Status Analysis and Trend Prediction for the Labor Costs of Chinese Construction Industry

Records of the national, average pay rates in the construction industry, at quarterly intervals, allow cost - planning departments of contractors and investment services to assess current market conditions in the construction industry. Price quarterly publications, such as Sekocenbud and Intercenbud, contain important information, enabling production preparation departments to prepare a comparison of the production in-house labor rates with the market production labor rates. The article attempts to analyze the economic situation of domestic construction production in the years 2010-2016 based on the emerging price trends of the of labor cost estimates in this period, taking into account the impact of seasonal construction services. In "Polish cost estimates standards", the labor cost estimate rate is present in one form: the net labor cost estimate rate, which fully corresponds to the rate defined in calculation formulas. The rates of labor cost estimates, in individual regions of Poland, are shaped according to the presented market situations. This clearly is reflected in the periodic (quarterly) regional records of labor rates in the Sekocenbud system. The Act on prices of July 5, 2001 does not contain any normative regulations regarding the methods of cost estimation of construction works. The necessity to remain competitive forces large construction corporations to use a subcontracting system, involving several or even several dozen smaller, specialized in a narrow range of works, business entities in which labor costs are definitely lower, because they are reduced by a lower value of internal costs.

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On the Job, Off the Books: Organizing Against Worker Misclassification in the Neoliberal Era

Critical Sociology ◽

10.1177/08969205211058039 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089692052110580

Author(s):

Michael R. Slone ◽

Timothy Black ◽

Alicia Smith-Tran

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Economic Reform ◽

Industrial Change ◽

Labor Costs ◽

The West ◽

Free Markets ◽

Independent Contractors ◽

Labor Organizing ◽

Managerial Strategy ◽

Neoliberal Restructuring

Worker misclassification is a form of precarious employment in which employers illegally designate their employees as ‘independent contractors’ to cut labor costs. Non-standard employment arrangements and the emergence of the misclassification problem are expressions of neoliberal economic reform and attendant shifts in managerial strategy. Although scholars and government statisticians have documented the prevalence of worker misclassification, extant research on labor-organizing campaigns in response to this practice is lacking. This paper presents case studies of two successful organizing campaigns against worker misclassification: (1) a United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America (UBCJA) effort in the Northeastern construction industry and (2) a Teamsters campaign focused on the West Coast port trucking industry. Both campaigns employ similar frames highlighting competition, free markets, and the necessity of industrial change to achieve these ideals. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects and limitations of these organizing strategies given the countervailing political and economic headwinds posed by neoliberal restructuring.

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Factors Affecting Construction Sector Safety Performance: Exploratory Factor Analysis Evidence from China

Journal of Entrepreneurship & Project management ◽

10.53819/81018102t4031 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 21-33

Author(s):

Sun Zhenyun Jia ◽

◽

Guanzhong Cao Wei ◽

Lin Wu Yutang ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Chinese Economy ◽

Safety Performance ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Profit Margins ◽

The Government ◽

New Infrastructure

Construction industry is a significant contributor to the Chinese economy. The industry has more than 12 million employers with over 250 million employees and creates almost $1.9 trillion worth of structures yearly. Civil construction remains the main driver of growth in China. Basically, a task is developed to meet market demands or demands in a timely fashion. Different possibilities may be thought about in the conceptual drawing board, and also the technical and also financial feasibility of each alternative will be assessed and compared in order to select the very best feasible job. The construction industry in China is forecast to grow by 7.7% in 2021, driven by strong Y-o-Y growth in the first quarter, reflecting the comparison to the previous year's period when construction work was halted across most of the country. Thereafter, the construction industry is expected to record an average annual growth of 4.2% between 2022 and 2025. The industry's growth over the forecast period is expected to be driven by investments on new infrastructure, including investment in the areas of 5G networks, Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, and data centers. According to the government-backed think tank, the China Electronic Information Industry Development, the country is expected to spend CNY10 trillion (US$1.4 trillion) on new infrastructure projects between 2020 and 2025. This study evaluated factors affecting construction sector performance: explanatory factor analysis evidence from China. From the literature reviewed, it was established that entering the Chinese construction market is still seen as exciting but difficult by many foreign contractors and consultants. The study found out that rising material and labor costs, labor woes, increased competition and shrinking profit margins were some of the challenges construction firms in Chin face. The study concludes that the implementation of construction safety laws and the rate of subcontracting are relevant factors affecting construction sector in China, while neither the extent of using temporary workers, nor the availability of resources, nor the level of per capita GDP has any effects. Keywords. Construction sector, safety performance, construction sector, labor costs, increased competition, shrinking profit margins

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Robotics in construction: implementation and economic evaluation

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l89-101 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 678-683 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Osama Moselhi ◽

Stanley Hason

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Building Construction ◽

Skilled Labor ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Construction Sites ◽

