Investigation of the Synthesized Calcium Hydrosilicates Effect on the Properties of Energy-Saving Wall Silicate Blocks Obtained on the Basis of Technogenic Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Volodchenko ◽  
Valery Lesovik ◽  
Anatoly Volodchenko ◽  
Irina Cherepanova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Calcium Hydrosilicates ◽  
Clay Rocks ◽  
Injection Technology ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Currently, building blocks are widely used in the construction industry, the use of which contributes to an increase in the speed of construction several times, and also reduces labor costs. To obtain wall blocks, various binders are currently used, but the use of composite binders obtained on the basis of new types of raw materials, is relevant. Among the currently non-used natural raw materials, it is possible to single out aluminosilicate rocks, unconventional for the construction industry, characterized by the presence of clay rocks of mineral formation unfinished stage (aggregates) in their composition. Based on the results of the studies carried out, the effect of the synthesized calcium hydrosilicates addition was established as СSH (I) and С2SH(A) on the properties of energy-saving wall silicate blocks obtained on the basis of technogenic aluminosilicate raw materials. The rational content of the СSH (I) additive is 1.5 wt. %, which contributes to an increase in the products’ strength by 30-50%. The optimum lime content in the raw mix is 12 wt. %. The nature of the influence С2SH(A) on the properties of non-autoclave silicate materials obtained by the method of injection technology, in general, coincides with the addition of CSH (I). The resulting material can be used as a structural material (non-supporting structures) inside low-rise buildings and structures. Low average density of this material (1300–1450 kg/m3) indicates the best thermal properties (the thermal conductivity coefficient of the samples is 0.17 W/m·K).

On the Issue of Reducing the Energy Intensity of the Silicate Composites Production with the Unconventional Aluminosilicate Raw Materials Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Volodchenko ◽  
Valery S. Lesovik ◽  
L.K. Zagorodnjuk ◽  
E.S. Glagolev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Clay Rocks

The energy intensity of production of the most common wall materials in Russia is significantly higher than their foreign counterparts. The urgent task is to reduce the energy intensity of the production of building materials, to develop and introduce energy-saving nature-like technologies for the production of building materials, which corresponds to modern trends in the development of "green" technologies. It is possible to reduce the energy intensity of the production of silicate materials due to the transition from traditional raw materials to the use of unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials of various genesis, in particular, clay rocks of the unfinished stage of mineral formation. In the course of the research, the possibility of the synthesis of the new growth in the system “aluminosilicate raw material – calcium hydroxide – water” under the conditions of hydrothermal treatment was shown. Due to the high reactivity of the raw materials used, under the conditions of hydrothermal processing, the synthesis of tumors occurs not only at high pressures and temperatures, but also at temperatures up to 100 °C. This will allow to obtain efficient hollow-walled wall building materials using energy-saving technology.

scholarly journals WALL SILICATE MATERIALS OF NON-AUTOCLAVE HARDENING WITH THE USE OF SILICA RAW MATERIALS AND ALUMINOSILICATE BINDING BASED ON NON-CONVENTIONAL CLAY ROCKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
А. Володченко ◽  
A. Volodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Average Density ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Clay Rocks ◽  
Microstructure Of The Material ◽  
Silicate Materials

Among the used building materials, structural autoclave silicate products occupy one of the leading places. The traditional technology of silicate materials uses autoclave processing of products, the main disadvantage of which is the high energy intensity. In order to create non-autoclave silicate composites based on conventional siliceous raw materials, it is proposed to use a special aluminosilicate binder based on clay rocks of the incomplete stage of mineral formation of a certain genesis and quicklime. The strength of silicate materials is growing as a result of the neoplasm process. They are synthesized in the chemical reaction of quicklime with components of clay rocks when using high pressure and temperature modes in an autoclave, and when steaming with temperatures up to 100 °C. The high specific surface of the aluminosilicate binder provides an increase in the packing density of the material. Due to the structural features of the CaO-SiO2 (Al2O3)-H2O system based on unconventional clay rocks, the process of formation of the microstructure of the material, which continues and after hydrothermal treatment of the products, gives the material hydraulic properties. The proposed binders and their production technologies can be implemented in small and medium-sized businesses, which will allow to obtain competitive non-autoclave silicate materials with a compressive strength of up to 25 MPa and an average density of 1850 kg/m3.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL CALCIUM HYDROSILICATES ON THE HARDENING PROCESSES AND PROPERTIES OF NON-AUTOCLAVE SILICATE MATERIALS BASED ON UNCONVENTIONAL ALUMINOSILICATE RAW MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Volodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Structure Formation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Isothermal Exposure ◽  
Moisture Treatment ◽  
Calcium Hydrosilicates ◽  
Clay Rocks ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Silicate Materials

