The Plant Breeding Station

1991 ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
Hermann Kuckuck ◽  
Gerd Kobabe ◽  
Gerhard Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

scholarly journals Plant breeding in Lithuania: 95 years for science and agriculture improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Ruzgas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Breeding Schemes ◽  
Varietal Purity ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

Plant breeding in Lithuania was started in 1922 after the Dotnuva Plant Breeding Station had been established. The first head of this station was prof. D. Rudzinskas whose activities in plant breeding began in 1902 in Russia. The genetic basis for plant breeding was the local varieties and landraces, as well as the material developed by prof. Rudzinskas at the Moscow Plant Breeding Station. The chief method during the initial period of the Lithuanian plant breeding was analytic, later the so-called, “synthetic” plant breeding which included crossing programmes. The breeders used several selection schemes and field designs. In the first schemes the direct yield test was evaluated in late generations only. Progress in the field mechanization allowed to start yield tests at more early generations. Up-to-date breeding schemes are based on new requirements for varietal purity and uniformity. Over the period 1922–2017, 325 varieties have been developed by Lithuanian plant breeders.

Hill Land Improvement and its Relation To Increased Animal Production

1947 ◽  
Vol 1947 (02) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Moses Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Improvement Scheme ◽  
Land Improvement ◽  
Great Scope ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

This paper in the main deals with the work carried out on the lands of the Cahn Hill Improvement Scheme and also with work carried out by W.A.E.C.s’ and on individual farms in Wales. This work was started by Sir George Stapledon and his colleagues at the Welsh Plant Breeding Station. Mr. Stapledon, as he then was, made a survey of the hinterland of North Cardigan soon after taking up the post of Adviser in Agricultural Botany at Aberystwyth and conceived the idea that there was great scope for improvement on these lands. When he was appointed Director of the W.P.B.S. he and some of his colleagues started small-scale trials at Llety and Bwlch-rosser and afterwards on Captain Bennett Evans’ farms.

IV.—Inheritance of Resistance to Two Strains of Blight (Phytophthora infestans de Bary) in Potatoes

1944 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Black
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The existence in Mexico of blight-resistant species of potato has been known for many years, but they occur in the wild and are quite unsuitable for agricultural purposes. In order to utilise their resistance to disease it is necessary to combine disease resistance with the cropping qualities of cultivated forms while eliminating the undesirable characters which are prominent in the wild forms. Breeding work with this object in view has been in progress at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station for several years, and results obtained in the course of testing progenies for reaction to blight infection are discussed in the following pages.

Ecology: A Science of Nation? The Utilization of Plant Ecology in New Zealand, 1896 - 1930

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Star
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
National Park ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

Following the creation of the Empire Marketing Board in 1926, Australia's development was influenced by an imperial science increasingly aware of ecology. The present paper traces similar New Zealand links in the ecological approach to pasture development promoted in the Dominion by Bruce Levy and fuelled by the vision of George Stapledon of the Welsh Plant Breeding Station, who visited New Zealand in 1926. However, plant ecology came much earlier to New Zealand by way of Leonard Cockayne, who in 1908 used ecological arguments to press for the extension of Tongariro National Park and who saw New Zealand's unique plant associations as emblems of nation rather than endowments of empire. By comparing the application of ecology, in New Zealand at different times, to the separate (though not necessarily opposed) goals of building a nation and supporting an empire, insight is gained into the changing ways in which any science may be drawn into the service of societal priorities and aspirations.

A comparison of spring barley grown in England and in Scotland. 2. Yield and its components

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Ellis ◽  
E. J. M. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Golden Promise ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Plant Breeding Institute ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

SummaryYields of two spring barley varieties, Golden Promise and Maris Mink, were greater at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station (SPBS) than at the Plant Breeding Institute (PBI) in both 1976 and 1977. In both seasons more ears per plant were produced and the number of grains per ear was greater at the SPBS. Weight per grain was greater at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station in both 1976 and 1977, but the distribution of grain size along the ears differed between seasons. Grain at the tip of the ears of plants grown at SPBS in 1976 was lighter than the corresponding grain on the Cambridge-grown plants. In 1977 the SPBS-grown plants had heavier grains at all the main shoot spikelet positions. At the SPBS the relative difference between main shoot and tillers 1 and 2 was smaller than at the PBI.These results are taken to indicate that the combination of climatic factors in Scotland affects plant development in such a way that intraplant competition is reduced and more spikelet primordia survive to form grains and more tillers produce fertile ears.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat Trials

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
A. Ruža ◽  
Dz. Kreita ◽  
M. Krotovs ◽  
S. Maļecka ◽  
V. Stramkale
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The field experiments with ten diverse varieties of winter wheat were laid down according to uniform scheme during 2001 – 2002 at three locations having different soils and agroclimatic conditions: study and research farm “Pēterlauki” of the Latvia University of Agriculture on sod – calcareous medium loam soils, humus content 19 – 21 g kg-1 of soil; at the Stende Plant Breeding Station on sod – podzolio soils, humus content 18 - 19 g kg-1 of soil and at Latgale Science Centre in Viļāni on humus – podzolic gley soils, humus content 65 – 95 g kg-1 of soil. There was observed sharp variation in meteorological conditions during experimental years and quite variable weather conditions between the trial sites. The average results obtained in the experiments suggest that stable increase of winter wheat grain yield was reached increasing fertilizer N rates from N90 to N120 (split application) thus ensuring grain yield increase 1 to 20 kg per 1 kg N applied. The crude protein yield 2,8 – 3,47 kg per 1 kg N applied was obtained from trial plots at the study and research farm “Pēterlauki” and at the Stende Plant Breeding Station. The mineral N use efficiency was considerably lower in humus – rich soils in Viļāni. The increase of fertilizer N rate up to N180 (split application) resulted in gradual decrease of nitrogen use efficiency, and utilization coefficient was to a great extent depended on meteorological conditions during vegetation period.

scholarly journals NEW EARLY VARIETIES OF VEGETABLE PEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A. G. Besedin ◽  
O. V. Putina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The volume and structure of sown areas of vegetable pea varieties of different terms of ripening, selection of the Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR in the southern region of Russia is shown. When creating new varieties, at present, priority is given to obtaining very early and early, in order to expand the conveyer of raw materials for processing. The merits of the breeding achievements created and included in the State Register are shown: a very early variety Prima (year of inclusion 2016) and an early Kudodesnik 2 (2018), which have already begun to be used in production. However, for processing enterprises in each group of ripening it is necessary to have 2-3 varieties. Therefore, we have set a goal - to create new varieties of vegetable peas of very early and early ripening periods, adaptive to the climatic conditions of the North Caucasus region. The studies were carried out from 2016 to 2018 in breeding fields (Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR, Krasnodar region). Studied 10 varieties and lines. According to the results of evaluation in competitive variety testing (in 2016-2017), a very early grade of vegetable peas Izyuminka was transferred to the state test. The variety ripens 9 days earlier than the Alpha standard and surpasses it in yield (by 2.2 t / ha.). According to the competitive test held in 2017-2018, in 2019, the early variety Mayak was transferred to the state variety testing, which ripens 4 days earlier than the standard and is almost twice as high in yield. The use of these varieties in the processing industry will significantly increase the period of receipt of grain for processing.

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