Construction Productivity ◽

Construction Robotics ◽

Harsh Climate ◽

The U.S

This paper presents a review of current worldwide efforts in automation and robotization for construction. Over a dozen countries are currently involved in such research efforts to overcome mainly declining productivity, increasing labor costs, hazards in the workplace, and scarcity of skilled labor. Research and development progress of Japanese contractors is emphasized, as they are aggressively introducing robots on site. A number of their leading contractors are visited, and applications of robotic equipment utilized on building construction sites in Japan are summarized. The Canadian construction industry, existing in a harsh climate and affected by shortages of skilled labor and high labor costs, needs to carefully consider construction robotics in order to meet its changing needs. The characteristics of the Canadian environment are presented and factors that have a direct bearing on the feasibility and implementation of robotics are emphasized. Different methods for the evaluation of the value of a construction robot are presented and applied to a numerical example. Comparisons are then made between the U.S. and Canada. It is believed that, given existing technology, economical constraints will either force or impede the implementation of robotics. Key words: Canadian construction industry, construction robot, automation, building construction, productivity, feasibility.

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The Development and Application of 3D Monitoring Alarm Warning System in Tunnel Construction

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.839 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 501-504 ◽

pp. 839-842 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li Hua Chen ◽

Fu Quan Liao ◽

Ming Ye

Keyword(s):

Data Entry ◽

Warning System ◽

Tunnel Construction ◽

Construction Site ◽

Trend Prediction ◽

Interactive Operation ◽

Safety Work ◽

Database Technology ◽

Visual Construction ◽

Status Analysis

Accidents in the tunnel construction happen frequently. In order to provide a safety work and monitoring environment, 3D monitoring alarm warning system in tunnel construction had been developed based on database technology, communication technology, Creator, Vega Prime and OpenGL. The system provides a variety of browse modes of 3D simulation view for construction personnel to monitor construction site. It also provides the 3D interactive operation, monitoring data entry, query and analysis, construction progress simulation and automatic alarm warning and trend prediction. The system improved the safety status analysis of visual construction site monitoring. In addition, it also improved the construction progress and provided a stable and reliable technical support for safety construction of the first phase of Xiamens airport road Tender JC2 to JC3.

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Analisis Produktivitas Tukang Batu Bata Pada Proyek Pembangunan Asrama Puteri Mandala Wangi 2 di Kota Kendari

Sultra Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.54297/sciej.v2i1.166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45

Author(s):

Al Mustahyun ◽

Sunaryo Sunaryo ◽

La Ode Musa Rahmat ◽

Sufrianto Sufrianto

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Labor Productivity ◽

Labor Cost ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Work Time ◽

Work Activities ◽

Competitive Prices ◽

Time Required

Productivity is one of the fundamental factors that influences the ability of performance in the construction industry. Increasedproductivity will reduce work time, and will reduce costs, especiallylabor costs so that the minimum labor cost is obtained (labor costs)to get competitive prices both for auction and implementation. Thepurpose of this study is to analyze the labor productivity time incompleting 1 m2 of masonry bricks and to analyze the productivityvalue of brick masons in completing work activities in the constructionproject of the Mandala Wangi 2 female dormitory. The results showedthat the time required to complete 1 m2 of brick laying work was 41.13minutes on average. The productivity of the artisans working on the 1stfloor is an average of 1.45 m2/hr. Meanwhile, the productivity ofcraftsmen working on the 2nd floor is an average of 1.47 m2/hr.

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Investigation of the Synthesized Calcium Hydrosilicates Effect on the Properties of Energy-Saving Wall Silicate Blocks Obtained on the Basis of Technogenic Raw Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1043.93 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1043 ◽

pp. 93-99

Author(s):

Aleksandr Volodchenko ◽

Valery Lesovik ◽

Anatoly Volodchenko ◽

Irina Cherepanova

Keyword(s):

Energy Saving ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Average Density ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Calcium Hydrosilicates ◽

Clay Rocks ◽

Injection Technology ◽

Technogenic Raw Materials

Currently, building blocks are widely used in the construction industry, the use of which contributes to an increase in the speed of construction several times, and also reduces labor costs. To obtain wall blocks, various binders are currently used, but the use of composite binders obtained on the basis of new types of raw materials, is relevant. Among the currently non-used natural raw materials, it is possible to single out aluminosilicate rocks, unconventional for the construction industry, characterized by the presence of clay rocks of mineral formation unfinished stage (aggregates) in their composition. Based on the results of the studies carried out, the effect of the synthesized calcium hydrosilicates addition was established as СSH (I) and С2SH(A) on the properties of energy-saving wall silicate blocks obtained on the basis of technogenic aluminosilicate raw materials. The rational content of the СSH (I) additive is 1.5 wt. %, which contributes to an increase in the products’ strength by 30-50%. The optimum lime content in the raw mix is 12 wt. %. The nature of the influence С2SH(A) on the properties of non-autoclave silicate materials obtained by the method of injection technology, in general, coincides with the addition of CSH (I). The resulting material can be used as a structural material (non-supporting structures) inside low-rise buildings and structures. Low average density of this material (1300–1450 kg/m3) indicates the best thermal properties (the thermal conductivity coefficient of the samples is 0.17 W/m·K).

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