one of the possible ways to improve the properties of building materials is to modify the processes of structure formation, which can be realized through the use of crystalline primers. In this regard, it is urgent to study the effect of artificial calcium hydrosilicates on hardening processes, as well as the properties of non-autoclave silicate materials based on non-traditional aluminosilicate raw materials. Studies have shown that the addition of artificial calcium hydrosilicates (CSH) in an amount of 1-1.5 wt. %, when the content in the mixture of CaO is less than 10 wt. %, effectively increases the strength parameters of products at all stages of heat and moisture treatment from 8 to 16%. The most intense increase in strength is observed during the heat-moisture treatment (TBO) from 3 to 6 hours and is at least 13%, while in samples without the addition of artificial calcium hydrosilicates, the strength increase is 6%. The addition of artificial calcium hydrosilicates intensifies the processes of structure formation, which ensures an increase in crystalline matter, and, due to the fibrous structure, acts as a fiber, which contributes to the nano-reinforcement of the cementing substance formed from neoplasms in the CaO-SiO2(Al2O3)-H2O system based on clay rocks and calcium oxide. Due to the accelerated set of strength, it is possible to reduce the duration of isothermal exposure while maintaining the necessary performance characteristics.

scholarly journals FORECASTING STRENGTH OF PORTLAND CEMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF FUEL ASHES

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
A. Markov ◽  
A. Bezrodnykh ◽  
I. Markova ◽  
V. Strokova ◽  
T. Dmitrieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Environmental Pressure ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Mineral Additives ◽  
Kinetics Of

Reducing the consumption of the most widespread and expensive in construction inorganic binder of hydration hardening type - Portland cement - is one of the most important tasks for the construction industry. With the current trend of resource- and energy-saving, as well as a decrease in environmental pressure, it is of great interest to use wastes from fuel and energy enterprises in the form of various types of ash (acidic, basic), which are finely dispersed raw materials of mainly aluminosilicate composition that have accumulated in large quantities on our country territories. The paper analyzes the effect of mineral additives in the form of fuel ashes, the use of which provides replacement of part of Portland cement (15-30 % of the total mass of Portland cement, in increments of 5 %), on the kinetics of hardening of the binder. Based on the results of the strength tests of binder samples with additives, calculation of predicted strength was carried out according to the methodology by Sh.M. Rakhimbayev based on transfer theory. As a result, the analysis of the kinetics of the Portland cement hardening was carried out both at early and late hardening periods; efficiency and optimal concentration of fuel ashes depending on type have been established.

scholarly journals The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of porous material.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-2020) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
N. K. Manakova ◽  
◽  
A. A. Seneta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Material ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Far North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

The article discusses the possibility of using industrial waste and mineral raw materials in the Murmansk region to create new heat-insulating materials that contribute to energy saving in the Far North. Optimal conditions were established and compositions were determined for the production of foam silicates based on silica-containing waste.

scholarly journals Remote sensing of the Earth as a part of research of assessing the volume of technogenic raw and the environmental situation during the exploitation of placers

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Viktor Litvintsev ◽  
Vitaly Usikov ◽  
Yulia Ozaryan ◽  
Vladimir Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

