutson ◽  
A.C. George ◽  
P. Shebell ◽  
C.V. Gogolak
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Filter Tube ◽  
Current Measuring ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
Indoor Air Flow

Abstract The Environmental Measurements Laboratory's experience with two methods of measuring thoron gas, and its findings on the feasibility of using these measurements to diagnose indoor air flow paths, are presented. One method is an updated version of the two-filter tube, and the other is a modified Falk-More-Nyblom delayed coincidence method. Measurements made with these instruments in six houses indicated that thoron concentrations are very low (median about 11 Bq.m-3); this is consistent with values previously reported for US housing. Both methods had difficulty measuring these low levels, particularly in houses with high radon gas levels. At one house, thoron levels measured outdoors over bare earth were higher than indoor levels. At the low levels encountered and with the current measuring technology, it seems unlikely that thoron gas measurements can be used to trace indoor air motion.

A new method for shear‐wave logging

Geophysics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chōrō Kitsunezaki
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Single Point ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Borehole Wall ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Neutral Buoyancy ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Sonic Log ◽  
Receiver System ◽  
Filter Tube

Reliable evaluation of shear (S) wave characteristics in boreholes may be facilitated by the system proposed here, in a wide variety of geologic conditions and depths. The measurements can be done with a sonde, suspended freely in water contained in a borehole. The main part of the sonde consists of a source, a filter tube, and receivers. In this system, the wave field is treated approximately as that in an infinite homogeneous solid medium, because the wavelength is sufficiently longer than the borehole diameter. The source behaves as a single point force. The direct S‐wave is detected on a line (borehole axis) perpendicular to the force axis, in which pre‐dominant radiation of shear wave is expected. This fact is completely different from some modified systems of sonic log, in which (shear wave) is the converted‐refracted wave propagating as the shear wave along a borehole wall. The proposed source system is the (indirect‐excitation type), wherein the force is applied to a borehole wall indirectly through a pressure distribution of doublet‐type excited in the water. Based on its principle, this source system eliminates generation of dilatational noise waves and also assures operation at greater depths because no work is done against the external pressure, as a whole, at the source. The proposed receiver system is the suspension type, wherein horizontal motion of the borehole wall (ground motion of S‐wave) is detected through corresponding water motion by a detector of neutral buoyancy. The fundamental applicability of this logging system was confirmed by experiments at shallow depths.

scholarly journals On-line fault diagnosis model for rigid ceramic filters based on outlet concentration and dynamic pressure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfei Liu ◽  
Zhongli Ji ◽  
Xin Luan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Ceramic Filters ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Outlet Concentration ◽  
Filter Tube ◽  
On Line ◽  
Pulse Jet

Sudden fractures in rigid ceramic filter tubes hinder the stable long-term operation of advanced power-generation processes. In this study, Time difference of arrival (TDOA) of dynamic pressure in the inner wall of filter during pulse jet cleaning process and outlet concentration with diameter of leakage during filtration and pulse jet cleaning process are investigated using high frequency sensors and optical particle spectrometry. The outlet concentrations measured under different leakage agreed with the theoretical values, with the peak outlet concentration being 2.5 times greater than stable outlet concentration. There is a linear relationship between leakage aperture and theoretical outlet concentration in leaking ceramic filter tubes. A positioning model that can precisely locate the leaking ceramic filter tube using the time difference in the dynamic pressure as measured at different positions is established. This research can quickly and accurately determine whether a ceramic filter tube is broken and location of breakage.

scholarly journals Coal Ash Content Measurement Based on Pseudo-Dual Energy X-ray Transmission

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Xiufeng Zhang ◽  
Long Liang ◽  
Taiyou Li ◽  
Jiakun Tan ◽  
Xingguo Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Content Measurement ◽  
Filter Tube ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Wave Filter

The real-time ash content measurement is the fundamental condition for the timely adjustment and intelligent control of operation parameters in coal production and utilization industry. In the present work, a real-time ash content analyzer based on the pseudo-dual energy X-ray transmission was developed. The feasibility of this X-ray ash content analyzer was validated by the linear relationship between ash content and five characteristic parameters of X-ray. The conditions of wave filter, tube voltage, and tube current were optimized. The comparison between the ash contents measured by muffle furnace and the X-ray ash content analyzer was conducted in laboratory and industry. It was found that the absolute error was smaller than 1% for clean coal with ash content of approximately 10%, and the possibility of the absolute error smaller than 0.5% was higher than 85%.

A Simplified Technique for Determination of Small Amounts of Calcium as Oxalate

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-365
Author(s):  
Donald D Van Slyke ◽  
Paul E Carson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Solution ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Ceric Sulfate ◽  
Glass Filter ◽  
Oxalate Precipitation ◽  
Oxalate Solution ◽  
Filter Tube

Abstract Procedures for determination of calcium by oxalate precipitation are reviewed, and a method is described in which the calcium oxalate precipitate is both formed and washed in a filter tube with a fritted-glass filter. Washing with saturated calcium oxalate solution is completed in 1-2 min. The washed precipitate is redissolved in perchloric acid solution and the dissolved oxalate is either titrated or determined manometrically by the CO2 evolved from oxidation with ceric sulfate.

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