It is known that one of the main nowadays problems of subsoil use is the depletion of reserves. Every year many researchers pay attention on mining waste as a source of replenishment of the resource base. Disputes on the prospects of processing technogenic raw materials are relevant. The object of research is the technogenic neoplasms, which were the result of dredging and hydraulic processing of placer gold. The paper presents the results of assessing the prospects and places of application of information technologies, in particular, the analysis of Earth remote sensing data in the design and organization of work to involve technogenic placers in operation. It is shown that these technologies are able to increase the efficiency of work and reduce labor costs at the stage of preliminary study of potential development targets. Possibilities of detailing the infrastructure facilities of the mining and processing complex are considered. It is proposed to use the vegetation index at a non-traditional time for vegetation research in order to isolate coniferous trees on the formed secondary phytocenoses. An area assessment of the technogenic raw materials of the Kerba gold-placer cluster has been carried out. The analysis of the methodological approach based on remote sensing data is carried out. Aspects of natural vegetation restoration in the post-exploitation period are covered. Optimal combinations of raster data channel combinations for the study of the territory within the boundaries of the object under study are proposed.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

Experimental Research on the Qualitative Characteristics of Iron Ores and Ferrous Waste That Can Be Used in Blast Furnace Mixt Injection Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 3835-3842
Author(s):  
Mihai Dumitru Tudor ◽  
Mircea Hritac ◽  
Nicolae Constantin ◽  
Mihai Butu ◽  
Valeriu Rucai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Injection Technology ◽  
Direct Use

Direct use of iron ores in blast furnaces, without prior sintering leads to a reduction in production costs and energy consumption [1,2]. Fine-grained iron ores and iron oxides from ferrous wastes can be used together with coal dust and limestone in mixed injection technology through the furnace tuyeres. In this paper are presented the results of experimental laboratory investigations for establishing the physic-chemical characteristics of fine materials (iron ore, limestone, pulverized coal) susceptible to be used for mixed injection in blast furnace. [1,4]. The results of the experimental research have shown that all the raw materials analyzed can be used for mixt injection in blast furnace.

scholarly journals Wine By-Products as Raw Materials for the Production of Biopolymers and of Natural Reinforcing Fillers: A Critical Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nanni ◽  
Mariafederica Parisi ◽  
Martino Colonna
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
Plastic Industry ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
By Products

The plastic industry is today facing a green revolution; however, biopolymers, produced in low amounts, expensive, and food competitive do not represent an efficient solution. The use of wine waste as second-generation feedstock for the synthesis of polymer building blocks or as reinforcing fillers could represent a solution to reduce biopolymer costs and to boost the biopolymer presence in the market. The present critical review reports the state of the art of the scientific studies concerning the use of wine by-products as substrate for the synthesis of polymer building blocks and as reinforcing fillers for polymers. The review has been mainly focused on the most used bio-based and biodegradable polymers present in the market (i.e., poly(lactic acid), poly(butylene succinate), and poly(hydroxyalkanoates)). The results present in the literature have been reviewed and elaborated in order to suggest new possibilities of development based on the chemical and physical characteristics of wine by-products.

scholarly journals Effect of Fly Ash on Compressive Strength, Drying Shrinkage, and Carbonation Depth of Mortar with Ferronickel-Slag Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Se-Jin Choi ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Bae ◽  
Tae-Gue Oh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Slag Powder ◽  
Ferronickel Slag

In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have continued worldwide. In the construction industry, a large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes. Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures. In this study, we investigated the fluidity, microhydration heat, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and carbonation characteristics of a ternary cement mortar including ferronickel-slag powder and fly ash. According to the test results, the microhydration heat of the FA20FN00 sample was slightly higher than that of the FA00FN20 sample. The 28-day compressive strength of the FA20FN00 mix was approximately 39.6 MPa, which was higher than that of the other samples, whereas the compressive strength of the FA05FN15 mix including 15% of ferronickel-slag powder was approximately 11.6% lower than that of the FA20FN00 mix. The drying shrinkage of the FA20FN00 sample without ferronickel-slag powder was the highest after 56 days, whereas the FA00FN20 sample without fly ash showed the lowest shrinkage compared to the other mixes.

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